Menopause
Supplements studied for menopause.
Overview
St. John's Wort and Maca have medium-strength evidence for menopausal symptoms. St. John's Wort taken up to 900 mg daily for up to 16 weeks may reduce hot flash frequency and severity and improve mood and quality of life. Maca is possibly effective based on three studies.
Natural plant compounds called phytoestrogens, found in soy and other plants, may slightly reduce hot flashes and improve vaginal dryness, though night sweats show less benefit. Panax Ginseng results are mixed by dose, and Vitamin K shows no meaningful benefit. The heatmap and evidence reviews below provide a fuller comparison.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| St. John's Wort | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Maca | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Kudzu | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Evening Primrose Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitex agnus-castus | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Valerian | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Rhodiola | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Magnesium | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Kava | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Inulin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Berberine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Yerba Mate | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Kefir | ★★★★★ | Low |
| SAMe | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
19 supplements for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
St. John's WortView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking St. John’s wort by mouth seems to help with symptoms of menopause.
- Studies show that taking up to 900 mg daily for up to 16 weeks, alone or with other herbs, lowers how often and how bad hot flashes are compared with no treatment.
- St. John’s wort might also improve mood and quality of life.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaHypericum perforatum L. preparations for menopause: a meta-analysis of efficacy and safety2014
A meta-analysis found Hypericum perforatum preparations more effective than placebo for menopausal symptoms, with safety comparable to placebo in included trials.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTEffect of St John's wort on severity, frequency, and duration of hot flashes in premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study2010n=100
In premenopausal and perimenopausal women, St John's wort reduced hot flash frequency and severity versus baseline in this controlled study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 100
- Avg age
- ~50
RCTEffects of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort) on hot flashes and quality of life in perimenopausal women: a randomized pilot trial2009n=47
In a pilot RCT in symptomatic perimenopausal women, St John's wort improved hot flashes and quality of life versus placebo, though sample size was small.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 900 mg 3×/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 47
- Ages
- 40–65
Clinical trialSt. John's Wort extract: efficacy for menopausal symptoms of psychological origin1999n=111
In 111 women with menopausal symptoms over 12 weeks, St John's wort 900 mg/day improved psychological and vasomotor menopausal symptoms versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 900 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 111
- Ages
- 43–65
NattokinaseView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Many women use soy-based products to help with menopause symptoms like hot flashes and vaginal dryness.
- Research shows that natural plant compounds called phytoestrogens, which are found in soy and other plants, can slightly reduce the number of hot flashes and improve vaginal dryness.
- However, they don’t seem to help much with night sweats.
- Some herbal remedies might also help, but studies vary a lot in quality.
- More research is needed.
Browse 38 studies·5 meta-analyses
RCTImpact of a soy drink on climacteric symptoms: an open-label, crossover, randomized clinical trial2016n=147
In 147 peri- and postmenopausal Spanish women, 500 mL/day isoflavone-rich soy drink for 12 weeks reduced climacteric symptoms by 20.4% and improved urogenital domain scores.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mL/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 147
- Ages
- 45+
MetaUse of Plant-Based Therapies and Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis2016n=6,653
A meta-analysis of 62 phytoestrogen trials (6653 women) found phytoestrogens reduced daily hot flashes by 1.31 and vaginal dryness scores but not night sweats vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 6,653
ObservationalA cross-sectional study of equol producer status and self-reported vasomotor symptoms2015n=375
In 375 postmenopausal women eating soy ≥3 times/week, equol producer status (35%) was not significantly associated with lower vasomotor symptom frequency after adjustment.
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 375
- Ages
- 45–55
RCTEffects of antidepressants and soybean association in depressive menopausal women2014n=10
In 40 depressive menopausal women, sertraline plus soybean 100 mg/day reduced depression scores more than sertraline or fluoxetine alone over 3 months.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 100 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 10
RCTRandomized controlled trial of whole soy and isoflavone daidzein on menopausal symptoms in equol-producing Chinese postmenopausal women2014
In 270 equol-producing Chinese postmenopausal women, 6 months of soy flour or daidzein did not significantly reduce menopausal symptoms vs milk powder placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 40 g/day soy flour
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTImpact of dose, frequency of administration, and equol production on efficacy of isoflavones for menopausal hot flashes: a pilot randomized trial2013n=130
In 130 perimenopausal/postmenopausal women, higher daily isoflavone doses (100–200 mg) and twice-daily dosing were associated with greater hot flash intensity reductions.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 100–200 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 130
RCTSoy fiber improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults: a randomized controlled trial2013
In overweight/obese adults, ~100 g/day soy fiber biscuits for 12 weeks reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and LDL-C vs control biscuits.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 100 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Ages
- 19–39
MetaExtracted or synthesized soybean isoflavones reduce menopausal hot flash frequency and severity: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2012
A meta-analysis of 19 isoflavone RCTs found soy isoflavone extracts reduced hot flash frequency and severity in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
MetaSoy isoflavones versus placebo in the treatment of climacteric vasomotor symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis2010
A meta-analysis of 19 climacteric trials found soy dietary supplements, extracts, and isoflavone concentrates all reduced hot flash incidence and severity vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTThe effect of dietary soy supplementation compared to estrogen and placebo on menopausal symptoms: a randomized controlled trial2010
In 60 postmenopausal women, 90 mg/day dietary soy isoflavones for 16 weeks improved somatic symptoms vs placebo but did not differ from low-dose hormone therapy on all domains.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 90 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 40–60
RCTA randomized controlled trial of the effect of dietary soy and flaxseed muffins on quality of life and hot flashes during menopause2006n=87
In a 16-week RCT of 87 postmenopausal women, daily muffins with 25 g flaxseed, soy, or wheat control did not show clear superiority of flaxseed for quality of life or hot flash frequency.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 25 g flaxseed/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 87
Narrative reviewIsoflavone supplements containing predominantly genistein reduce hot flash symptoms: a critical review of published studies2006
A review of 11 isoflavone trials found products providing >15 mg genistein consistently reduced hot flashes, while lower-genistein products mostly did not.
- Effect
- Benefit
MetaIsoflavone therapy for menopausal flushes: a systematic review and meta-analysis2006
A meta-analysis found isoflavone supplementation associated with significant reduction in daily menopausal flushes (effect size -0.28 to -0.49) vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
MetaNonhormonal therapies for menopausal hot flashes: systematic review and meta-analysis2006
A systematic review and meta-analysis found nonhormonal therapies including soy isoflavones provided modest hot flash reduction, with effect sizes smaller than hormone therapy.
- Population
- Women
RCTRandomized clinical trial comparing conjugated equine estrogens and isoflavones in postmenopausal women: a pilot study2006n=40
In 79 postmenopausal women, 120 mg/day soy isoflavones for 6 months reduced climacteric symptoms similarly to 0.625 mg conjugated estrogens but did not change vaginal pH or endometrium.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 120 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 40
RCTThe effect of a soy-rich diet on urogenital atrophy: a randomized, cross-over trial2006
In 36 peri- and postmenopausal women, a 12-week soy-rich diet (>50 mg/day isoflavones) paradoxically increased urge incontinence and vaginal dryness vs soy-free control diet.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 50 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Avg age
- ~52
RCTEffect of a combination of isoflavones and Actaea racemosa Linnaeus on climacteric symptoms in healthy symptomatic perimenopausal women: a 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study2005n=64
In 124 perimenopausal women with ≥5 daily vasomotor symptoms, soy isoflavones plus black cohosh for 12 weeks did not significantly improve climacteric scores vs placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 64
RCTBenefits of soy germ isoflavones in postmenopausal women with contraindication for conventional hormone replacement therapy2004n=25
In 50 postmenopausal women contraindicated for HRT, 60 mg/day soy germ isoflavones for 6 months reduced hot flushes by 44% vs 10% with placebo (P < 0.05).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 60 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 25
RCTEffects of genistein on hot flushes in early postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind EPT- and placebo-controlled study2004n=30
In 90 postmenopausal women, genistein 54 mg/day for 1 year reduced daily hot flushes by 22–29% vs placebo, though less than estrogen-progestogen therapy (~53–56% reduction).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 1 year
- Dose
- 54 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 47–57
Systematic reviewPhytoestrogens for treatment of menopausal symptoms: a systematic review2004n=11
A systematic review of 25 phytoestrogen trials found most soy food trials (7/8) were negative for hot flash relief, while extracted isoflavone trials showed mixed results.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 11
- Avg age
- ~53
Systematic reviewSoy for the treatment of perimenopausal symptoms--a systematic review2004
A systematic review of 10 soy RCTs for perimenopausal symptoms concluded evidence was inconclusive, with only some trials showing benefit for hot flashes.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTSoy isoflavones and melatonin for the relief of climacteric symptoms: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study2004n=12
In 388 climacteric women, soy isoflavones plus melatonin 3 mg for 3 months reduced Greene Climacteric Scale scores more than either alone or placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 3 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 12
RCTSoy protein and isoflavone effects on vasomotor symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women: the Soy Estrogen Alternative Study2003n=241
In 241 women with vasomotor symptoms, 25 g/day soy protein with 42 or 58 mg/day isoflavones for up to 24 weeks did not reduce hot flash frequency or severity vs isoflavone-extracted control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 42 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 241
RCTA pilot study of the effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on postmenopausal endometrium2002n=27
In 27 postmenopausal women, 6 months of phytoestrogen soy cereal supplementation did not alter endometrial histology; all biopsies remained atrophic or inactive.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 27
RCTBenefits of soy isoflavone therapeutic regimen on menopausal symptoms2002n=40
In 80 postmenopausal women, 100 mg/day soy isoflavones for 4 months reduced menopausal symptom scores and lowered total and LDL cholesterol vs placebo without changing endometrial thickness.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 months
- Dose
- 100 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 40
RCTComplementary and alternative medicine for menopausal symptoms: a review of randomized, controlled trials2002
A review of 29 RCTs found soy products and other CAM therapies had variable evidence for menopausal hot flash relief, with soy showing modest benefit in some trials.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
Open-labelEfficacy and safety of a phytoestrogen preparation derived from Glycine max (L.) Merr in climacteric symptomatology: a multicentric, open, prospective and non-randomized trial2002
In an open-label trial of 190 postmenopausal women, 35 mg/day isoflavones for 4 months reduced hot flushes in 81% and improved sleep, anxiety, and vaginal dryness.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 months
- Dose
- 35 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTIsoflavone-rich or isoflavone-poor soy protein does not reduce menopausal symptoms during 24 weeks of treatment2001n=24
In 69 perimenopausal women, 24 weeks of isoflavone-rich (80.4 mg/day) or isoflavone-poor soy protein did not reduce hot flush or night sweat frequency vs whey control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 80.4 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 24
ObservationalSoy product intake and hot flashes in Japanese women: results from a community-based prospective study2001n=101
In 1106 premenopausal Japanese women followed 6 years, higher soy and isoflavone intake was inversely associated with new moderate or severe hot flashes (HR 0.42–0.47 for highest vs lowest tertile).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 101
- Ages
- 35–54
RCTClinical effects of a standardized soy extract in postmenopausal women: a pilot study2000
In postmenopausal women, 400 mg/day standardized soy extract (50 mg isoflavones) for 6 weeks reduced hot flushes before adding conjugated estrogens in a crossover design.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 400 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
Hormonal effects of soy isoflavones: studies in premenopausal and postmenopausal women2000
Review article on hormonal effects of soy isoflavones in premenopausal and postmenopausal women; no single trial outcome reported in available abstract.
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTVasomotor symptom relief by soy isoflavone extract tablets in postmenopausal women: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study2000
In 177 postmenopausal women, 50 mg/day soy isoflavones for 12 weeks reduced hot flash incidence and severity vs placebo by 6 weeks (P = 0.03), approaching significance at 12 weeks (P = 0.08).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 50 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 50+
RCTEffect of soy protein supplementation on serum lipoproteins, blood pressure, and menopausal symptoms in perimenopausal women1999n=51
In 51 perimenopausal women, 20 g/day soy protein with 34 mg phytoestrogens for 6 weeks lowered total cholesterol by 6% and LDL by 7% vs carbohydrate placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 20 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 51
Clinical review 97: Potential health benefits of dietary phytoestrogens: a review of the clinical, epidemiological, and mechanistic evidence1998
A clinical review summarized evidence that phytoestrogens from soy and flax may benefit cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoporosis, and menopausal symptoms, but noted limited human trial data.
- Effect
- Benefit
RCTEffects of dietary phytoestrogens in postmenopausal women1998
In postmenopausal women, high-phytoestrogen soy and linseed diets raised urinary phytoestrogens 10–30-fold; linseed reduced hot flush rate by 41% and soy by 22% vs wheat control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTThe effect of dietary soy supplementation on hot flushes1998n=25
In 104 postmenopausal women, 40 g/day soy protein for 12 weeks reduced moderate-to-severe hot flushes by 45% vs 30% with casein placebo (P < 0.01).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 40 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 25
- Ages
- 48–61
Short‐term Effects of Phytoestrogen‐rich Diet on Postmenopausal Women1997
A short-term phytoestrogen-rich diet study in postmenopausal women was listed without sufficient abstract text to report specific outcomes.
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTDietary flour supplementation decreases post-menopausal hot flushes: effect of soy and wheat1995n=30
In 58 postmenopausal women with ≥14 hot flushes/week, soy flour for 12 weeks reduced flushes by 40% vs 25% with wheat flour, with faster response in the soy group at 6 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 30–70
MacaView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Maca is possibly effective for menopause.
Browse 3 studies
RCTClinical Effect of Oral Administration of Maca (Lepidium meyenii) Extract on Japanese Peri-Menopausal Women Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study2019
An 8-week double-blind RCT of 41 Japanese peri-menopausal women found oral maca extract significantly improved menopausal symptoms and increased estradiol levels vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
RCTHormone-Balancing Effect of Pre-Gelatinized Organic Maca (Lepidium peruvianum Chacon): (III) Clinical responses of early-postmenopausal women to Maca in double blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled, crossover configuration, outpatient study2006n=12
A double-blind crossover trial of 34 early-postmenopausal women found 2 g/day pre-gelatinized maca (Maca-GO) for 4 months reduced menopausal symptoms and balanced estrogen, FSH, and thyroid hormones vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 months
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 12
- Ages
- 49–58
RCTUse of gelatinized maca (lepidium peruvianum) in early postmenopausal women2005
A double-blind trial of 20 early-postmenopausal women found 2 g/day Maca-GO for 2–8 months reduced FSH, increased estradiol and progesterone, and substantially reduced menopausal discomfort vs placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 45–62
Evening Primrose OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain whether taking evening primrose oil by mouth helps reduce menopausal symptoms because study results are mixed.
- Two small studies showed that taking 1 to 2 grams daily for a few weeks to two months improved mood symptoms like depression, irritability, and anxiety by 45% to 73%.
- However, another study found no overall benefit on menopause symptoms with 1 gram twice daily for 8 weeks.
- For hot flashes, most small studies using 1 to 4 grams daily for a few months found no reduction in frequency, though one small study did report less frequent and severe hot flashes and night sweats.
- Some supplements combining evening primrose oil with other ingredients reduced menopausal symptoms, but it is unclear if evening primrose oil was responsible.
Browse 9 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTComparison of the Effect of Fennel and Evening Primrose Oil on Menopausal Problems and Hormonal Levels: A Randomized Controlled Trial2023n=125
In 125 menopausal women over 8 weeks, fennel and evening primrose oil both significantly changed FSH and estradiol versus placebo; EPO also reduced Menopause Rating Scale scores more than placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 30 mg
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 125
- Ages
- 45–60
RCTEffect of Evening Primrose Oil on Postmenopausal Psychological Symptoms: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial2021n=100
In 100 postmenopausal women over 15 days, 2 g/day evening primrose oil significantly reduced psychological symptom scores on the Menopause Rating Scale versus control in a triple-blind RCT.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 15 days
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 100
RCTThe Effect of Evening Primrose Oil Capsule on Hot Flashes and Night Sweats in Postmenopausal Women: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial2021
In postmenopausal women taking 2,000 mg/day evening primrose oil for 8 weeks, hot flash duration, frequency, and severity did not differ from placebo, but night sweat frequency and severity decreased significantly with EPO.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 18+
RCTEfficacy and Safety of Nutraceutical on Menopausal Symptoms in Post-Menopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial2020n=51
In 101 postmenopausal women aged 45–60 over 12 weeks, a nutraceutical with soy isoflavones, black cohosh, chasteberry, and evening primrose oil reduced hot flushes, sweating, and irritability versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 51
- Ages
- 45–60
RCTImpact of evening primrose oil consumption on psychological symptoms of postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial2020n=189
In 189 postmenopausal women over 8 weeks, 1,000 mg/day evening primrose oil significantly reduced psychological Menopause Rating Scale scores versus placebo (mean difference −3.44, P<0.01).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 189
MetaThe Effects of Evening-Primrose Oil on Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2020
A meta-analysis of five studies in 402 peri and postmenopausal women found that evening primrose oil (0.5 to 4 g per day for 4 to 26 weeks) did not reduce the frequency and severity of hot flashes or the frequency of night sweats. The overall evidence quality ranged from very low to moderate. [10711]
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 4–26 weeks
- Dose
- 4 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTThe effect of oral evening primrose oil on menopausal hot flashes: a randomized clinical trial2013n=56
In 56 menopausal women over 6 weeks, 1,000 mg/day evening primrose oil reduced hot flash severity significantly more than placebo (42% vs 32% improvement), with smaller nonsignificant gains in frequency and duration.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 56
- Ages
- 45–59
RCTEffect of a compound containing isoflavones, primrose oil and vitamin E in two different doses on climacteric symptoms2006n=562
In 1,080 postmenopausal women, one or two daily capsules of isoflavones 60 mg plus primrose oil 440 mg and vitamin E 10 mg significantly reduced Blatt-Kupperman climacteric scores over 3–6 months.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3–6 months
- Dose
- 60 mg isoflavones + 440 mg primrose oil/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 562
RCTEffect of oral gamolenic acid from evening primrose oil on menopausal flushing1994n=56
In 56 menopausal women over 6 months, 4,000 mg/day evening primrose oil did not reduce hot flushes more than liquid paraffin placebo; placebo showed greater daytime flush reduction (1.9 vs 0.5 episodes/month).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 4000 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 56
FlaxseedView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research on flaxseed for menopause symptoms has shown mixed results.
- Some early studies in women after menopause found that eating flaxseed meal, flaxseed extract, or ground flaxseed helped reduce hot flashes and night sweats.
- However, other studies found that improvements were similar to what happened with placebos like wheat germ.
- More rigorous research has not shown much benefit.
- For example, studies using flaxseed bars, muffins, or flaxseed-enriched bread found no clear improvement in hot flashes, quality of life, or other menopause symptoms when compared to placebos.
Browse 6 studies
RCTA phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of flaxseed for the treatment of hot flashes: North Central Cancer Treatment Group N08C72012n=188
In a phase III RCT of 188 postmenopausal women, a flaxseed bar providing 410 mg lignans daily for 6 weeks did not significantly reduce hot flash activity versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 410 mg lignans/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 188
RCTEvaluation of the efficacy of flaxseed meal and flaxseed extract in reducing menopausal symptoms2012
In a 6-month RCT of 90 menopausal women, both flaxseed extract (1 g/day) and flaxseed meal (90 g/day) significantly reduced Kupperman menopausal index scores versus collagen placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1 g/day
- Population
- Women
RCTConsumption of a flaxseed-rich food is not more effective than a placebo in alleviating the climacteric symptoms of postmenopausal women2009n=20
In a 12-week double-blind RCT of 38 postmenopausal women, bread with 25 g/day flaxseed (46 mg lignans) did not reduce hot flashes, Kupperman index, or endometrial thickness versus wheat bran placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 25 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 20
RCTA randomized controlled trial of the effect of dietary soy and flaxseed muffins on quality of life and hot flashes during menopause2006n=87
In a 16-week RCT of 87 postmenopausal women, daily muffins with 25 g flaxseed, soy, or wheat control did not show clear superiority of flaxseed for quality of life or hot flash frequency.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 25 g flaxseed/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 87
RCTThe effects of flaxseed dietary supplement on lipid profile, bone mineral density, and symptoms in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, wheat germ placebo-controlled clinical trial2005n=101
In a 12-month RCT of 199 menopausal women, 40 g/day flaxseed reduced total and HDL cholesterol versus wheat germ placebo but did not significantly change bone mineral density or menopausal symptoms.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Dose
- 40 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 101
RCTFlaxseed dietary supplement versus hormone replacement therapy in hypercholesterolemic menopausal women2002n=15
In a crossover RCT of 25 hypercholesterolemic menopausal women, 40 g/day crushed flaxseed for 2 months lowered lipids comparably to hormone replacement therapy in this small trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Dose
- 40 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 15
KudzuView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Small studies suggest that taking kudzu may modestly help with menopause symptoms.
- Taking kudzu in amounts from 25 to 100 mg daily for 6 months during perimenopause improved symptoms related to menopause.
- Another study using higher doses of kudzu extract for 4 weeks also reduced menopausal symptoms.
- These studies had limitations because there were no comparison groups.
- One study found that taking 50 mg of kudzu daily for 6 months reduced hot flashes and other symptoms about as well as standard hormone treatments.
Browse 5 studies
Open-labelThe Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Dose Regimens of Kudzu (Pueraria lobata) Root Extract on Bone and Cartilage Turnover and Menopausal Symptoms2021n=50
In 50 postmenopausal women, multiple kudzu root extract dose regimens for 4 weeks improved menopausal symptom scores versus baseline in an open-label study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 50
- Ages
- 50+
RCTComparison of Pueraria mirifica 25 and 50 mg for menopausal symptoms2011n=26
In 26 perimenopausal women, Pueraria mirifica 25 and 50 mg/day for 6 months similarly reduced climacteric symptom scores versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 25–50 mg
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 26
RCTEfficacy comparison of Pueraria mirifica (PM) against conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) with/without medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of climacteric symptoms in perimenopausal women: phase III study2007
In perimenopausal women, Pueraria mirifica 50 mg/day improved climacteric symptoms similarly to conjugated equine estrogen with/without medroxyprogesterone over the treatment period.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 50 mg/day
- Population
- Women
RCTEfficacy and safety of Pueraria mirifica (Kwao Kruea Khao) for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms in perimenopausal women: Phase II Study2004
In postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms, Pueraria mirifica 50 mg/day reduced hot flush frequency and severity versus baseline with acceptable safety.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 50 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
RCTComparison of Pueraria lobata with hormone replacement therapy in treating the adverse health consequences of menopause2003n=43
In 43 postmenopausal women, Pueraria lobata 100 mg/day for 3 months improved vaginal health index and symptom scores versus baseline comparably to hormone reference approaches.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 100 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 43
- Ages
- 50–65
Panax GinsengView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research results on Panax ginseng for menopausal symptoms, like hot flashes and mood, are mixed.
- A low daily dose (200 mg) of ginseng given for 16 weeks did not help with hot flashes or mood in some studies.
- However, higher doses (1 gram three times per day) helped reduce hot flashes and other menopause symptoms.
- A special type of ginseng called Korean red ginseng improved feelings of tiredness in some women but did not clearly improve memory or vaginal symptoms.
- Some women with menopause after surgery said their sexual problems improved with ginseng.
- More research is needed to be sure about the benefits.
Browse 6 studies
RCTThe Effect of Panax ginseng on Genitourinary Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial2021
In 60 postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome, ginseng twice daily for 4 weeks improved subjective atrophic vaginitis symptoms (p<0.001) but not objective vaginal pH or maturation index.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
Bioactive Plant Compounds in Coffee Charcoal (Coffeae carbo) Extract Inhibit Cytokine Release from Activated Human THP-1 Macrophages2019
A cell-culture study found coffee charcoal extract and chlorogenic acid isomers inhibited TNF, IL-6, and MCP-1 release from LPS-challenged human macrophages.
RCTEffects of red ginseng supplementation on menopausal symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women: a double-blind randomized controlled trial2012n=72
In 72 postmenopausal women, red ginseng 3 g/day for 12 weeks improved menopause symptom scores, lowered total and LDL cholesterol, and reduced carotid intima-media thickness versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 72
- Ages
- 45–60
RCTEffects of Korean red ginseng on sexual arousal in menopausal women: placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover clinical study2010n=28
In 32 menopausal women, Korean red ginseng 3 g/day improved sexual arousal on the FSFI (p=0.006) and global assessment versus placebo in a crossover trial.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 28
- Avg age
- ~51
RCTGincosan (a combination of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng): the effects on mood and cognition of 6 and 12 weeks' treatment in post-menopausal women2004n=30
In 57 post-menopausal women, Gincosan (ginkgo 120 mg plus ginseng 200 mg) for 12 weeks improved memory and mood scores versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 320 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 51–66
RCTEffects of a standardized ginseng extract on quality of life and physiological parameters in symptomatic postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Swedish Alternative Medicine Group1999n=193
In 384 symptomatic postmenopausal women, standardized ginseng for 16 weeks showed only a trend for overall well-being (p<0.1) but improved depression and health subscales versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 193
- Avg age
- ~54
ValerianView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Small studies suggest valerian root may help reduce how often and how severe hot flashes are during menopause.
- Some research also shows valerian combined with fennel can improve sleep and reduce hot flash severity.
Browse 4 studies
RCTEffect of Fennel-Valerian Extract on Hot Flashes and Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Trial2023
A randomized trial of 76 postmenopausal women (ages 45–55) found that fennel-valerian extract 1000 mg/day for 8 weeks reduced sleep disorders and the severity and frequency of hot flashes versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 45–55
RCTThe effect of Valerian on the severity and frequency of hot flashes: A triple-blind randomized clinical trial2018
A triple-blind RCT of 60 postmenopausal women (ages 45–55) found valerian 1060 mg/day for 2 months reduced hot flash severity at 1 and 2 months and frequency at 2 months versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1060 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 45–55
RCTThe effects of valerian root on hot flashes in menopausal women2013n=68
An 8-week double-blind RCT of 68 menopausal women found valerian 765 mg/day significantly reduced hot flash severity and frequency versus placebo starch capsules.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 765 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 68
- Ages
- 45–55
RCTEffect of valerian on sleep quality in postmenopausal women: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial2011
A triple-blind RCT of 100 postmenopausal women (ages 50–60) found valerian 530 mg twice daily for 4 weeks improved sleep quality in 30% versus 4% on placebo (P<0.001).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 1060 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 50–60
Vitamin KView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Vitamin K has no meaningful benefit for Menopause.
Browse 3 studies
RCTEffects of One-Year Menaquinone-7 Supplementation on Vascular Stiffness and Blood Pressure in Post-Menopausal Women2025n=83
In an RCT of 83 participants, 180 µg MK-7/day, further research is needed to unravel the beneficial effects of MK-7 in post-menopausal women.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 180 µg MK-7/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 83
RCTVitamin K1 supplementation retards bone loss in postmenopausal women between 50 and 60 years of age2003
In an RCT in postmenopausal women, 1 mg/day, for 3 years, no significant differences were observed among the three groups with respect to change of BMD at the site of the lumbar spine.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 years
- Dose
- 1 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 50–60
Clinical trialTime-dependent effects of vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women2002
In a clinical trial in postmenopausal women, 45 mg/day, for 48 weeks, these results indicate that menatetrenone treatment of postmenopausal women constantly elevates bone formation markers as well as converts Glu-OC to Gla-OC.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 48 weeks
- Dose
- 45 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Ages
- 48–82
Vitex agnus-castusView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking vitex agnus-castus extract can help reduce some menopause symptoms like anxiety and hot flashes when taken twice daily for 8 weeks.
- It does not seem to improve depression or sexual problems.
- Vitex is also used in combination with other herbs and medicines, which may help reduce menopause symptoms such as hot flashes, sweating, sleep problems, and mood swings.
- However, it’s unclear whether vitex or the other ingredients in these combinations are responsible for the benefits.
Browse 3 studies
RCTEfficacy and Safety of Nutraceutical on Menopausal Symptoms in Post-Menopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial2022n=51
In 101 postmenopausal women aged 45–60 over 12 weeks, a nutraceutical with soy isoflavones, black cohosh, chasteberry, and evening primrose oil reduced hot flushes, sweating, and irritability versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 51
- Ages
- 45–60
RCTComparison of Vitex agnus-castus Extracts with Placebo in Reducing Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized Double-Blind Study2019n=26
In an RCT of 26 participants, administration of Vitex agnus-castus extracts as a phytoestrogenic medicine can alleviate menopausal symptoms in women.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 26
- Ages
- 45–65
RCTEffects of a combination of Nigella sativa and Vitex agnus-castus with citalopram on healthy menopausal women with hot flashes: results from a subpopulation analysis2019n=46
In an RCT of 46 participants, for 8 weeks, at the end of the 8-week treatment period, analyses of covariance demonstrated the superiority of herbal combination with citalopram over placebo and citalopram for three MENQOL domain scores including vasomotor (p < .001), physical (p = .036), psychosocial (p = .001) but no significant...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 46
- Ages
- 40–60
BerberineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if berberine alone helps with menopausal symptoms.
- Some early studies suggest that taking a supplement with berberine and soy isoflavones might help reduce hot flashes and other symptoms, but it’s not clear which ingredient is responsible for the effect.
Browse 1 study
RCTActivity of isoflavones and berberine on vasomotor symptoms and lipid profile in menopausal women2012n=20
A 12-week RCT of 120 menopausal women found berberine plus isoflavones lowered total cholesterol 13.5%, LDL 12.4%, triglycerides 18.9%, and improved menopausal symptoms versus calcium and vitamin D.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 20
- Avg age
- ~55
InulinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A small study in people going through menopause found that eating yogurt with added inulin daily for 6 weeks helped improve symptoms such as hot flashes, anxiety, and low mood compared with regular yogurt.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffects of prebiotic-rich yogurt on menopausal symptoms and metabolic indices in menopausal women: a triple-blind randomised controlled trial2022n=60
In 60 menopausal women over 6 weeks, daily prebiotic-rich yogurt reduced total menopausal symptom scores and improved metabolic indices versus regular yogurt.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 60
KavaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking kava for three months may help with mood and hot flashes during menopause, but it was not better than calcium in reducing depression or hot flashes.
Browse 1 study
RCTKava-Kava administration reduces anxiety in perimenopausal women2003n=19
In perimenopausal women, kava 100–200 mg/day for 3 months reduced anxiety and climacteric symptoms more than calcium alone, with significant anxiety decline versus controls (P<0.009).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 100 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 19
MagnesiumView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking magnesium oxide by mouth does not seem to effectively reduce hot flashes during menopause.
- One small, low-quality study suggested some improvement, but a larger, better-quality study found no benefit compared to placebo.
Browse 2 studies
RCTNorth Central Cancer Treatment Group N10C2 (Alliance): a double-blind placebo-controlled study of magnesium supplements to reduce menopausal hot flashes2015n=89
An RCT of 289 postmenopausal breast cancer survivors found neither 800 nor 1,200 mg/day magnesium oxide reduced hot flash frequency or score vs placebo over 8 weeks, though diarrhea was more common with magnesium.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 89
Clinical trialA pilot phase II trial of magnesium supplements to reduce menopausal hot flashes in breast cancer patients2011n=25
A pilot phase II clinical trial in breast cancer patients showing that magnesium supplementation led to modest reductions in hot flash frequency and severity, warranting further investigation. A pilot study of 25 women with at least 14 hot flashes a week found that 400-800 mg/day magnesium oxide reduced hot flash frequency by 41.4% (p=0.02) and hot flash score by 50.4% after 5 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 25
- Avg age
- ~54
RhodiolaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Rhodiola alone has not been studied for menopausal symptoms.
- Early research shows that taking a supplement with both rhodiola (400 mg) and black cohosh (13 mg) daily for 12 weeks helped improve mood-related symptoms in menopause better than placebo or black cohosh by itself.
- It is not known whether rhodiola, black cohosh, or their combination caused these benefits.
Browse 1 study
RCTActaea racemosa L. Is More Effective in Combination with Rhodiola rosea L. for Relief of Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study2020n=220
In 220 menopausal women, black cohosh plus Rhodiola reduced menopausal symptom scores more than monotherapy or placebo over 12 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 6.5 mg
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 220
KefirView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A small study in women with menopause symptoms and sleep problems found that drinking kefir (250 mL twice a day for 1 month) improved sleep by about 67% compared with no kefir, and also helped with hot flashes, overall physical health, and sexual symptoms.
Browse 1 study
Effects of Kefir on Quality of Life and Sleep Disturbances in Postmenopausal Women2019
In postmenopausal women, kefir supplementation improved quality of life and sleep disturbance scores versus control in a clinical study of menopausal symptoms.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
MelatoninView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A review of several studies in women with menopausal symptoms suggests that melatonin does not appear to help with hot flashes, night sweats, or mood changes, but it may offer a small benefit for some physical symptoms.
- The results are uncertain because the studies were not fully consistent.
- In the research, women typically took 3 mg of melatonin daily for 3–12 months, either on its own or together with soy isoflavones or fluoxetine.
Browse 3 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffects of exogenous melatonin on sleep quality and menopausal symptoms in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2021n=812
A meta-analysis of menopause RCTs found melatonin modestly improved sleep quality and some menopausal symptoms, though evidence quality was limited.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 1 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 812
RCTMelatonin osteoporosis prevention study (MOPS): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examining the effects of melatonin on bone health and quality of life in perimenopausal women2012n=5
In 18 perimenopausal women, melatonin 3 mg nightly for 6 months did not significantly change bone density or menopause-specific quality-of-life scores versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 3 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 5
- Ages
- 45–54
RCTSoy isoflavones and melatonin for the relief of climacteric symptoms: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study2004n=12
In 388 climacteric women, soy isoflavones plus melatonin 3 mg for 3 months reduced Greene Climacteric Scale scores more than either alone or placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 3 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 12
Yerba MateView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Evidence is insufficient for this condition.
Browse 1 study
ObservationalYerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women2011n=146
In an observational study of 146 participants, ≥1 L yerba mate tea/day, from a program for osteoporosis prevention and treatment, postmenopausal women who drank at least 1 L of Yerba Mate tea daily during 4 or more years (n=146) were identified, and matched by age and time since menopause with an equal number of women who did not...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- ≥4 years
- Dose
- ≥1 L yerba mate tea/day
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
- Participants
- 146
SAMeView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if taking SAMe helps reduce menopausal hot flashes.
- In one early study, SAMe taken daily for 6 weeks did not significantly reduce how often or how badly hot flashes occurred compared to a placebo.
Browse 1 study
Clinical trialPhase II evaluation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) for the treatment of hot flashes2016n=43
A phase II single-arm trial in 43 women treated with SAMe 400 mg twice daily found a 35.4% hot-flash score reduction that was not significantly better than the historical placebo rate of 25%.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 43
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★68% | 38 | 5 | 41% |
| Evening Primrose Oil | ★★★★★52% | 9 | 1 | 10% |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★52% | 6 | 0 | 6% |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★52% | 6 | 0 | 6% |
| Kudzu | ★★★★★52% | 5 | 0 | 5% |
| St. John's Wort | ★★★★★72% | 4 | 1 | 4% |
| Valerian | ★★★★★48% | 4 | 0 | 4% |
| Maca | ★★★★★64% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★40% | 3 | 1 | 3% |
| Vitamin K | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Vitex agnus-castus | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 3% |
| Magnesium | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Berberine | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Inulin | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Kava | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Kefir | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Rhodiola | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| SAMe | ★★★★★28% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Yerba Mate | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | 1% |