Stroke
Supplements studied for stroke.
Overview
Several supplements have been studied for stroke prevention and recovery, with varied results. Vitamin B9 (Folate) carries medium ratings and may slightly lower stroke risk, mainly in countries without folic acid fortification and in people with low folate, high homocysteine, or related risk factors. Ginkgo also carries medium ratings and may aid recovery after ischemic stroke when combined with standard treatment, including improved movement and daily functioning in some trials.
Vitamin B12, vitamin D, and green tea carry low ratings. Supplemental B12 has not clearly prevented stroke in most studies, though one review suggested a small reduction in at-risk groups. Vitamin D supplements do not appear to lower stroke risk despite links between low levels and higher risk. Green tea may modestly reduce stroke or post-stroke mortality at moderate intake, but findings are inconsistent. See the heatmap and evidence reviews below.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Ginkgo | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Potassium | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Caffeine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Berberine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin B12 | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Boswellia | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Black Tea | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Astragalus | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Red Yeast Rice | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Alpha-GPC | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Multivitamin | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Selenium | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Oleic Acid | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
23 supplements for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
GinkgoView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Some research suggests that ginkgo may help with recovery after a stroke.
- For people who had an ischemic stroke (caused by a blocked blood vessel), taking ginkgo along with standard treatment may improve recovery of movement and daily functioning.
- A very large study in China tested an intravenous form of ginkgo given for 14 days and found that more people had good recovery at 3 months compared with those who got placebo.
- Some also showed small improvements in memory and thinking.
- Regular medicines such as blood thinners, cholesterol drugs, and blood pressure medicines were still used in both groups.
- For hemorrhagic stroke (caused by bleeding in the brain), ginkgo used with standard care for a short period (about 1–3 weeks) helped improve movement, thinking, and daily activity in some studies, but the quality of these studies was not very strong.
- Ginkgo, especially in intravenous form, may modestly improve recovery after a stroke when used with regular medical care.
- However, most of the research comes from China, and more high-quality studies are needed to know how well it works and whether results apply to people in other settings.
Browse 9 studies·7 meta-analyses
MetaGinkgo diterpene lactone meglumine for functional recovery in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis2025n=4,041
A meta-analysis of RCTs (4041 AIS patients) found ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine improved functional recovery after acute ischemic stroke versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 4,041
RCTChinese herbal medicine Ginkgo biloba L. preparations for ischemic stroke: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses2024
An overview of systematic reviews found Ginkgo biloba preparations as adjunct therapy may improve functional outcomes in ischemic stroke, but review quality was variable.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaEfficacy and safety of standardized Ginkgo biloba extract as adjuvant therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis2024
A meta-analysis of 19 RCTs found standardized Ginkgo biloba extract as adjunct therapy improved neurological function in intracerebral hemorrhage versus conventional treatment alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
RCTEfficacy of ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine on cognitive function in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a predefined exploratory analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial2024n=3,163
In a predefined analysis of 3163 acute ischemic stroke patients, ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine improved MoCA cognitive scores versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 3,163
RCTEfficacy and Safety of Ginkgo Diterpene Lactone Meglumine in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial2023n=3,448
In a multicenter RCT of 3448 acute ischemic stroke patients, ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine for 14 days improved 90-day functional outcomes versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 14 days
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 3,448
- Ages
- 18–80
RCTThe Clinical Efficacy of Ginkgo biloba Leaf Preparation on Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021
A systematic review of RCTs found Ginkgo biloba leaf preparations as adjunct therapy improved neurological deficit scores in ischemic stroke versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaEfficacy and Safety of Ginkgo biloba in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2020n=1,466
A meta-analysis of RCTs (1466 patients) found Ginkgo biloba improved neurological deficit scores in acute ischemic stroke versus control, with acceptable safety.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,466
MetaGinkgol Biloba extract as an adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2020n=1,829
A meta-analysis of RCTs (1829 ischemic stroke patients) found Ginkgo biloba extract during convalescence improved neurological function versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,829
MetaGinkgo biloba for acute ischaemic stroke2005n=792
A Cochrane meta-analysis of RCTs (792 patients) found Ginkgo biloba extract did not improve functional outcome at 1 month in acute ischemic stroke versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 14–35 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 792
Vitamin B9 (Folate)View supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking folic acid supplements can slightly lower the risk of stroke, but the benefit is mostly seen in countries that do not add folic acid to foods.
- The effect is strongest for people who have low folate or vitamin B12, high cholesterol, or high homocysteine.
- In countries where most people get extra folic acid from bread or cereals, folic acid supplements do not seem to help prevent strokes for most people.
- Some special groups may benefit, but more research is needed.
Browse 18 studies·13 meta-analyses
MetaFolic acid supplementation for stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 randomized clinical trials worldwide2024n=115,559
A meta-analysis of 21 RCTs (115,559 participants) found folic acid supplementation reduced stroke risk by 10%, with greater benefit in regions without grain fortification.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 115,559
RCTEffect of Vitamin B6, B9, and B12 Supplementation on Homocysteine Level and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2021n=8,513
A meta-analysis of 8513 participants found that risk ratio (RR) was calculated for determining the risk of stroke, major cardiovascular disorder, and vascular death by using a fixed-effect model.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 8,513
MetaThe effect of folic acid in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis2019n=47,523
A meta-analysis of 47523 participants found that our meta-analysis showed that cardiovascular patients who received folic acid therapy had significantly decreased risk of stroke (RR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.77-0.94, Pheterogeneity = .347, I = 10.6%) compared with patients who received control treatment.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with cardiovascular disease
- Participants
- 47,523
MetaSupplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment2018
A systematic review found moderate evidence for folic acid/B-vitamin cardiovascular benefits but no clear preventive benefit from calcium, vitamin D, multivitamins, or selenium on CVD or all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
MetaB vitamins in stroke prevention: time to reconsider2017
A meta-analysis found that the potential benefits of B vitamin therapy with folic acid and methylcobalamin or hydroxycobalamin, instead of cyanocobalamin, to lower homocysteine concentrations in people at high risk of stroke warrant further investigation.
- Effect
- Benefit
MetaFolic Acid Supplementation for Stroke Prevention in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease2017n=65,790
A meta-analysis of 65790 participants found that folic acid supplementation was associated with a significant benefit in reducing the risk of stroke in patients with CVD (RR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.84-0.97; P = 0.005).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with cardiovascular disease
- Participants
- 65,790
MetaHomocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events2017n=3,929
A meta-analysis of 3929 participants found that compared with placebo, homocysteine-lowering interventions were associated with reduced stroke outcome (homocysteine-lowering = 4.3% versus comparator = 5.1%, RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99, I 2 = 8%, 10 trials, N = 44,224; high-quality evidence).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 12 g/day
- Population
- Patients With And Without Pre-Existing Cardiovascular Disease
- Participants
- 3,929
MetaMeta-analysis of folic acid efficacy trials in stroke prevention: Insight into effect modifiers2017n=82
A meta-analysis of 22 trials (82,723 participants) found folic acid reduced stroke risk 11% overall, with stronger effects in low-folate regions without fortification.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 0.8 mg/day
- Participants
- 82
MetaFolic Acid Supplementation and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2016n=334
A meta-analysis of 334 studies found that the pooled relative risks of folic acid supplementation compared with controls were 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.96; P=0.002) for stroke, 1.04 (95% CI 0.99-1.09; P=0.16) for coronary heart disease, and 0.96 (95% CI 0.92-0.99; P=0.02) for overall CVD.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 334
RCTFolic Acid Therapy Reduces the First Stroke Risk Associated With Hypercholesterolemia Among Hypertensive Patients2016
A CSPPT subgroup analysis in hypertensive adults found folic acid plus enalapril reduced first stroke risk 31% among those with total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 0.8 mg folic acid + 10 mg enalapril/day
- Population
- Adults
RCTEfficacy of folic acid therapy in primary prevention of stroke among adults with hypertension in China: the CSPPT randomized clinical trial2015n=10
The CSPPT in 20,702 hypertensive Chinese adults found enalapril plus 0.8 mg/day folic acid reduced first stroke versus enalapril alone over 4.5 years (HR 0.79).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 0.8 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 10
RCTAntiplatelet therapy and the effects of B vitamins in patients with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack: a post-hoc subanalysis of VITATOPS, a randomised, placebo-controlled trial2012n=8,164
A VITATOPS post-hoc analysis of 8,164 stroke/TIA patients found B vitamins (folic acid, B6, B12) reduced vascular events only in those not on antiplatelet therapy (HR 0.76).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 500 µg vitamin B12/day
- Population
- Patients With Previous Stroke Or Transient
- Participants
- 8,164
MetaEfficacy of folic acid supplementation in cardiovascular disease prevention: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2012n=58,804
A meta-analysis of 58804 participants found that pooling the RRs showed that folic acid supplementation was not associated with any significant change in the risk of CVD (RR 0.98, 0.95 to 1.02; p=0.36), CHD (RR 1.03, 0.98 to 1.08; p=0.23), and all-cause mortality (RR 1.00, 0.96 to 1.04; p=0.92), but was linked to a.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Participants
- 58,804
MetaEfficacy of folic acid supplementation in stroke prevention: new insight from a meta-analysis2012n=55
A meta-analysis of 55,764 participants found folic acid reduced stroke risk 8% overall and 11% in populations without folic acid fortification.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 0.4–0.8 mg/day
- Participants
- 55
MetaEffect modification by population dietary folate on the association between MTHFR genotype, homocysteine, and stroke risk: a meta-analysis of genetic studies and randomised trials2011n=59,995
A genetic meta-analysis of 59,995 individuals found MTHFR-stroke associations were stronger in low-folate Asia; homocysteine-lowering trials showed no benefit in fortified populations.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 59,995
MetaEfficacy of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic Acid in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis2010n=5
A meta-analysis of 13 RCTs (39,005 participants) found folic acid trended toward stroke benefit overall; significant 11% reduction in primary prevention trials (RR 0.89).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 5
MetaEfficacy of folic acid supplementation in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis2007
A meta-analysis of 8 folic acid RCTs found supplementation reduced stroke risk 18%, with greater benefit over 36 months and without grain fortification.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 36 months
RCTLowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial2004n=1,853
A randomized trial of 1853 adults found that 2.5 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day for 2 years a 3- micromol/L lower total homocysteine level was associated with a 10% lower risk of stroke (P =.05), a 26% lower risk of CHD events (P<.001), and a 16% lower risk of death (P =.001) in the low-dose group and a nonsignificantly lower risk in the high-dose gro
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 2 years
- Dose
- 2.5 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,853
Vitamin DView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Studies show that having low vitamin D levels is linked to a higher chance of stroke, and eating more vitamin D through diet is linked to lower stroke risk.
- However, taking vitamin D supplements does not seem to lower the risk of stroke, based on current studies.
- Most studies did not check vitamin D levels before people started supplements which reduces confidence in these findings.
- It is still unclear if vitamin D supplements can help prevent strokes in those who have low vitamin D. More research is needed.
Browse 11 studies·6 meta-analyses
MetaVitamin D Supplementation and Its Impact on Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 80 Randomized Clinical Trials2023n=82,210
A meta-analysis of 80 RCTs (163,131 adults) found vitamin D associated with slightly lower all-cause mortality (OR 0.95) but no significant reduction in cardiovascular morbidity or mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 82,210
- Ages
- 18+
MetaAssociation between Vitamin D and Risk of Stroke: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021n=213,276
A meta-analysis of 213,276 participants found higher vitamin D status associated with lower stroke risk in observational studies.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 213,276
ObservationalRelationship Between Dietary Vitamin D and Deaths From Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study2018n=547
A prospective study of 58,646 Japanese adults found higher dietary vitamin D intake inversely associated with stroke and coronary heart disease mortality over ~19 years.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 440 IU/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 547
- Ages
- 40–79
MetaSupplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment2018
A systematic review found moderate evidence for folic acid/B-vitamin cardiovascular benefits but no clear preventive benefit from calcium, vitamin D, multivitamins, or selenium on CVD or all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- No Benefit
MetaSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular disease: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies2017n=180,667
A dose-response meta-analysis of 34 prospective studies (180,667 participants) found each 10 ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D associated with 10% lower total CVD events.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 180,667
MetaCardiovascular disease and vitamin D supplementation: trial analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis2014n=13
Analysis of RECORD and meta-analysis of 21 RCTs (13,033 adults) found vitamin D may protect against cardiac failure but not myocardial infarction or stroke.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 800 IU/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 13
- Ages
- 18+
MetaThe effect of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal, vascular, or cancer outcomes: a trial sequential meta-analysis2014n=3,853
Trial sequential meta-analysis concluded vitamin D supplementation is unlikely to reduce skeletal or non-skeletal outcomes by >15% in community-dwelling adults.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 3,853
MetaVitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults (Meta-Analysis)2014n=95,286
A Cochrane meta-analysis found vitamin D3 supplementation decreased mortality (RR 0.94) across trials, mainly in elderly women, though evidence quality varied.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 800 IU/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 95,286
- Ages
- 70+
Clinical trialIndependent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality2008n=737
In 3,258 patients undergoing coronary angiography followed 7.7 years, lowest quartile 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were independently associated with higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 737
- Avg age
- ~62
RCTCalcium/vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular events2007n=499
The Women's Health Initiative RCT in 36,282 postmenopausal women found calcium 500 mg plus vitamin D 200 IU twice daily did not reduce MI or stroke versus placebo over 7 years.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 400 IU/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 499
- Ages
- 50–79
ObservationalPrevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the United States: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2007n=7,902
In 15,088 NHANES III adults, lowest quartile 25(OH)D was associated with higher odds of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and high triglycerides in cross-sectional analysis.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 7,902
CaffeineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Caffeine’s effects on stroke risk appear mixed.
- Long-term coffee intake of about four or more cups a day has been linked to a lower risk of stroke.
- However, drinking coffee occasionally or suddenly in large amounts may temporarily raise stroke risk for some people, especially those who rarely consume caffeine.
- Studies show that caffeine can slightly reduce blood flow in the brain, though some early research suggests it may have protective effects when combined with other compounds.
- Overall, caffeine’s impact on stroke seems complex and may depend on habits and individual health factors.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaCoffee Consumption and Stroke Risk: A Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies2012
A meta-analysis of 9 cohort studies found highest vs lowest coffee intake was associated with 17% lower stroke risk (RR 0.83); benefit was seen at 4+ cups/day and for ischemic stroke and women.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTCoffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: the Stroke Onset Study2010n=390
In a case-crossover study of 390 people after acute ischemic stroke, coffee in the prior hour doubled stroke risk (RR 2.0), mainly among infrequent drinkers; tea and cola showed no similar effect.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Tinnitus patients
- Participants
- 390
RCTCaffeine reduces cerebral blood flow in patients recovering from an ischaemic stroke2004
In 19 stroke patients and 10 controls, a double-blind crossover trial found 250 mg caffeine significantly reduced cerebral blood flow and middle cerebral artery velocity vs placebo after 48-hour abstinence.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 250 mg/day
- Population
- Stroke recovery patients
RCTEthanol plus caffeine (caffeinol) for treatment of ischemic stroke: preclinical experience2003
In rat models of transient MCA occlusion, low-dose ethanol plus caffeine (caffeinol) reduced infarct volume 70–80% and improved behavior; chronic pretreatment eliminated benefit and pairing with hypothermia enhanced effect.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Dose
- 0.65 g/kg
- Population
- Tinnitus patients
Green TeaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It isn’t fully clear whether green tea lowers the chances of stroke or death after stroke.
- Some large Japanese studies suggest drinking 3–5 cups a day may lower the risk of dying from stroke, especially from blocked arteries (infarction) or bleeding in the brain.
- Other research shows that drinking 1–3 cups a day may lower the risk of stroke, but drinking more than 4 cups doesn’t add benefit.
- On average, each extra cup a day may lower stroke risk by about 6%.
- Drinking at least 2 cups of tea (green or black) a day may also lower stroke risk by about 16%.
- People who drank both tea and coffee daily saw even bigger reductions, and the combination—not tea alone—was linked with lower risk of dementia after stroke.
- For people who already had a stroke, drinking at least 3 cups a day was associated with living longer, cutting the risk of death by nearly half or more over 18 years.
Browse 8 studies·3 meta-analyses
MetaTea consumption and cerebral hemorrhage risk: a meta-analysis2022n=721,827
A meta-analysis of 721,827 participants found moderate tea consumption associated with lower cerebral hemorrhage risk.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 721,827
ObservationalConsumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank2021n=365,682
In 365,682 UK Biobank participants followed 11.4 years, 2–3 cups/day coffee plus 2–3 cups/day tea was associated with 32% lower stroke and 28% lower dementia risk versus non-consumers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 365,682
- Ages
- 50–74
ObservationalGreen Tea and Coffee Consumption and All-Cause Mortality Among Persons With and Without Stroke or Myocardial Infarction2021n=213
In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, green tea consumption was associated with lower all-cause mortality in stroke survivors but not clearly in MI survivors.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 213
- Ages
- 40–79
MetaDose-Response Relation between Tea Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies2020
A meta-analysis of 39 cohort studies found each cup/day of tea associated with ~4% lower CVD mortality, ~2% lower CVD events, ~4% lower stroke risk, and ~1.5% lower all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 338 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
ObservationalGreen tea consumption and mortality in Japanese men and women: a pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan2019
A pooled analysis of 8 Japanese cohorts (313,381 persons) found higher green tea consumption associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
MetaGreen tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular and ischemic related diseases: A meta-analysis2016n=259,267
A meta-analysis of observational studies (259,267 participants) linked higher green tea intake to lower risk of cardiovascular and ischemic disease.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 259,267
ObservationalGreen tea consumption and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in Japan: the Ohsaki study2006n=4,209
In the Ohsaki cohort of 40,530 Japanese adults followed up to 11 years, green tea consumption was associated with lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 7 years
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 4,209
- Ages
- 40–79
Possible contribution of green tea drinking habits to the prevention of stroke1989
Among 5,910 Japanese women aged 40+, those drinking more green tea had less stroke history, independent of age, residence, and salt intake.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Ages
- 40+
Olive OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In a clinical study with adults at high risk for heart disease, following a Mediterranean diet with extra virgin olive oil lowered the chance of stroke by 35% compared to a low-fat Mediterranean diet.
- Other studies in Europe found that people eating 20 to 30 grams of olive oil daily had about a 20% lower risk of stroke than those eating less than 10 grams.
- Eating more than 30 grams did not seem to provide extra benefits.
Browse 3 studies·1 meta-analysis
ObservationalOlive oil consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke2022n=747
In three cohorts (AWHS, SUN, EPIC-Spain), olive oil intake ≥30 g/day was associated with lower CVD and stroke risk, strongest for virgin olive oil.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 30 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 747
MetaMediterranean-style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease2019n=12,461
A Cochrane meta-analysis found Mediterranean-style diet interventions associated with reduced cardiovascular events in primary and secondary prevention populations vs minimal intervention.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 46 months
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 12,461
ObservationalPrimary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra-Virgin Olive Oil or Nuts2018n=7,447
A revised PREDIMED analysis of 7447 high-risk adults (ages 55–80) found a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts reduced major cardiovascular events over 4.8 years versus a low-fat control (HR 0.69 and 0.72).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 7,447
- Ages
- 55–80
PotassiumView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Eating foods rich in potassium and low in sodium may help reduce the risk of stroke.
- Studies show that increasing potassium intake by about 1 to 1.5 grams daily can lower stroke risk by up to 20%.
- Taking potassium supplements might reduce the risk of some types of stroke but not all.
- Using salt substitutes containing potassium instead of regular salt may also lower stroke and heart event rates.
- More research is needed to confirm these effects.
Browse 4 studies·2 meta-analyses
RCTEffect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death2021
In 20,995 rural Chinese adults, salt substitute (75% NaCl/25% KCl) for 4.74 years reduced stroke (RR 0.86), major cardiovascular events (RR 0.87), and death (RR 0.88) versus regular salt.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Ages
- 60+
MetaAssociation between intakes of magnesium, potassium, and calcium and risk of stroke: 2 cohorts of US women and updated meta-analyses2015n=86,149
In 86,149 Nurses' Health Study I and 94,715 NHS II participants, highest magnesium and potassium intake quintiles associated with 11–13% lower stroke risk over 22–30 years follow-up.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 86,149
- Ages
- 22–30
MetaPotassium-rich diet and risk of stroke: updated meta-analysis2014n=333,250
A meta-analysis of 14 cohorts (333,250 participants) found higher potassium intake associated with 20% lower stroke risk (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.72–0.90).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 333,250
RCTAre low intakes of calcium and potassium important causes of cardiovascular disease?2001
A review argued combined calcium and potassium deficiencies in Western diets contribute importantly to cardiovascular disease beyond single-nutrient effects.
BerberineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if berberine helps in acute ischemic stroke.
- A review of small studies found that taking berberine with usual treatment for up to 6 months lowered stroke severity, inflammation, and some blood fats better than usual treatment alone.
- The quality of these studies was low and varied widely.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis2023n=1,670
A meta-analysis of 17 acute ischemic stroke trials in 1,670 patients found adjunct berberine reduced NIHSS, inflammation markers, triglycerides, LDL, and carotid plaque burden versus conventional care.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with acute ischemic stroke
- Participants
- 1,670
Vitamin KView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Eating more foods rich in vitamin K1 does not seem to reduce the risk of having a stroke, according to research in large populations.
- There is no clear evidence that vitamin K1 helps prevent strokes.
Browse 1 study
Systematic reviewIs vitamin K consumption associated with cardio-metabolic disorders? A systematic review2010
In a systematic review in adults, currently there is no evidence for an effect of vitamin K1, but results for vitamin K2 look promising.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
Acetyl-L-CarnitineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking acetyl-L-carnitine by mouth or feeding tube shortly after a stroke may help improve recovery.
- More than half of the people who took it had no symptoms or disability after 3 months, compared to about one-third who took a placebo.
Browse 1 study
RCTClinical evidence of acetyl-L-carnitine efficacy in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a pilot clinical trial2022
A pilot RCT in 69 acute ischemic stroke patients found acetyl-L-carnitine 1000 mg three times daily for 3 days improved NIHSS and mRS at 90 days, with 52.9% achieving mRS 0–1 versus 28.6% on placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 days
- Dose
- 3000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with acute ischemic stroke
- Ages
- 18+
AstragalusView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In a clinical trial, stroke patients who took Astragalus herb for two weeks showed better physical function and recovery scores four and twelve weeks after stroke than those who took a placebo.
- Astragralus was safe and might help improve recovery after a hemorrhagic stroke, but more research with larger groups is required.
Browse 1 study
RCTChinese Herb Astragalus membranaceus Enhances Recovery of Hemorrhagic Stroke: Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study2012n=68
A double-blind RCT of 68 hemorrhagic stroke patients (ages 30–75) found 3 g astragalus three times daily for 14 days improved functional independence and Glasgow outcome scores versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 14 days
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Pregnant women
- Participants
- 68
- Ages
- 30–75
Black TeaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if drinking black tea lowers the risk of stroke or dying from stroke.
- Some studies show people who drink two or more cups of tea daily, including black tea, have a 16% lower chance of having a stroke compared to those who don’t drink tea.
- Drinking both tea and coffee (2–3 cups each daily) is linked to a 38% lower stroke risk.
- Drinking small amounts of coffee with tea may also reduce the risk of dementia after a stroke by 50%.
Browse 3 studies
ObservationalTea Consumption and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in the UK Biobank: A Prospective Cohort Study2022n=43
In 498,043 UK Biobank adults followed 11.2 years, drinking ≥2 cups/day tea was modestly associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.87–0.89 for 2–7 cups) and lower CVD, ischemic heart disease, and stroke mortality.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 43
- Ages
- 40–69
ObservationalConsumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank2021n=365,682
In 365,682 UK Biobank participants followed 11.4 years, 2–3 cups/day coffee plus 2–3 cups/day tea was associated with 32% lower stroke and 28% lower dementia risk versus non-consumers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 365,682
- Ages
- 50–74
ObservationalDietary flavonoids, antioxidant vitamins, and incidence of stroke: the Zutphen study1996n=552
In 552 Zutphen men followed 15 years, flavonoid intake (70% from black tea) was inversely associated with stroke incidence; drinking ≥4.7 cups/day tea versus <2.6 cups/day had stroke RR 0.31 (95% CI 0.12–0.84).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 28.6 mg/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 552
- Ages
- 50–69
BoswelliaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A 2019 clinical study involving 80 people recovering from an ischemic stroke found that boswellic acids, found in the Boswellia tree, helped improve brain and nerve function within one month.
- The treatment also reduced several inflammation-related markers in the blood, suggesting anti-inflammatory benefits during recovery.
Browse 1 study
RCTFunctional improvement and immune-inflammatory cytokines profile of ischaemic stroke patients after treatment with boswellic acids: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial2019n=80
In 80 ischemic stroke patients (NIHSS 4–20), boswellic acid supplementation for 1 month significantly improved NIHSS neurological scores and reduced plasma TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2 versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 1 month
- Population
- Stroke patients
- Participants
- 80
- Ages
- 40–80
Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear whether branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplements help people recover after a stroke.
- One small study in elderly stroke patients undergoing rehab showed that taking BCAAs twice daily for one month modestly improved muscle strength, walking, balance, swallowing, and hand grip compared to rehab alone.
- Another study suggested that taking BCAAs with breakfast helped leg strength and balance more than taking them after exercise, but overall muscle growth did not differ.
- BCAAs may support muscle maintenance and function during stroke recovery when combined with rehabilitation, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits.
Browse 2 studies
RCTThe effect of branched chain amino acid supplementation on stroke-related sarcopenia2022n=54
An RCT of 54 subacute stroke patients found 1 month of BCAA powder during inpatient rehab improved skeletal muscle index and functional recovery more than standard nutrition alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 1 month
- Population
- Stroke patients
- Participants
- 54
RCTThe effects of timing of a leucine-enriched amino acid supplement on body composition and physical function in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial2020n=23
An RCT of 46 stroke patients found leucine-enriched amino acid taken with breakfast for 2 months improved body fat, leg press strength, and balance more than post-exercise dosing.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Population
- Stroke patients
- Participants
- 23
- Ages
- 40–49
NattokinaseView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if nattokinase has any benefit for stroke.
Browse 1 study
RCTSoymilk ingestion immediately after therapeutic exercise enhances rehabilitation outcomes in chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial2019n=11
In 22 chronic stroke patients, 8 weeks of rehabilitation plus soymilk after exercise improved grip strength, walking speed, and 6-minute walk distance vs rehabilitation plus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Stroke patients
- Participants
- 11
- Ages
- 57–84
Vitamin B12View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking vitamin B12, alone or with other B vitamins, helps prevent stroke.
- Studies have found that eating more vitamin B12 does not lower the risk of stroke.
- Many studies also show that taking folic acid, vitamin B6, and B12 supplements does not reduce stroke risk in people who have heart or kidney problems.
- But a recent review of many studies found that B vitamin supplements may slightly lower the chance of having a stroke by about 10% in people at risk or who have heart disease.
- Another review found that these supplements may reduce the risk of stroke coming back and death from blood vessel problems by about 11–13% in people who already had a stroke.
- Experts are still unsure which B vitamins work best and who benefits most.
Browse 15 studies·9 meta-analyses
RCTEffect of Vitamin B6, B9, and B12 Supplementation on Homocysteine Level and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2021n=8,513
A meta-analysis of 8513 participants found that risk ratio (RR) was calculated for determining the risk of stroke, major cardiovascular disorder, and vascular death by using a fixed-effect model.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 8,513
MetaB vitamins in stroke prevention: time to reconsider2017
A meta-analysis found that the potential benefits of B vitamin therapy with folic acid and methylcobalamin or hydroxycobalamin, instead of cyanocobalamin, to lower homocysteine concentrations in people at high risk of stroke warrant further investigation.
- Effect
- Benefit
MetaHomocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events2017n=3,929
A meta-analysis of 3929 participants found that compared with placebo, homocysteine-lowering interventions were associated with reduced stroke outcome (homocysteine-lowering = 4.3% versus comparator = 5.1%, RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99, I 2 = 8%, 10 trials, N = 44,224; high-quality evidence).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 12 g/day
- Population
- Patients With And Without Pre-Existing Cardiovascular Disease
- Participants
- 3,929
MetaEfficacy of Supplementation with B Vitamins for Stroke Prevention: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2015n=393
A meta-analysis of 393 studies found that the risk of stroke was lower with folic acid plus vitamin B6 as compared with folic acid plus vitamin B12 and was lower with folic acid plus vitamin B6 plus vitamin B12 as compared with placebo or folic acid plus vitamin B12.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 393
RCTEffects of vitamin B12 supplementation on cognition, depression, and fatigue in patients with lacunar stroke2013
A randomized study in lacunar stroke patients finding that B12 supplementation improved biochemical status but produced limited changes in cognition, fatigue, or depressive symptoms. A study of 14 stroke patients found that vitamin B12 (1 mg/day hydroxocobalamine for at least 3 months administered by general practitioner) led to a significant improvement in verbal learning in 43% of patients. Vitamin B12 did not improve depression or fatigue.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with depression
MetaEfficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials2013n=294,478
A meta-analysis of 294478 participants found that in a fixed effect meta-analysis of the 50 trials, supplementation with vitamins and antioxidants was not associated with reductions in the risk of major cardiovascular events (relative risk 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.02; I(2)=42%).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Participants
- 294,478
MetaVitamin B supplementation, homocysteine levels, and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis2013n=54,913
A meta-analysis of 54913 participants found that we observed a reduction in overall stroke events resulting from reduction in homocysteine levels following B vitamin supplementation (RR 0.93; 95% CI 0.86-1.00; p = 0.04) but not in subgroups divided according to primary or secondary prevention measures, ischemic vs.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 54,913
RCTB vitamins in patients with recent transient ischaemic attack or stroke in the VITAmins TO Prevent Stroke (VITATOPS) trial: a randomised, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial2010n=4,089
A randomized trial of 4089 found that 2 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 500 µg vitamin B12/day patients were followed up for a median duration of 3.4 years (IQR 2.0-5.5). 616 (15%) patients assigned to B vitamins and 678 (17%) assigned to placebo reached the primary endpoint (risk ratio [RR] 0.91, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.00, p=0.05; absolute risk reduction 1.56%, -0.01 to 3.16).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 500 µg vitamin B12/day
- Population
- Stroke and TIA patients
- Participants
- 4,089
MetaCombined analyses and extended follow-up of two randomized controlled homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin trials2010n=6,837
A meta-analysis of 6837 participants found that 40 mg for 1–2 months folic acid plus vitamin B12 treatment lowered homocysteine levels by 25% but did not influence MACE incidence (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.95-1.21) during 39 months of follow-up, or cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.95-1.31) during 78 months of.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 1–2 months
- Dose
- 40 mg
- Population
- Patients With Ischaemic Heart Disease
- Participants
- 6,837
MetaHomocysteine lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events2009n=24,210
A meta-analysis of 24210 participants found that hLI did not reduce the risk of non-fatal or fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or death by any cause (pooled RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.13, I(2) = 0%; pooled RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.08, I(2) = 15%); and pooled RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.09, I(2): 0%), respectively.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Patients with heart failure
- Participants
- 24,210
MetaThe effect of long-term homocysteine-lowering on carotid intima-media thickness and flow-mediated vasodilation in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis2008
A meta-analysis found that 2 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day although short-term treatment with B-vitamins is associated with increased FMD, long-term homocysteine-lowering did not significantly improve FMD or CIMT in people with a history of stroke.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 2 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day
- Population
- Stroke patients
- Ages
- 18–65
RCTHomocysteine lowering and cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction2006n=3,749
A randomized trial of 3749 adults found that 0.8 mg folic acid + 0.4 mg vitamin B12 + 40 mg vitamin B6/day the mean total homocysteine level was lowered by 27 percent among patients given folic acid plus vitamin B12, but such treatment had no significant effect on the primary end point (risk ratio, 1.08; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.93 to 1.25; P=0.31).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 40 months
- Dose
- 0.8 mg folic acid + 0.4 mg vitamin B12 + 40 mg vitamin B6/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 3,749
Folate, vitamin B12, and risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: a prospective, nested case-referent study of plasma concentrations and dietary intake2005
A study found that plasma folate was statistically significantly associated with risk of hemorrhagic stroke in an inverse linear manner, both in univariate analysis and after adjustment for conventional risk factors including hypertension (odds ratio [OR] for highest versus lowest quartile 0.21.
- Effect
- No Benefit
RCTLowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) randomized controlled trial2004n=1,853
A randomized trial of 1853 adults found that 2.5 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day for 2 years a 3- micromol/L lower total homocysteine level was associated with a 10% lower risk of stroke (P =.05), a 26% lower risk of CHD events (P<.001), and a 16% lower risk of death (P =.001) in the low-dose group and a nonsignificantly lower risk in the high-dose gro
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 2 years
- Dose
- 2.5 mg folic acid + 25 mg vitamin B6 + 0.5 mg vitamin B12/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,853
The challenge of stroke prevention2004
A study found that the challenge of stroke prevention..
Alpha-GPCView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking alpha-GPC by injection then orally for several months after a stroke or mini-stroke might help improve thinking and behavior, but studies did not compare it to no treatment or other therapies.
- Some research in healthy older adults found that long-term alpha-GPC use might increase the risk of having a stroke.
- Longer use may mean higher risk.
Browse 2 studies
ObservationalAssociation of L-α Glycerylphosphorylcholine With Subsequent Stroke Risk After 10 Years2021n=108
Retrospective cohort in adults 50+ found alpha-GPC prescription use was associated with higher 10-year stroke risk in a dose-response manner after matching covariates.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 10 years
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 108
- Ages
- 50+
Clinical trialα-Glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks. An Italian multicenter clinical trial1994n=2,044
Open multicenter trial in 2044 post-stroke or TIA patients given 1000 mg/day IM then 400 mg TID orally for 28 days reported significant cognitive recovery with 2.14% adverse events.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 28 days
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Stroke or TIA patients
- Participants
- 2,044
Red Yeast RiceView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear if taking red yeast rice lowers the chance of having a stroke.
- A study of adults in Taiwan found that people taking a red yeast rice product called LipoCol Forte had a 35% lower risk of stroke than those not taking it.
- But the people using red yeast rice were also less likely to have other health problems like high blood pressure or diabetes, so it’s not certain if red yeast rice itself caused the lower risk.
- More research is needed.
Browse 1 study
ObservationalDecreased Risk of Stroke in People Using Red Yeast Rice Prescriptions (LipoCol Forte®): a Total Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study2022n=34,723
In 34,723 Taiwanese adults matched to lovastatin users, red yeast rice prescription (LipoCol Forte) was associated with lower incident stroke risk over follow-up.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 34,723
- Ages
- 20+
MultivitaminView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear whether taking multivitamins helps prevent stroke.
- Studies show that taking multivitamins daily for several years does not lower the risk of having a stroke or dying from a stroke.
- Differences in health conditions and vitamin types in the studies make these findings uncertain.
Browse 1 study
MetaSupplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment2018
A systematic review found moderate evidence for folic acid/B-vitamin cardiovascular benefits but no clear preventive benefit from calcium, vitamin D, multivitamins, or selenium on CVD or all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- No Benefit
Oleic AcidView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear if taking oleic acid helps prevent stroke.
- People with the highest blood oleic acid levels have about a 73% lower risk of stroke than those with the lowest levels, but blood levels only partly reflect diet because the body makes oleic acid from other fats.
- Whether supplements help prevent stroke is unknown.
Browse 3 studies
ObservationalCirculating oleic acid levels are related to greater risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis2018n=6,568
In 6568 MESA participants followed 13 years, top-quartile plasma oleic acid was associated with higher rates of coronary artery calcium, aortic valve calcification, and carotid plaque.
- Participants
- 6,568
ObservationalRelation between plasma phospholipid oleic acid and risk of heart failure2018
In a nested case-control of men from the Physicians' Health Study, plasma phospholipid oleic acid was not significantly associated with incident heart failure across quartiles.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Patients with heart failure
- Avg age
- ~59
ObservationalOlive oil consumption, plasma oleic acid, and stroke incidence: the Three-City Study2011n=7
In 7625 French adults from the Three-City Study, olive oil intake >0.5 tablespoon/day was associated with 41% lower stroke risk vs nonuse; higher plasma oleic acid also predicted lower stroke.
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 7
Panax GinsengView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking Panax ginseng helps prevent stroke.
- In a small study with people who have severe artery disease and are at high risk for stroke, taking Korean red ginseng twice daily for a year did not lower the chance of stroke or improve brain health compared to no treatment.
Browse 1 study
RCTPreventive effects of ginseng against atherosclerosis and subsequent ischemic stroke: A randomized controlled trial (PEGASUS trial)2022n=58
In 58 patients with severe atherosclerosis, ginseng 1000 mg twice daily for 12 months was well tolerated but did not significantly reduce ischemic stroke or TIA versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with atherosclerosis
- Participants
- 58
- Ages
- 20–80
SeleniumView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if intravenous selenium helps people recover neurologically after a stroke.
- Some small studies suggest it might improve certain brain function measures shortly after stroke but does not seem to have lasting benefits at 3 months.
- The effects of taking selenium by mouth after stroke are not known.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEvaluation of Selenium Supplementation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcome: An Outcome Assessor Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Feasibility Study2022n=44
In acute ischemic stroke patients, selenium supplementation did not significantly improve functional outcomes versus placebo in this outcome-assessor-blind trial.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 5 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 44
- Avg age
- ~68
RCTIs Selenium Supplementation Beneficial in Acute Ischemic Stroke?2021n=50
In acute ischemic stroke patients, IV selenium (Selenase) did not significantly improve clinical outcomes or glutathione peroxidase activity versus standard care in this trial.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 5 days
- Population
- Patients with acute ischemic stroke
- Participants
- 50
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)View supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not known if taking riboflavin (vitamin B2) alone lowers the risk of dying from a stroke.
- A study in people with poor nutrition in China found that taking riboflavin together with niacin did not reduce stroke deaths.
Browse 1 study
RCTDo nutritional supplements lower the risk of stroke or hypertension?1998n=29,584
In 29,584 adults in Linxian, China, beta-carotene, vitamin E, and selenium supplementation for 5 years modestly reduced total and stroke mortality but did not lower hypertension prevalence.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 5 years
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 29,584
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★68% | 18 | 13 | 19% |
| Vitamin B12 | ★★★★★44% | 15 | 9 | 16% |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★56% | 11 | 6 | 12% |
| Ginkgo | ★★★★★72% | 9 | 7 | 10% |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★52% | 8 | 3 | 9% |
| Caffeine | ★★★★★52% | 4 | 1 | 4% |
| Potassium | ★★★★★52% | 4 | 2 | 4% |
| Black Tea | ★★★★★44% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Oleic Acid | ★★★★★32% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 1 | 3% |
| Alpha-GPC | ★★★★★40% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Selenium | ★★★★★32% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Astragalus | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Berberine | ★★★★★48% | 1 | 1 | 1% |
| Boswellia | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Multivitamin | ★★★★★36% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Red Yeast Rice | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★48% | 1 | 0 | 1% |