Cardiovascular health
Supplements studied for cardiovascular health.
Overview
For general cardiovascular health, Green Tea is among the better-studied supplements here (11 trials). Regular intake of several cups daily has been linked to lower coronary heart disease and cardiovascular mortality in large cohorts, with dose-related trends in some analyses.
Oats may improve cholesterol and metabolic markers compared with some other grains in smaller studies. Melatonin and L-Citrulline lack sufficient evidence in this dataset. Panax Ginseng has four listed studies without a summary here. See the heatmap and evidence reviews below for supplement-by-supplement detail.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Oats | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| L-Citrulline | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Taurine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Garlic | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Blueberry | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Tyrosine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| NADH | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Reishi | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Selenium | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★ | Low |
| SAMe | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Yohimbe | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
18 supplements for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
OatsView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Eating oats may support heart health by improving cholesterol and other cardiovascular risk factors.
- Studies suggest oats can improve metabolic and gut health compared with some other grains.
Browse 3 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTComparison of Low-Gluten Diets Rich in Oats or Rice-A 6-Week Randomized Clinical Trial With Metabolically Challenged Volunteers2025n=69
In 69 volunteers on low-gluten diets for 6 weeks, oats lowered LDL-C more than rice and improved stool form and bowel movement frequency vs rice.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 69
- Ages
- 30–68
MetaEffect of oat supplementation interventions on cardiovascular disease risk markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2022n=4,937
A meta-analysis of 59 oat intervention RCTs found oat supplementation lowered total cholesterol by 0.42 mmol/L, LDL by 0.29 mmol/L, weight by 0.94 kg, and waist circumference by 1.06 cm.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Predominantly hypercholesterolemic/obese adults
- Participants
- 4,937
RCTThe Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial2021n=210
In 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic Chinese adults, 80 g/day oats for 45 days reduced total and non-HDL cholesterol more than rice and shifted gut microbiota toward taxa linked to lower LDL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 45 days
- Dose
- 80 g/day oats
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 210
- Ages
- 18–65
Green TeaView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Drinking green tea regularly may support heart health.
- Large studies in Japan show that having 3–5 cups daily is linked to a lower risk of dying from heart disease or stroke, especially in women.
- Reviews of many studies suggest people who drink green tea have a lower risk of coronary heart disease, with benefits seen even at 1–5 cups per day.
- The more green tea people drink, the lower their risk tends to be—about a 5% drop in heart-related deaths for each extra cup per day.
- Some studies found especially big benefits in people drinking more than 3 cups a day if they also ate fruit regularly.
- Whilst both green and black tea may help protect the heart, the strongest evidence comes from studies using green tea.
Browse 11 studies·5 meta-analyses
MetaEffect of green tea supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials2025
A GRADE-assessed meta-analysis of RCTs found green tea supplementation modestly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure versus control in adults.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Women
MetaGreen tea consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies2023n=922
A meta-analysis of 7 cohorts (772,922 participants) found higher green tea consumption associated with lower coronary heart disease risk.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 922
ObservationalAssociations between Green Tea Consumption and Coffee Consumption and the Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease2020n=166
In a cross-sectional study of 612 Japanese cardiac catheterization patients, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower coronary artery disease prevalence.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 166
MetaDose-Response Relation between Tea Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies2020
A meta-analysis of 39 cohort studies found each cup/day of tea associated with ~4% lower CVD mortality, ~2% lower CVD events, ~4% lower stroke risk, and ~1.5% lower all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 338 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
MetaBlack and green tea consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis2011
A meta-analysis of observational studies found green tea consumption associated with lower coronary artery disease risk, while black tea showed no significant association.
- Effect
- Benefit
ObservationalThe relation between green tea consumption and cardiovascular disease as evidenced by epidemiological studies2008
In the Ohsaki cohort of 40,530 Japanese adults, green tea consumption was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality over follow-up.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
ObservationalGreen tea consumption and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in Japan: the Ohsaki study2006n=4,209
In the Ohsaki cohort of 40,530 Japanese adults followed up to 11 years, green tea consumption was associated with lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 7 years
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 4,209
- Ages
- 40–79
ObservationalInverse association of tea and flavonoid intakes with incident myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study2002n=4,807
In 4,807 Rotterdam Study participants followed 5.6 years, tea drinkers consuming >375 mL/day had 43% lower incident MI risk (RR 0.57) than nondrinkers; flavonoid intake was inversely associated with fatal MI.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 4,807
- Ages
- ≥55
ObservationalTea consumption and mortality after acute myocardial infarction2002n=1,900
In 1,900 post-MI patients followed 3.8 years, moderate (OR-derived HR 0.69) and heavy (HR 0.61) tea drinkers had lower mortality than nondrinkers after adjusting for confounders.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients after acute myocardial infarction
- Participants
- 1,900
MetaDoes tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis2001
A meta-analysis found each 3 cups/day increase in tea associated with 11% lower myocardial infarction risk, but geographic heterogeneity was substantial and publication bias could not be excluded.
ObservationalRelation between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women2000n=512
In a study of 512 patients undergoing coronary angiography, higher green tea consumption was associated with less severe coronary atherosclerosis.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 512
- Avg age
- ~30
L-CitrullineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if L-citrulline has any benefit for cardiovascular health.
Browse 6 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTEffect of oral L-citrulline on brachial and aortic blood pressure defined by resting status: evidence from randomized controlled trials2019
A meta-analysis of RCTs found L-citrulline supplementation reduced resting and exercise- or cold-exposure-related brachial and aortic blood pressure.
- Effect
- Benefit
RCTDoes l-citrulline supplementation improve exercise blood flow in older adults?2017n=25
In 25 older adults, 6 g/day L-citrulline for 2 weeks increased femoral blood flow 11% and vascular conductance 14% during leg exercise in men but not women.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Dose
- 6 g/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 25
RCTl-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men2016
In 16 overweight or obese men, 6 g/day L-citrulline reduced arterial stiffness and aortic hemodynamic responses to post-exercise ischemia plus cold pressor test.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 6 g/day
- Avg age
- ~24
[7-OR]: L-Citrulline administration increases the arginine/ADMA ratio, decreases blood pressure and improves vascular function in obese pregnant women2015
In obese pregnant women, L-citrulline increased the arginine/ADMA ratio, lowered blood pressure, and improved vascular function versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTThe effects of short term L-citrulline supplementation on wave reflection responses to cold exposure with concurrent isometric exercise2012n=16
In 16 healthy men, L-citrulline 100 mg/kg for 14 days attenuated blood pressure and augmentation index responses to cold exposure plus isometric handgrip exercise.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 14 days
- Dose
- 100 mg/kg
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 16
- Avg age
- ~23
RCTOral L-citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure response to cold pressor test in young men2009
In 17 normotensive young men, 6 g/day L-citrulline for 4 weeks attenuated brachial and aortic blood pressure responses to cold pressor test versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 6 g/day
- Population
- Men
- Avg age
- ~21.6±0.9
MelatoninView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if melatonin has any benefit for cardiovascular health.
Browse 7 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTEffect of melatonin supplementation on body composition and blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and Dose-Response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial2024n=1,543
A meta-analysis of 28 RCTs (1,543 adults) found melatonin significantly reduced hip circumference (−1.21 cm) and daytime diastolic BP (−1.40 mmHg) but did not significantly change body weight, BMI, or systolic BP.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,543
RCTMelatonin supplementation improves N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels and quality of life in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Results from MeHR trial, a randomized clinical trial2022n=92
A 24-week RCT of 92 HFrEF patients found 10 mg nightly melatonin significantly reduced NT-proBNP (−111 pg/mL) and improved quality of life and NYHA class vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 10 mg
- Population
- Heart failure patients
- Participants
- 92
RCTConsumption of melatonin supplement improves cardiovascular disease risk factors and anthropometric indices in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial2021n=25
An 8-week RCT of 50 type 2 diabetes patients found melatonin (500 mg tablets, ~250 mg elemental) significantly reduced systolic BP, MAP, weight, BMI, and waist circumference vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 250 mg
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 25
- Ages
- 30–60
RCTEffect of melatonin supplementation on endothelial function in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial2021
A 24-week double-blind RCT found 10 mg melatonin significantly improved flow-mediated dilation (7.84% vs 5.98%) in HFrEF patients, with benefit not seen in diabetic subgroups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 10 mg
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Avg age
- 62.7±10.3
RCTMelatonin Supplementation for Six Weeks Had No Effect on Arterial Stiffness and Mitochondrial DNA in Women Aged 55 Years and Older with Insomnia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study2021n=38
A 6-week RCT of 38 older women with insomnia found 2 mg/day melatonin improved PSQI sleep scores and reduced systolic BP (135 to 128 mmHg) but did not change arterial stiffness or mitochondrial DNA markers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 38
- Avg age
- ~55
RCTAcute effects of melatonin administration on cardiovascular autonomic regulation in healthy men2001n=26
An acute-dose study of 26 healthy men found 2 mg melatonin increased cardiac vagal tone, reduced blood pressure, and lowered plasma norepinephrine in the supine position.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 26
RCTEffects of melatonin on vascular reactivity, catecholamine levels, and blood pressure in healthy men1999
A study in healthy men found 1 mg melatonin acutely reduced blood pressure, carotid pulsatility index, and catecholamine levels within 90 minutes of administration.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1 mg
- Population
- Men
Panax GinsengView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- See the studies listed below for more information.
Browse 4 studies·3 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of Ginseng Consumption on Cardiovascular Health Biomarkers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2024
A meta-analysis of 45 RCTs found ginseng significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (−2.57 mmHg), total cholesterol, LDL-C, and C-reactive protein in adults.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaThe Effect of Ginseng Supplementation on Lipid Profile: GRADE-assessed Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2024
A GRADE-assessed meta-analysis of 29 RCTs found ginseng supplementation significantly lowered triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and raised HDL-C versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Older adults
MetaEffects of Panax ginseng on hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis2022
A meta-analysis of 23 studies found Panax ginseng significantly reduced glucose, insulin, body fat, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C versus placebo across metabolic conditions.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4–24 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
RCTEffects of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer) and its isolated ginsenosides and polysaccharides on arterial stiffness in healthy individuals2010n=17
In 17 healthy adults, a single 3 g dose of Korean red ginseng significantly lowered radial augmentation index versus placebo over 3 hours, suggesting acute vascular benefit.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3 g/day KRG
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 17
- Avg age
- 30±9
TaurineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taurine is possibly effective for Cardiovascular health.
Browse 2 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaInsights into the cardiovascular benefits of taurine: a systematic review and meta-analysis2024n=808
A meta-analysis found taurine supplementation associated with modest improvements in blood pressure and some cardiovascular risk markers versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with cardiovascular disease
- Participants
- 808
RCTTwo weeks taurine supplementation reverses endothelial dysfunction in young male type 1 diabetics2010n=10
In young type 1 diabetics over 2 weeks, taurine 500 mg three times daily improved endothelial function versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 10
BlueberryView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Eating or taking blueberry supplements daily for a few weeks to months may help people who are at risk of heart disease lose a small amount of weight and lower their triglyceride (a type of blood fat) levels.
- However, blueberries do not appear to help with lowering blood sugar, cholesterol, or body mass index (BMI) consistently.
- The benefits are slightly better if blueberries are taken as powders or freeze-dried products and if used for more than 6 weeks.
- Blueberries seem to help some people who take cholesterol medicine lower their triglycerides.
- Overall, blueberries may modestly improve some heart disease risk factors but don’t have large or consistent effects on weight or blood sugars.
Browse 3 studies·2 meta-analyses
RCTA serving of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) improves peripheral vascular function but not metabolic and functional markers in older subjects: A randomized, controlled, crossover study2024n=16
In 16 adults over 60, a single 250-g blueberry serving (480 mg anthocyanins) increased reactive hyperemia index by 0.42 versus control 2 h post-meal, suggesting improved peripheral vascular function.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 250 g/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 16
- Ages
- 60+
Systematic reviewEffect of blueberry intervention on endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis2024
A meta-analysis of 11 blueberry RCTs found supplementation improved flow-mediated dilation by 1.50% and diastolic BP by 2.20 mmHg; systolic BP and LDL were not significantly changed overall.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaBlueberry and cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2020
A meta-analysis of 11 blueberry RCTs found no significant overall effects on triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, or body weight; subgroup analysis suggested weight loss with powder or freeze-dried forms over >6 weeks.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Adults
GarlicView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if oral garlic has any benefit for cardiovascular health.
- More research is needed to know whether garlic really helps with cardiovascular health.
Browse 6 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffects of Garlic Supplementation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A Comprehensive Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2025n=7,137
An updated meta-analysis of RCTs in adults found garlic supplementation modestly reduced total cholesterol, LDL, blood pressure, and fasting glucose, with effects varying by preparation and dose.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 7,137
RCTKyolic aged garlic extract improves aerobic fitness in middle-aged recreational endurance athletes: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled 3 month trial2025n=38
In a 12-week double-blind RCT of 75 middle-aged endurance athletes (ages 40–65), Kyolic aged garlic extract improved aerobic fitness markers and reduced arterial stiffness versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 1.2 g/day
- Population
- Athletes
- Participants
- 38
- Ages
- 40–65
RCTEffects of an Optimized Aged Garlic Extract on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Moderate Hypercholesterolemic Subjects: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Sustainedand Controlled Study2022n=75
In a 6-week crossover RCT of 67 adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia, 250 mg/day aged black garlic extract (1.25 mg S-allyl-L-cysteine) improved cardiovascular risk factors versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 250 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 75
- Ages
- 18+
RCTInhibiting progression of coronary calcification using Aged Garlic Extract in patients receiving statin therapy: a preliminary study2004n=10
In a 1-year pilot RCT of 19 patients on statins, 4 mL/day aged garlic extract showed a trend toward slower coronary calcium progression on electron beam tomography versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 1 year
- Dose
- 4 mL/day aged garlic extract
- Population
- Patients receiving statin therapy
- Participants
- 10
Clinical trialDietary supplementation with aged garlic extract inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation in humans2000
In normolipidemic subjects given 5 mL/day aged garlic extract for 13 weeks, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 13 weeks
- Dose
- 5 mL/day aged garlic extract
ObservationalProtective effect of chronic garlic intake on elastic properties of aorta in the elderly1997n=101
In a cross-sectional study of 101 adults (ages 50–80) taking ≥300 mg/day standardized garlic powder for ≥2 years, aortic pulse wave velocity and elastic vascular resistance were lower than in matched controls.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 300 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 101
- Ages
- 50–80
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain whether taking riboflavin supplements can help prevent death from heart disease.
- Studies show people who eat or take more riboflavin, about 3.4 mg daily, may have a lower chance of dying from heart problems compared to those who get less, around 1 mg daily.
- Having more folate in the diet may make this effect stronger.
- But the study results are not very certain because they were based on a short self-assessed report of what people ate over just two days.
Browse 5 studies
Riboflavin Intake Inversely Associated with Cardiovascular-Disease Mortality and Interacting with Folate Intake: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-20162022n=10,480
A study of 10480 adults found that those with a high folate intake (Q4) and low intake of riboflavin (Q1) had the highest risk of CVD mortality (HR 4.38, 95% CI 1.79-10.72), as compared with a high intake of both riboflavin and folate.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 10,480
- Ages
- 20+
RCTRiboflavin offers a targeted strategy for managing hypertension in patients with the MTHFR 677TT genotype: a 4-y follow-up2012n=31
A randomized trial of 31 patients with cardiovascular disease found that 1.6 mg/day for 16 weeks these findings, if confirmed in the general population, could have important implications for the prevention of hypertension.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 1.6 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
- Participants
- 31
RCTRiboflavin lowers blood pressure in cardiovascular disease patients homozygous for the 677C-->T polymorphism in MTHFR2010n=60
A randomized trial of 60 found that 1.6 mg/day for 16 weeks among patients taking one or more antihypertensive drugs at recruitment (82%), we observed that target blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg) had been achieved in only 37% patients with the TT genotype compared with 59% with the CT and 64% with the CC genotype (P < 0.001).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 1.6 mg/day
- Population
- Cardiovascular disease patients
- Participants
- 60
RCTRiboflavin supplementation and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in the elderly2009n=21
A randomized trial of 21 older adults found that 10 mg/day for 28 days riboflavin supplementation significantly decreased plasma tHcy (P=0.005) and EGRAC (P=0.014), but not plasma ferritin, uric acid or C-reactive protein.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 28 days
- Dose
- 10 mg/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 21
- Ages
- 60–94
RCTRiboflavin lowers homocysteine in individuals homozygous for the MTHFR 677C->T polymorphism2005n=28
A randomized trial of 28 healthy adults found that 1.6 mg/day for 12 weeks individuals homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C-->T polymorphism have reduced MTHFR enzyme activity resulting from the inappropriate loss of the riboflavin cofactor, but it is unknown whether their typically high homocysteine levels are.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1.6 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 28
- Ages
- 18–65
Cassia CinnamonView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is insufficient evidence that cassia cinnamon benefits cardiovascular health.
Browse 2 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaThe effect of cinnamon consumption on lipid profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers in adults: An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2023
An umbrella meta-analysis of 11 reviews found cinnamon modestly improved total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol but not triglycerides, MDA, or CRP.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaAssociation Between Cinnamon Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021n=1,070
A meta-analysis of 23 poor-quality cinnamon trials (1,070 subjects) found no significant effects on LDL or HDL cholesterol vs control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Participants
- 1,070
NADHView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking supplements that increase NAD+ levels may help lower blood pressure, reduce inflammation (measured by C-reactive protein), and improve artery health in adults.
- Larger doses for longer than 12 weeks, especially using certain types like nicotinic acid, seem to work best.
- Supplementation may help protect against heart and blood vessel disease, but more research is needed to be sure.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
RCTEffects of NAD+ precursors on blood pressure, C-reactive protein concentration and carotid intima-media thickness: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2023n=8,664
A meta-analysis of NAD+ precursor trials in 8664 participants found supplementation did not consistently lower blood pressure, CRP, or carotid intima-media thickness.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 8,664
TyrosineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Tyrosine has no meaningful benefit for Cardiovascular health.
Browse 1 study
RCTL-tyrosine ameliorates some effects of lower body negative pressure stress1995n=20
An RCT of 20 participants found that 100 mg/kg L-tyrosine increased pulse pressure and P300 amplitude during lower body negative pressure stress versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 100 mg/kg
- Participants
- 20
N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if N-acetyl cysteine has any benefit for cardiovascular health.
Browse 1 study
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibits renal nitrite and nitrate reabsorption in healthy subjects and in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: risk of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability loss by NAC?2014
A study in healthy volunteers found NAC inhibited renal reabsorption of nitrite and nitrate, increasing urinary excretion.
- Population
- Healthy adults
ReishiView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research in people with diabetes shows that taking reishi mushroom daily for 12 to 16 weeks does not improve factors linked to heart disease risk, such as cholesterol, blood pressure, or body weight.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaGanoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors2015n=398
A meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (398 adults) found Ganoderma lucidum 1.4–3 g/day for 12–16 weeks did not significantly improve blood glucose, blood pressure, or lipids versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12–16 weeks
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 398
RCTStudy of potential cardioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi): results of a controlled human intervention trial2012n=26
In 26 adults with borderline hypertension or hyperlipidemia over 12 weeks, Lingzhi 1.44 g/day did not significantly improve blood pressure, lipids, glucose, or antioxidant markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1.44 g/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 26
RCTA prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the platelet and global hemostatic effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-Zhi) in healthy volunteers2005n=20
In 20 healthy adults over 4 weeks, Ganoderma lucidum 1.5 g/day did not significantly alter coagulation, platelet function, or thrombelastography versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 1.5 g/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 20
Clinical trialGanoderma lucidum suppresses endothelial cell cytotoxicity and proteinuria in persistent proteinuric focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) nephrosis2004n=14
In 14 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis patients with persistent proteinuria, Ganoderma lucidum reduced endothelial cytotoxicity and proteinuria versus prior failed standard therapy.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with FSGS
- Participants
- 14
NattokinaseView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Nattokinase is an enzyme from the traditional Japanese food natto that helps break down blood clots.
- Taking nattokinase regularly has been shown to lower some blood clotting factors that are linked to heart disease risk without affecting cholesterol or causing side effects.
- Early studies indicate nattokinase can increase the blood’s ability to dissolve clots, which may help support heart health.
- However, more research is needed to fully understand its benefits and safety.
Browse 2 studies
Open-labelNattokinase decreases plasma levels of fibrinogen, factor VII, and factor VIII in human subjects2009
An open-label trial found nattokinase reduced plasma fibrinogen, factor VII, and factor VIII in healthy adults and cardiovascular risk-factor patients over 2 months.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Population
- Healthy adults
Enhancement of the fibrinolytic activity in plasma by oral administration of nattokinase1990
Oral nattokinase or natto produced mild, repeated increases in plasma fibrinolytic activity in humans and lysed experimentally induced thrombi in dogs.
- Effect
- Benefit
SeleniumView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking selenium supplements does not seem to lower the risk of heart disease or related deaths for most people.
- Studies lasting up to eight years found no benefit from selenium in reducing heart attacks, strokes, or heart-related deaths.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffects of Selenium Administration on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Experimental Human Studies2025
A dose-response meta-analysis of 27 RCTs found selenium ≥200 mcg/day lowered HDL cholesterol, suggesting high-dose selenium may adversely affect lipids.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Pregnant women
SAMeView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- SAMe has no meaningful benefit for Cardiovascular health.
Browse 2 studies
RCTDietary supplement S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) effects on plasma homocysteine levels in healthy human subjects: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial2009n=52
In 52 healthy volunteers, SAMe 800 mg/day for 4 weeks increased plasma homocysteine versus placebo, raising potential cardiovascular concern.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 52
Influence of oral S-adenosylmethionine on plasma 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, S-adenosylhomocysteine, homocysteine and methionine in healthy humans1997n=14
A single oral SAMe 400 mg dose increased plasma 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and altered homocysteine metabolism in healthy subjects.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 400 mg
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 14
YohimbeView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Evidence is insufficient for this condition.
Browse 1 study
Controlled trialMelatonin responses to clonidine and yohimbine challenges1995n=10
In 10 women, a single 10.8 mg oral yohimbine dose did not alter nocturnal serum melatonin versus placebo but increased urinary melatonin metabolites between 18:00 and 22:00 h and raised pulse rate.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 10.8 mg yohimbine
- Population
- Depression patients
- Participants
- 10
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Green Tea | ★★★★★68% | 11 | 5 | 18% |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★68% | 7 | 1 | 11% |
| Garlic | ★★★★★52% | 6 | 1 | 10% |
| L-Citrulline | ★★★★★68% | 6 | 1 | 10% |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | ★★★★★52% | 5 | 0 | 8% |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★68% | 4 | 3 | 6% |
| Reishi | ★★★★★40% | 4 | 1 | 6% |
| Blueberry | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 2 | 5% |
| Oats | ★★★★★72% | 3 | 1 | 5% |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★48% | 2 | 2 | 3% |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★36% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| SAMe | ★★★★★32% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Taurine | ★★★★★64% | 2 | 1 | 3% |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | 2% |
| NADH | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 1 | 2% |
| Selenium | ★★★★★36% | 1 | 1 | 2% |
| Tyrosine | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 2% |
| Yohimbe | ★★★★★28% | 1 | 0 | 2% |