Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Supplements studied for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Overview
Inositol (WA 88; high effect size, very high evidence, very high trust) has high-strength evidence for PCOS, with 25 studies showing it may modestly reduce weight, blood sugar, cholesterol, and androgen levels and increase ovulation rates, though pregnancy outcomes are less clear and it may be less effective than metformin for some measures. N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) (WA 68; medium effect size, very high evidence, medium trust) may improve ovulation and insulin resistance but is generally less effective than metformin.
Berberine (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) and L-Carnitine (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) may improve metabolic and fertility-related outcomes in some trials. Resveratrol (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) has inconsistent results across studies. See the heatmap and evidence reviews below.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Inositol | ★★★★★ | High |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| L-Carnitine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Berberine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Selenium | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Chromium | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Quercetin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Maitake Mushroom | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Inulin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Ginger | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Garlic | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Flaxseed Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Biotin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitex agnus-castus | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
24 supplements for , , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
InositolView supplement →
Proven purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Inositol, a natural supplement often used in women with PCOS, may help slightly reduce body weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels.
- It also appears to lower certain male hormone levels, which can improve symptoms of PCOS.
- Taking inositol helps increase ovulation rates but does not clearly improve pregnancy chances.
- Compared to metformin, a common PCOS medication, inositol causes fewer side effects but might be less effective for some measures.
- Combining inositol with metformin may provide additional benefits for metabolism.
- More research is needed to fully understand the best uses of inositol for PCOS.
Browse 25 studies·5 meta-analyses
RCTPharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Indian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2025
A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated pharmacological and non-pharmacological PCOS treatments in Indian women across metabolic and reproductive outcomes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
MetaInositol is an effective and safe treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2023n=1,691
A meta-analysis of 1,691 women with PCOS found inositol effective and safe for improving metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive outcomes versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 1,691
RCTEfficacy of myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol combination on menstrual cycle regulation and improving insulin resistance in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized open-label study2022n=24
In 70 young Indian women with PCOS over 6 months, myo-inositol plus D-chiro-inositol (1,400 mg/day) restored spontaneous menses in 28 patients versus hormonal contraceptive therapy.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 400 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 24
- Ages
- 15–24
MetaShort period-administration of myo-inositol and metformin on hormonal and glycolipid profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2022n=612
A meta-analysis of 612 PCOS patients found short-term myo-inositol and metformin each improved hormonal and glycolipid profiles, with broadly comparable effects.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 612
RCTComparison of Clinical, Metabolic and Hormonal Effects of Metformin Versus Combined Therapy of Metformin With Myoinositol Plus D-Chiro-Inositol in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Randomized Controlled Trial2021n=72
In 72 women with PCOS over 6 months, metformin plus myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol improved metabolic and hormonal markers more than metformin alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 500 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 72
- Ages
- 18–45
RCTComparison of the effect of two combinations of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing ICSI: a randomized controlled trial2019n=60
In 60 PCOS women undergoing ICSI over 12 weeks, myo-inositol plus higher-dose D-chiro-inositol (150 mg twice daily) affected oocyte quality differently than a lower DCI ratio.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 150 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 60
MetaShort-term effects of metformin and myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2019n=355
A meta-analysis of 355 PCOS patients found both metformin and myo-inositol improved metabolic and hormonal parameters, with broadly similar short-term effects.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 355
RCTComparison of two insulin sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)2017
In 50 PCOS women, myo-inositol (4 g/day) and metformin (1,500 mg/day) each improved insulin sensitivity and reproductive markers over 6 months.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day
- Population
- Women
RCTMetformin vs myoinositol: which is better in obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients? A randomized controlled crossover study2017
In 34 obese PCOS women over 6 months in a crossover trial, metformin and myo-inositol produced differing metabolic and hormonal effects.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 850 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Women
- Avg age
- 26±5
MetaNutritional supplements and herbal medicines for women with polycystic ovary syndrome; a systematic review and meta-analysis2017n=1,406
A meta-analysis (1,406 women, ages 18–44) found several nutritional supplements, including inositol, improved menstrual regulation and metabolic markers in PCOS.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 1,406
- Ages
- 18–44
Clinical trialOvulation induction with myo-inositol alone and in combination with clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients with insulin resistance2015n=29
In 50 anovulatory PCOS women with insulin resistance, myo-inositol alone or with clomiphene improved ovulation and pregnancy rates versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 29
RCTComparison between effects of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol on ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with PCOS2014n=50
In 50 PCOS women over 6 months, myo-inositol (4 g/day) improved ovarian function and metabolism more than D-chiro-inositol alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 4 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 50
The Efficacy of Inositol and N-Acetyl Cysteine Administration (Ovaric HP) in Improving the Ovarian Function in Infertile Women with PCOS with or without Insulin Resistance2014n=44
In 91 PCOS patients treated with inositol plus N-acetylcysteine for 12 months, menstrual regularity and ovulation improved in both insulin-resistant and non-resistant subgroups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 44
- Ages
- 35+
RCTThe combined therapy myo-inositol plus D-chiro-inositol, rather than D-chiro-inositol, is able to improve IVF outcomes: results from a randomized controlled trial2013
In PCOS women undergoing IVF, combined myo-inositol plus D-chiro-inositol improved IVF outcomes more than D-chiro-inositol alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1.1 g
- Population
- Women
RCTInositol administration reduces oxidative stress in erythrocytes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome2012n=8
In 26 PCOS women over 12 weeks, myo-inositol (1,200 mg/day) reduced oxidative stress markers in erythrocytes versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 8
RCTThe combined therapy with myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol reduces the risk of metabolic disease in PCOS overweight patients compared to myo-inositol supplementation alone2012
In overweight PCOS patients, combined myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol reduced metabolic risk factors more than myo-inositol alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTEffects of myo-inositol supplementation on oocyte's quality in PCOS patients: a double blind trial2011
In PCOS patients over 3 months, myo-inositol (2 g/day) improved oocyte quality during fertility treatment versus control in a double-blind trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Women
RCTMyo-inositol rather than D-chiro-inositol is able to improve oocyte quality in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. A prospective, controlled, randomized trial2011
In 84 euglycemic PCOS patients undergoing ICSI, myo-inositol (2 g twice daily) improved oocyte quality more than D-chiro-inositol.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2 g 2×/day
- Population
- Women with PCOS
RCTInsulin sensitiser agents alone and in co-treatment with r-FSH for ovulation induction in PCOS women2010n=60
In 120 PCOS patients, myo-inositol (4 g/day) was comparable to metformin (1,500 mg/day) for ovulation induction, alone or with r-FSH.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 60
Clinical trialEfficacy of myo-inositol in the treatment of cutaneous disorders in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome2009n=50
In 50 young PCOS women over 6 months, myo-inositol improved acne and hirsutism versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 50
RCTMetabolic and hormonal effects of myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind trial2009n=23
In 42 PCOS women, myo-inositol plus folic acid over 12 weeks lowered testosterone and improved insulin sensitivity versus folic acid alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 23
RCTMyo-inositol administration positively affects hyperinsulinemia and hormonal parameters in overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome2008n=10
In 20 overweight PCOS patients over 12 weeks, myo-inositol (2 g/day) improved hyperinsulinemia and hormonal parameters versus folic acid alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 10
RCTEffects of inositol on ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with PCOS: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial2003n=45
In 45 PCOS women, inositol (200 mg/day) improved ovarian function and metabolic markers versus placebo in a double-blind trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 45
RCTEffects of d-chiro-inositol in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome2002n=10
In 20 lean PCOS women over 6–8 weeks, D-chiro-inositol (600 mg/day) improved insulin sensitivity and ovulatory function versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6–8 weeks
- Dose
- 600 mg
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 10
RCTOvulatory and metabolic effects of D-chiro-inositol in the polycystic ovary syndrome1999n=44
In 44 PCOS women, D-chiro-inositol (1,200 mg/day) improved ovulation rates and metabolic parameters versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 44
BerberineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Berberine supplements can help women with PCOS who have insulin resistance by lowering blood sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides, testosterone, and body weight.
- It also increases "good" cholesterol (HDL) and a hormone that binds sex hormones (SHBG).
- These effects are similar or sometimes superior to the diabetes medicine metformin.
- Berberine may help improve ovulation and increase pregnancy rates when combined with fertility drugs.
- One study found berberine doubled pregnancy and live birth rates before fertility treatment, similar to metformin.
- However, other research shows it may not always increase live births when added to some fertility medicines.
- More studies are needed to confirm how well berberine helps with fertility and pregnancy.
Browse 7 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaBerberine as adjuvant therapy for treating reduced fertility potential in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024n=713
A meta-analysis of 10 PCOS RCTs in 713 women found berberine plus Western medicine increased endometrial thickness, ovulation rate, and clinical pregnancy rate and lowered testosterone and LH.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 713
Open-labelEffect of Berberine Phytosome on reproductive, dermatologic, and metabolic characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a controlled, randomized, multi-centric, open-label clinical trial2023
A 90-day open-label RCT of 130 Pakistani women with PCOS found berberine phytosome restored regular menses in about 70% versus 16% on control and was well tolerated.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 90 days
- Dose
- 1100 mg/day berberine
- Population
- Women
- Ages
- 18–45
Clinical trialBerberine phospholipid is an effective insulin sensitizer and improves metabolic and hormonal disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a one-group pretest–post-test explanatory study2021
A 60-day pre-post study of 12 overweight PCOS women found bioavailable berberine lowered HOMA-IR, CRP, TNF-α, triglycerides, testosterone, BMI, visceral fat, and acne scores.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 60 days
- Dose
- 550 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Avg age
- ~27
RCTThe effect of berberine on reproduction and metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials2019n=577
A meta-analysis of 12 PCOS RCTs in 577 women found berberine lowered testosterone and LH/FSH ratio and improved lipids and waist measures versus metformin, without clear live-birth benefit.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 577
RCTRandomized controlled trial of letrozole, berberine, or a combination for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome2016n=644
An RCT of 644 infertile PCOS women found berberine alone yielded 22% live birth versus 36% for letrozole; combination therapy did not beat letrozole alone.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- up to 6 months
- Dose
- 1.5 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 644
RCTThe use of berberine for women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF treatment2014
A 3-month pretreatment RCT in PCOS women undergoing IVF found berberine matched metformin for metabolic normalization and increased live birth rate with fewer GI side effects.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Women
RCTA clinical study on the short-term effect of berberine in comparison to metformin on the metabolic characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome2012n=30
An RCT of 89 PCOS women with insulin resistance found 3 months of berberine improved waist, lipids, glucose, insulin, and SHBG similarly to or better than metformin versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
L-CarnitineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking 3 grams daily along with standard fertility drugs can make menstrual cycles more regular, increase ovulation rates, and slightly increase pregnancy rates.
- For women who don’t respond well to certain fertility treatments, L-carnitine may help grow mature follicles and increase pregnancy chances.
- However, L-carnitine does not appear to help when used with IVF or other advanced fertility procedures.
- It may also help reduce weight and belly fat, but effects on cholesterol and heart risk are unclear.
- More research is needed.
Browse 7 studies·2 meta-analyses
RCTAdding L-carnitine to antagonist ovarian stimulation doesn't improve the outcomes of IVF/ICSI cycle in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a double-blind randomized clinical trial2024n=110
In 110 PCOS women undergoing IVF/ICSI, L-carnitine 3 g/day for 6 weeks did not improve oocyte recovery, fertilization, or pregnancy rates but significantly reduced weight, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 3000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 110
MetaEffects of carnitine on glucose and lipid metabolic profiles and fertility outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis2023n=839
A meta-analysis of 839 PCOS women found carnitine supplementation (250–3,000 mg/day for 84–90 days) significantly improved ovulation rates (RR 3.42) and pregnancy rates (RR 11.05) and reduced BMI and insulin resistance.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 84–90 days
- Dose
- 3000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 839
Clinical trialThe effect of adding L-Carnitine to the GnRH-antagonist protocol on assisted reproductive technology outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized clinical trial2023n=42
In 83 PCOS women in frozen embryo transfer cycles, oral L-carnitine 3 g/day until ovulation trigger did not significantly improve oocyte maturity, fertilization, or pregnancy rates versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 3000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 42
MetaEffects of L-carnitine supplementation for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis2022n=995
A meta-analysis of 995 PCOS women found L-carnitine significantly reduced fasting glucose, LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides with moderate certainty of evidence.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 995
RCTThe effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial2022
In 62 overweight or obese women with PCOS, 1,000 mg/day L-carnitine for 12 weeks significantly improved insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity versus placebo, but did not significantly change SHBG or lipid levels.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
RCTEffect of L-carnitine supplementation on liver fat content and cardiometabolic indices in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial2021
In 62 overweight or obese women with PCOS, 1,000 mg/day L-carnitine for 12 weeks did not improve liver fat content or cardiometabolic indices versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
RCTOral carnitine supplementation reduces body weight and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2016n=30
In 60 overweight women with PCOS, 250 mg/day oral carnitine for 12 weeks reduced weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and DHEA-S versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 250 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
ResveratrolView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear if resveratrol helps women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- Some studies show that taking 1000 mg daily for 3 months helped most women get regular periods and reduced hair loss by half, but didn’t change hormones or cholesterol levels.
- Other studies found that higher doses lowered testosterone but did not improve weight, acne, or insulin levels.
- Overall, resveratrol has not consistently improved symptoms like acne or pregnancy chances in PCOS.
- More research is needed.
Browse 4 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of resveratrol on polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024n=85
A meta-analysis of 3 PCOS trials found resveratrol lowered testosterone and improved some metabolic labs, though evidence remained limited.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 85
MetaEfficacy of resveratrol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2023n=218
A systematic review found resveratrol may reduce testosterone and improve metabolic parameters in PCOS women, but trial data were sparse and inconsistent.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 218
RCTEffect of resveratrol on menstrual cyclicity, hyperandrogenism and metabolic profile in women with PCOS2021n=78
A double-blind RCT in 57 adults with mild-to-moderate depression found SHR-5 Rhodiola rosea extract significantly reduced HAMD and Beck Depression scores versus placebo over 6 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day resveratrol
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 78
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTEffects of Resveratrol on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial2016n=30
In 57 adults with mild-to-moderate depression, SHR-5 Rhodiola rosea extract reduced depression rating scores versus placebo over 6 weeks in a phase III trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day resveratrol
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)View supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may help women with PCOS get pregnant and ovulate more often, but it is generally less effective than metformin.
- It might also improve insulin resistance, irregular periods, and excess hair growth in some women.
- NAC tends to have fewer side effects but is less effective than metformin for these health outcomes.
- However, it does not seem to reduce miscarriage rates or improve acne.
- More research is needed to confirm long-term safety.
Browse 12 studies·4 meta-analyses
MetaThe effects of N-acetylcysteine on ovulation and sex hormones profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis2023n=2,185
A meta-analysis of 2,185 women with PCOS found NAC significantly reduced testosterone, increased FSH, and improved ovulation rates versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 2,185
Systematic reviewThe effects of N-acetylcysteine supplement on metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis2023n=869
A meta-analysis of 869 PCOS women across 11 RCTs found NAC modestly improved BMI, fasting insulin, and lipid profiles versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 869
MetaN-acetyl-cysteine as adjuvant therapy in female infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis2020
A meta-analysis of 15 infertility RCTs found NAC adjuvant therapy showed inconsistent improvements in pregnancy and ovulation rates with high heterogeneity.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
ObservationalEfficacy of combination therapy of inositols, antioxidants and vitamins in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational study2019
In women with PCOS, 12 weeks of combined myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, chromium, NAC, lycopene, vitamin D, biotin, and folic acid improved menstrual cyclicity, acne, hirsutism, and weight in obese but not lean patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
RCTN-acetylcysteine for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials2015n=910
A systematic review of 910 PCOS patients found NAC improved ovulation and pregnancy rates versus placebo but was less effective than metformin for ovulation induction.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 10 days
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 910
The Efficacy of Inositol and N-Acetyl Cysteine Administration (Ovaric HP) in Improving the Ovarian Function in Infertile Women with PCOS with or without Insulin Resistance2014n=44
In 91 PCOS patients treated with inositol plus N-acetylcysteine for 12 months, menstrual regularity and ovulation improved in both insulin-resistant and non-resistant subgroups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 44
- Ages
- 35+
RCTN-Acetylcysteine as an adjuvant to clomiphene citrate for successful induction of ovulation in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome2012
An RCT found adding NAC to clomiphene citrate significantly improved ovulation and pregnancy rates in infertile PCOS patients versus clomiphene alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTClinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin vs N-acetyl-cysteine in women with polycystic ovary syndrome2011n=100
A 24-week RCT of 100 PCOS women found NAC (600 mg three times daily) matched metformin for reducing BMI, hirsutism, insulin resistance, and menstrual irregularity.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 600 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 100
RCTN-Acetyl cysteine and clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-over trial2007n=260
A cross-over study of 573 PCOS patients found adding NAC (1200 mg/day) to clomiphene raised ovulation rate from 17.9% to 52.1%.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 5 days
- Dose
- 1200 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 260
RCTN-acetyl cysteine vs. metformin in treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled study2007
A 6-week RCT in clomiphene-resistant PCOS found metformin induced ovulation in 51.6% versus 6.7% with NAC (1.8 g/day), favoring metformin.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 1.8 g/day
- Population
- Women
RCTN-acetyl-cysteine is a novel adjuvant to clomiphene citrate in clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome2005n=50
An RCT of 150 clomiphene-resistant PCOS women found NAC (1.2 g/day) plus clomiphene raised ovulation rate to 49.3% versus 1.3% with placebo plus clomiphene.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 5 days
- Dose
- 1.2 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 50
- Ages
- 18–39
Controlled trialN-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome2002n=31
A 5–6 week trial of 31 obese PCOS women found NAC (1.8 g/day) improved insulin sensitivity on euglycemic clamp testing and lowered testosterone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1.8 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 31
- Ages
- 19–33
Cassia CinnamonView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not yet clear whether cassia cinnamon is helpful for women with PCOS.
- In a small study, women who took 500 mg of cinnamon three times daily for 8 weeks saw reductions in body weight, body mass index, insulin resistance, and testosterone levels.
- However, cinnamon did not improve hormones like LH, FSH, or DHEA, nor did it change cholesterol, insulin, or other blood markers compared to placebo.
Browse 2 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaComparative effectiveness of medicinal interventions for oral submucous fibrosis: A network meta-analysis2023n=2,393
Network meta-analysis of 47 oral submucous fibrosis trials in 2393 patients ranked aloe vera second for reducing burning sensation, though overall RCT quality was low.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Oral submucous fibrosis patients
- Participants
- 2,393
MetaThe effect of cinnamon supplementation on glycemic control in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A meta-analysis of 5 RCTs found cinnamon significantly reduced HOMA-IR in women with PCOS (SMD −0.84), suggesting improved insulin resistance markers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
Alpha-Lipoic AcidView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) helps treat PCOS.
- Studies have looked at ALA on its own and together with inositol.
- A review of seven clinical trials in women with PCOS and overweight found that taking 600–1800 mg of ALA daily for 6–25 weeks, alone or with inositol, lowered fasting blood sugar and improved insulin resistance.
- However, ALA did not change insulin levels, body weight, cholesterol, or hormone levels.
- Other research suggests possible metabolic benefits.
- In one small study, ALA 400 mg daily for 12 weeks improved insulin sensitivity and liver enzyme levels but did not change hormone levels.
- Taking 2000 mg of ALA, with or without 800–1000 mg of myo-inositol, for 3–24 months lowered insulin levels and shortened menstrual cycles, but did not help with weight or unwanted hair growth.
- A higher combination dose (ALA 800 mg with myo-inositol 2000 mg) led to slightly more weight loss.
- Taking ALA 400 mg alone had no effect on hormones, though combining it with inositol 1000 mg improved them.
Browse 5 studies·1 meta-analysis
Clinical trialAlpha lipoic acid administration improved both peripheral sensitivity to insulin and liver clearance of insulin reducing potential risk of diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight/obese PCOS patients2024n=32
In 32 overweight/obese PCOS women, 12 weeks of alpha-lipoic acid 400 mg/day improved insulin sensitivity and lowered ALT/AST, with greater hepatic insulin clearance in those with familial diabetes risk.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 400 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 32
RCTThe effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, oxidative stress, and hormonal parameters in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2024n=7
A meta-analysis of 7 PCOS RCTs found alpha-lipoic acid significantly lowered fasting blood sugar and HOMA-IR versus control, without consistent effects on BMI, lipids, or sex hormones.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 7
RCTClinical and Metabolic Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Associated with Two Different Doses of Myo-Inositol in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome2020n=88
In 88 PCOS women given alpha-lipoic acid 800 mg/day plus myo-inositol 1000 or 2000 mg/day for 6 months, 71% had improved menstrual regularity; higher myo-inositol dose yielded better cycle normalization.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 88
Clinical trialLong-term treatment with α-lipoic acid and myo-inositol positively affects clinical and metabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome2020n=57
In 44 PCOS women, 24 months of alpha-lipoic acid 800 mg plus myo-inositol 2000 mg/day normalized menstrual cycles and improved insulin response to OGTT without changing testosterone or ovarian volume.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 months
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 57
ObservationalDifferential insulin response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing to myo-inositol (MYO), alpha lipoic acid (ALA), or combination of both2019n=90
In 76 overweight/obese PCOS women over 12 weeks, myo-inositol, alpha-lipoic acid 400 mg/day, or both improved hormonal and metabolic profiles, with combination therapy effective regardless of familial diabetes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 400 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with obesity
- Participants
- 90
ChromiumView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Chromium supplements might help improve some symptoms of PCOS, such as lowering blood sugar, improving insulin sensitivity, reducing body weight, and lowering some hormone levels like free testosterone.
- Some studies found chromium helped women with insulin resistance similarly to the diabetes drug metformin, but it didn’t improve ovulation or pregnancy rates.
- Taking chromium with another supplement called carnitine also showed some small benefits, but it’s unclear if chromium was the main cause.
- Chromium seems safe and may help with blood sugar control, but it’s not proven to fix all PCOS symptoms.
Browse 8 studies
RCTEffects of Chromium and Carnitine Co-supplementation on Body Weight and Metabolic Profiles in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2020n=54
In 54 overweight women with PCOS over 12 weeks, chromium picolinate plus carnitine reduced weight, fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and lipids versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 200 μg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 54
ObservationalEfficacy of combination therapy of inositols, antioxidants and vitamins in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational study2019
In women with PCOS, 12 weeks of combined myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, chromium, NAC, lycopene, vitamin D, biotin, and folic acid improved menstrual cyclicity, acne, hirsutism, and weight in obese but not lean patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
RCTThe Influences of Chromium Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Markers of Cardio-Metabolic Risk, and Oxidative Stress in Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women Candidate for In vitro Fertilization: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2018n=20
In 40 infertile PCOS women over 8 weeks before IVF, 200 µg/day chromium reduced fasting glucose, insulin resistance, triglycerides, and oxidative stress versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTChromium picolinate reduces insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized controlled trial2016n=85
In 85 women with PCOS over 6 months, 1,000 µg/day chromium picolinate improved insulin resistance, BMI, ovulation, and menstrual regularity versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1000 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 85
RCTChromium Supplementation and the Effects on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2015n=32
In 64 women with PCOS over 8 weeks, 200 µg/day chromium picolinate significantly lowered insulin, HOMA-IR, and trended toward lower triglycerides versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 32
RCTThe Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Endocrine Profiles, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2015n=30
In 60 women with PCOS over 8 weeks, 200 µg/day chromium reduced acne, hirsutism, hs-CRP, and malondialdehyde and raised total antioxidant capacity versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
Clinical trialChromium picolinate improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome2006
In five obese women with PCOS, 1,000 µg/day chromium picolinate improved glucose disposal rate by 38% during a hyperinsulinemic clamp.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1000 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
RCTEffect of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance and ovarian and menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome2005
In women with PCOS, 200 µg/day chromium picolinate improved glucose tolerance versus placebo but did not improve ovulation or hormonal parameters in this pilot study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
MelatoninView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In women with PCOS, one study found that taking melatonin 2 mg at night for 6 months increased the number of menstrual cycles.
- Another small study using 6 mg daily for 8 weeks found no effect on blood sugar, cholesterol, weight, or insulin, but suggested it might slightly lower testosterone.
- These findings are early, and more research is needed.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffect of melatonin supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress and hormonal profile in PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2024
A meta-analysis in PCOS patients found melatonin improved cardiometabolic markers and oxidative stress versus placebo, though outcomes were heterogeneous.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTEffects of Melatonin and/or Magnesium Supplementation on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2021n=84
In 84 PCOS women, melatonin 6 mg/day for 8 weeks reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 6 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 84
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTMetabolic and hormonal effects of melatonin and/or magnesium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2021n=84
In 84 PCOS women, melatonin, magnesium, or their combination for 8 weeks improved metabolic profile and sex hormone levels versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 84
- Ages
- 18–40
ObservationalMelatonin Treatment May Be Able to Restore Menstrual Cyclicity in Women With PCOS: A Pilot Study2018
In 40 normal-weight PCOS women, melatonin for 6 months restored menstrual cyclicity and improved endocrine profiles versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Women
SeleniumView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research on taking selenium supplements for PCOS shows mixed results.
- Selenium may help improve antioxidant levels and reduce some hormone levels linked to PCOS, and may improve symptoms like hair loss, acne, and excess hair growth.
- It usually doesn't change weight, blood sugar, cholesterol, or other hormone levels much.
- Some studies suggest selenium may help women with PCOS who are trying IVF, but evidence is unclear.
- Selenium combined with probiotics might also help mood and some symptoms, but it's not clear if selenium alone works as well.
- More research is needed.
Browse 8 studies·3 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of selenium supplementation on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials2023n=195
A meta-analysis of PCOS RCTs found selenium improved total antioxidant capacity but did not significantly improve BMI, testosterone, lipids, or insulin resistance overall.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 195
MetaSelenium supplementation effect on glycemic control: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2023
A meta-analysis of 20 RCTs found selenium supplementation lowered fasting insulin and raised QUICKI but did not significantly change fasting glucose or HbA1c.
- Effect
- No Benefit
MetaSelenium supplementation for polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2022
A meta-analysis of 5 PCOS RCTs found selenium supplementation lowered total testosterone and cholesterol versus placebo, with uncertain effects on other metabolic markers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTThe effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, serum lipoproteins and biomarkers of oxidative stress in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2022
In 40 infertile PCOS women over 8 weeks, selenium 200 mcg/day improved fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and malondialdehyde but not pregnancy rate versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTThe Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Clinical Symptoms and Gene Expression Related to Inflammation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Infertile Women Candidate for In Vitro Fertilization2020n=18
In 36 infertile PCOS women before IVF over 8 weeks, selenium 200 mcg/day downregulated IL-1 and TNF-alpha and upregulated VEGF gene expression versus placebo.
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 18
RCTThe effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome2018n=30
In 60 PCOS women over 12 weeks, probiotic plus selenium 200 mcg/day improved depression and general health scores and lowered inflammation versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTSelenium Supplementation and the Effects on Reproductive Outcomes, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome2016n=32
In PCOS women, selenium supplementation improved reproductive and oxidative stress biomarkers in randomized trials, though specific outcomes varied across included studies.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 μg/day selenium
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 32
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTMetabolic response to selenium supplementation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2015n=35
In PCOS women, 8 weeks of selenium 200 mcg/day improved glucose homeostasis and lipid concentrations versus placebo in this randomized trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 35
- Ages
- 18–40
Vitamin DView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking vitamin D supplements can help women with PCOS, especially those with low vitamin D, have better pregnancy chances and improve some hormone and metabolic problems.
- Studies show vitamin D increases pregnancy and ovulation rates, reduces the risk of early miscarriage and premature birth, and lowers male hormone levels and some reproductive hormones.
- Vitamin D doesn’t seem to improve fertilization success or reduce pregnancy complications like diabetes during pregnancy.
- Vitamin D with metformin may improve insulin resistance and lower body fat and testosterone better than metformin alone, but effect on menstrual cycle is less clear.
- Women with PCOS and normal vitamin D levels tend to have higher quality embryos and better chances of pregnancy.
Browse 7 studies·4 meta-analyses
MetaThe impact of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control and lipid metabolism in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials2025n=691
A systematic review of PCOS RCTs found vitamin D supplementation improved metabolic parameters including glucose, insulin, and lipids in polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 691
- Ages
- 18+
MetaEffect of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile, and hormonal functions in polycystic ovary syndrome: An umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis2024
An umbrella meta-analysis of 15 PCOS meta-analyses found vitamin D significantly reduced triglycerides and improved several hormonal and metabolic outcomes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- PCOS patients
RCTEffects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial2024n=29
In a 60-patient PCOS RCT, 2,000 IU/day vitamin D for 12 weeks raised 25(OH)D but did not significantly change BMI, glucose tolerance, or lipid profiles versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 2000 IU/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 29
- Ages
- 21–34
MetaEfficacy of metformin combined with vitamin D in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome: A meta-analysis2024
A meta-analysis of 9 PCOS RCTs found metformin plus vitamin D lowered HOMA-IR and BMI more than metformin alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
MetaEffects of vitamin D supplementation on ovulation and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis2023n=1,961
A meta-analysis of 20 PCOS RCTs (1,961 women) found vitamin D supplementation increased pregnancy rate (RR 1.44), ovulation rate (RR 1.42), and mature oocyte rate.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 1,961
Vitamin D improves in-vitro fertilization outcomes in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance2019n=305
In 305 PCOS women undergoing IVF, vitamin D repletion before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was associated with improved fertilization and pregnancy outcomes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 305
MetaEffect of vitamin D supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2017n=502
A meta-analysis of 9 PCOS RCTs (502 women) found vitamin D improved dominant follicle development (OR 2.34) and menstrual regularity when combined with metformin.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 502
QuercetinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking quercetin by mouth helps women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- Some studies show that taking 1000 mg daily for 12 weeks can lower testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels and improve insulin resistance in some women with PCOS.
- However, these effects vary depending on individual insulin levels.
- In a small study of women with PCOS and infertility, taking 500 mg daily for 40 days improved pregnancy rates and egg quality during fertility treatment compared to placebo.
- More research is needed.
Browse 3 studies
RCTQuercetin and polycystic ovary syndrome; inflammation, hormonal parameters and pregnancy outcome: A randomized clinical trial2022n=72
In 72 women with PCOS, 500 mg/day quercetin for 40 days lowered LH, TNF-α, and IL-6 and improved oocyte and embryo grade and pregnancy rate versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 40 days
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 72
RCTThe effects of quercetin supplementation on metabolic and hormonal parameters as well as plasma concentration and gene expression of resistin in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome2018
In 78 overweight women with PCOS, 1000 mg/day quercetin for 12 weeks lowered resistin, testosterone, and LH versus placebo, with modest metabolic improvements within the quercetin group.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Ages
- 20–40
RCTEffects of Quercetin on Adiponectin-Mediated Insulin Sensitivity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Clinical Trial2017
In women with PCOS, 1 g/day quercetin for 12 weeks slightly raised adiponectin, lowered testosterone and LH, and reduced HOMA-IR versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1 g/day
- Population
- Women
Acetyl-L-CarnitineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if acetyl-L-carnitine helps women with PCOS.
- One study showed taking it along with diabetes medicines metformin and pioglitazone for 12 weeks improved menstrual cycles and insulin resistance.
- The study's design limits certainty about acetyl-L-carnitine's role.
Browse 1 study
RCTAcetyl-L-carnitine ameliorates metabolic and endocrine alterations in women with PCOS: a double-blind randomized clinical trial2021n=75
An RCT in 147 women with PCOS found adding acetyl-L-carnitine to metformin plus pioglitazone for 12 weeks improved insulin, adiponectin, body circumference, and restored regular menses in 97% versus 13% on metformin alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 75
FlaxseedView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), taking 30 grams of flaxseed every day for 12 weeks together with lifestyle advice helped lower triglycerides and insulin levels and improved the body’s response to insulin.
- About two out of three women who started the study with irregular periods had regular cycles by the end, while no real improvement was seen in the control group.
- Flaxseed did not change body weight, “bad” cholesterol (LDL), or blood sugar levels.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe effects of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic status in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized open-labeled controlled clinical trial2020n=41
In a 12-week open-label RCT of 41 PCOS patients (ages 18–45), 30 g/day flaxseed powder plus lifestyle modification reduced body weight, insulin, and HOMA-IR versus lifestyle modification alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 30 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 41
- Ages
- 18–45
Flaxseed OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In women with PCOS, taking flaxseed oil for 6 to 12 weeks helped lower blood triglyceride and insulin levels, especially when combined with metformin.
- It did not change weight, blood sugar, hormone levels, or cholesterol.
- More research is needed to fully understand these effects.
Browse 2 studies
RCTThe Effects of Flaxseed Oil Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Metabolic Status of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial2017n=30
In 60 women with PCOS over 12 weeks, flaxseed oil omega-3s 2,000 mg/day lowered insulin, HOMA-IR, hirsutism scores, and triglycerides versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTMetabolic and endocrine effects of long-chain versus essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in polycystic ovary syndrome2011n=51
In 51 women with PCOS over 6 weeks, 3.5 g/day fish oil or flaxseed oil both lowered triglycerides; fish oil worsened some glucose tolerance indices versus soybean oil placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 3.5 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 51
GarlicView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It’s not clear yet whether garlic supplements are helpful for women with PCOS.
- Preliminary research shows that taking 800 mg of garlic daily for about two months may lower “bad” cholesterol (LDL) by around 8%.
- Garlic may also slightly reduce body weight and waist size, but it doesn’t seem to change hip size.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe effect of garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation on the lipid parameters and blood pressure levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial2021n=80
In 80 women with PCOS, 800 mg/day garlic for 8 weeks significantly improved lipid parameters and blood pressure versus placebo in a double-blind RCT.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 80
GingerView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Early research on polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is limited.
- A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial comparing cinnamon, ginger, and metformin versus placebo in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, assessing metabolic, anthropometric, and sex hormone outcomes.
- More studies are needed before any benefit can be considered reliable.
Browse 1 study
RCTA comparison of the effects of cinnamon, ginger, and metformin consumption on metabolic health, anthropometric indices, and sexual hormone levels in women with poly cystic ovary syndrome: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial2022n=83
In 83 women with PCOS, ginger 1500 mg/day for 8 weeks significantly improved lipid profile and hormonal markers versus placebo, with effects differing from cinnamon and metformin.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 83
- Ages
- 20–40
InulinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In women with PCOS who were overweight or obese, taking inulin or a mix of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides daily for 12 weeks did not lower blood pressure compared with placebo.
- The study results are less certain because it included women both with and without high blood pressure.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffects of inulin-type fructans with different degrees of polymerization on inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2022n=68
In 68 women with PCOS over 12 weeks, inulin-type fructans (10 g/day) reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 10 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 68
Maitake MushroomView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Maitake mushroom may help improve ovulation in women with PCOS, but it is less effective than the medication clomiphene.
- After 12 weeks, about 42% of women taking maitake mushroom had ovulation cycles, compared to 70% taking clomiphene.
- Using both maitake mushroom and clomiphene together helped most women who did not respond to either alone.
Browse 1 study
RCTMaitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) extract induces ovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a possible monotherapy and a combination therapy after failure with first-line clomiphene citrate2010n=80
An open-label RCT of 80 PCOS patients found Maitake mushroom extract induced ovulation in 76.9% as monotherapy and restored ovulation in most clomiphene non-responders when combined.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 80
NattokinaseView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if nattokinase has any benefit for polycystic ovary syndrome.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Metabolic Status of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome2016n=35
In 70 women with PCOS, 50 mg/day soy isoflavones for 12 weeks lowered insulin, HOMA-IR, and free testosterone and raised insulin sensitivity vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 50 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 35
- Ages
- 18–40
Vitamin B9 (Folate)View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking folic acid helps women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
- One study found that taking folic acid supplements for 8 weeks slightly lowered levels of a chemical called homocysteine and improved insulin resistance, but only at higher doses did it also reduce some cholesterol levels.
- Another study found that taking folic acid for 6 months did not change blood sugar, cholesterol, or hormone levels in women with PCOS who were also taking metformin.
Browse 2 studies
RCTMetabolic response to folate supplementation in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial2014n=27
An RCT in 81 obese women with PCOS found 5 mg/day folate for 8 weeks lowered homocysteine, insulin resistance, and cholesterol versus 1 mg/day or placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 1 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 27
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTEffects of metformin with or without supplementation with folate on homocysteine levels and vascular endothelium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome2010n=50
In 50 women with PCOS on metformin 1,700 mg/day, adding 400 µg/day folic acid offset metformin-induced homocysteine rise and improved vascular endothelial function.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 700 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 50
Vitamin KView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It’s not clear if vitamin K helps with PCOS.
- In one small study, taking vitamin K2 (90 mcg a day) for 8 weeks didn’t change blood sugar, acne, excess hair growth, or weight.
- It did, however, improve mood and seemed to lower fasting insulin levels compared with a placebo.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEffect of vitamin K2 administration on depression status in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial2022n=42
In an RCT of 42 participants, 90 mcg/day, for 8 weeks, trial registration The present study was registered at http://www.IRCT.ir on 06/06/2018 (registration number: IRCT20170916036204N5).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 90 mcg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 42
- Ages
- 18–40
RCTBeneficial health effects of Menaquinone-7 on body composition, glycemic indices, lipid profile, and endocrine markers in polycystic ovary syndrome patients2020n=42
In an RCT of 42 participants, 90 µg menaquinone-7/day, for 8 weeks, therefore, it seems that MK-7 supplementation might be an appropriate additive treatment for PCOS patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 90 µg menaquinone-7/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 42
- Ages
- 18–40
BiotinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- No summary available.
Browse 1 study
ObservationalEfficacy of combination therapy of inositols, antioxidants and vitamins in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational study2019
In women with PCOS, 12 weeks of combined myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, chromium, NAC, lycopene, vitamin D, biotin, and folic acid improved menstrual cyclicity, acne, hirsutism, and weight in obese but not lean patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
Vitex agnus-castusView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Vitex agnus-castus alone has not been tested for PCOS.
- However, in women with PCOS and irregular periods, a traditional herbal combination including vitex, fennel, and wild carrot improved menstrual bleeding and cycle regularity after 3 months.
- This improvement was similar to metformin, a common PCOS treatment, and using the herbs with metformin did not add extra benefit.
- The herbs were taken as capsules twice daily except during their period.
Browse 1 study
Open-labelEffect of Aslagh Capsule, a Traditional Compound Herbal Product on Oligomenorrhea in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Three-Arm, Open-label, Randomized, Controlled Trial2019n=50
In an open-label trial of 50 participants, occurrence of menstrual bleeding was 87.2% in all patients, with no significant difference between the three groups (P> 0.05).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 50
- Ages
- 18–43
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inositol | ★★★★★88% | 25 | 5 | 23% |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★68% | 12 | 4 | 11% |
| Chromium | ★★★★★52% | 8 | 0 | 7% |
| Selenium | ★★★★★52% | 8 | 3 | 7% |
| Berberine | ★★★★★72% | 7 | 2 | 7% |
| L-Carnitine | ★★★★★72% | 7 | 2 | 7% |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★52% | 7 | 4 | 7% |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★52% | 5 | 1 | 5% |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★52% | 4 | 1 | 4% |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★72% | 4 | 2 | 4% |
| Quercetin | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★64% | 2 | 2 | 2% |
| Flaxseed Oil | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Biotin | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Garlic | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Ginger | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Inulin | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Maitake Mushroom | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Vitex agnus-castus | ★★★★★24% | 1 | 0 | <1% |