Green Tea
Green tea and its catechins (EGCG) are studied for metabolic, cardiovascular, and cognitive outcomes. Effects are often modest.
Overview
What is green tea?
Green tea is a minimally processed tea made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, rich in antioxidants called catechins, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). It improves brain function, reduces inflammation, lowers cholesterol, enhances metabolism, and potentially protects against heart disease and cognitive decline.
Dosage
Optimal dose is unknown. Follow manufacturer guidelines or clinician advice.
Effect graph
Effect heatmap
SupplementDEX Database
65 conditions for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
Database Snapshot
Most green tea research is concentrated in a handful of conditions.
- Obesity accounts for 22 of 259 studies (8%).
- Type 2 diabetes accounts for 15 of 259 studies (6%).
- Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) accounts for 14 of 259 studies (5%).
- Sparse coverage remains for Acne, Colorectal adenoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Dietary Sources
Top dietary sources
Food sources
Green tea is typically consumed by brewing the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant.
Sources include Camellia sinensis leaves.
Safety
Safety details were limited in the source article. Use standard caution and clinician guidance for high-dose or therapeutic use.
Frequently Asked Questions
References
Sources216 references
SupplementDEX uses only high-quality sources to determine supplement effectiveness.
SupplementDEX Database · Cardiovascular health
11 references1.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Effect of green tea supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials2025
A GRADE-assessed meta-analysis of RCTs found green tea supplementation modestly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure versus control in adults.
2.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Green tea consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies2023
A meta-analysis of 7 cohorts (772,922 participants) found higher green tea consumption associated with lower coronary heart disease risk.
3.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Dose-Response Relation between Tea Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies2020
A meta-analysis of 39 cohort studies found each cup/day of tea associated with ~4% lower CVD mortality, ~2% lower CVD events, ~4% lower stroke risk, and ~1.5% lower all-cause mortality.
4.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Associations between Green Tea Consumption and Coffee Consumption and the Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease2020
In a cross-sectional study of 612 Japanese cardiac catheterization patients, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower coronary artery disease prevalence.
5.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Black and green tea consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis2011
A meta-analysis of observational studies found green tea consumption associated with lower coronary artery disease risk, while black tea showed no significant association.
6.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — The relation between green tea consumption and cardiovascular disease as evidenced by epidemiological studies2008
In the Ohsaki cohort of 40,530 Japanese adults, green tea consumption was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality over follow-up.
7.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Green tea consumption and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in Japan: the Ohsaki study2006
In the Ohsaki cohort of 40,530 Japanese adults followed up to 11 years, green tea consumption was associated with lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
8.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Inverse association of tea and flavonoid intakes with incident myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study2002
In 4,807 Rotterdam Study participants followed 5.6 years, tea drinkers consuming >375 mL/day had 43% lower incident MI risk (RR 0.57) than nondrinkers; flavonoid intake was inversely associated with fatal MI.
9.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Tea consumption and mortality after acute myocardial infarction2002
In 1,900 post-MI patients followed 3.8 years, moderate (OR-derived HR 0.69) and heavy (HR 0.61) tea drinkers had lower mortality than nondrinkers after adjusting for confounders.
10.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Does tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis2001
A meta-analysis found each 3 cups/day increase in tea associated with 11% lower myocardial infarction risk, but geographic heterogeneity was substantial and publication bias could not be excluded.
11.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular health — Relation between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women2000
In a study of 512 patients undergoing coronary angiography, higher green tea consumption was associated with less severe coronary atherosclerosis.
SupplementDEX Database · Endometrial cancer
3 references12.SupplementDEX Database: Endometrial cancer — Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer2020
A Cochrane review found very low-certainty evidence that green tea may reduce some cancer risks, with no clear effect on overall cancer incidence.
13.SupplementDEX Database: Endometrial cancer — Green tea, black tea consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis2016
A meta-analysis found green tea associated with 22% lower endometrial cancer risk (RR 0.78 per cup/day increment); black tea showed no significant association (RR 0.99).
14.SupplementDEX Database: Endometrial cancer — Tea consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: a metaanalysis2009
A meta-analysis found higher tea consumption associated with lower endometrial cancer risk, with a 15% risk reduction per 2 cups/day increment.
SupplementDEX Database · Hyperlipidemia
10 references15.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Effects of green tea extract combined with brisk walking on lipid profiles and the liver function in overweight and obese men: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-control trial2020
In 24 overweight or obese men, 12 weeks of green tea extract plus brisk walking improved lipid profiles and liver enzymes versus placebo plus walking.
16.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — "Benifuuki" Extract Reduces Serum Levels of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Ligands Containing Apolipoprotein B: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial2018
In 159 healthy adults, 12 weeks of Benifuuki green tea extract (676 mg catechins daily) reduced circulating LOX-1 ligand-containing ApoB versus low-dose or placebo.
17.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Green tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular and ischemic related diseases: A meta-analysis2016
A meta-analysis of observational studies (259,267 participants) linked higher green tea intake to lower risk of cardiovascular and ischemic disease.
18.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Effects of green tea catechin extract on serum lipids in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial2016
In 538 postmenopausal women over 12 months, green tea catechin extract (1,315 mg/day) improved serum lipid profiles versus placebo.
19.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — The effect of green tea on blood pressure and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2014
A meta-analysis of 1,536 participants found green tea produced small blood pressure reductions and favorable changes in lipid parameters in RCTs.
20.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Green and black tea for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease2013
A Cochrane review of 11 short-term RCTs (821 participants) found black tea lowered LDL by 0.43 mmol/L and blood pressure modestly over 6 months; no clinical cardiovascular events were reported.
21.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Green tea intake lowers fasting serum total and LDL cholesterol in adults: a meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials2011
A meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (1,136 adults) found green tea lowered fasting total and LDL cholesterol.
22.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Green tea catechins decrease total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a systematic review and meta-analysis2011
A meta-analysis of green tea catechin trials found reductions in total and LDL cholesterol over 3–24 weeks of supplementation.
23.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Cholesterol-lowering effect of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract: a randomized controlled trial2003
In 240 adults over 12 weeks, a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract (375 mg/day) reduced total and LDL cholesterol versus placebo.
24.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperlipidemia — Cross sectional study of effects of drinking green tea on cardiovascular and liver diseases1995
In a cross-sectional study of 1,371 Japanese men aged 40+, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower prevalence of cardiovascular and liver disease markers.
SupplementDEX Database · Ovarian cancer
4 references25.SupplementDEX Database: Ovarian cancer — Meta-analysis of green tea drinking and the prevalence of gynecological tumors in women2013
A meta-analysis of observational studies (9,113 participants) linked higher green tea consumption to lower prevalence of gynecological tumors in women.
26.SupplementDEX Database: Ovarian cancer — A two-stage, single-arm, phase II study of EGCG-enriched green tea drink as a maintenance therapy in women with advanced stage ovarian cancer2013
A two-stage phase II trial in 46 women with advanced ovarian cancer found EGCG-enriched green tea drink feasible as maintenance therapy after chemotherapy response.
27.SupplementDEX Database: Ovarian cancer — Tea consumption and ovarian cancer risk in a population-based cohort2005
In 61,057 Swedish women followed 15.1 years, each additional cup of tea per day was associated with 18% lower epithelial ovarian cancer risk; ≥2 cups/day had HR 0.54 versus seldom/never drinkers.
28.SupplementDEX Database: Ovarian cancer — Tea consumption and ovarian cancer risk: a case-control study in China2002
In a Chinese case-control study, increasing green tea frequency and duration reduced ovarian cancer risk (OR 0.23 for >30 years); black and oolong tea associations were not significant.
SupplementDEX Database · Acne
2 references29.SupplementDEX Database: Acne — The effects of green tea on acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2021
A meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (247 patients) found green tea extract significantly reduced inflammatory acne lesion counts versus control.
30.SupplementDEX Database: Acne — Epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves acne in humans by modulating intracellular molecular targets and inhibiting P. acnes2013
In human sebocyte and patient studies, epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduced sebum production and acne inflammation by modulating AMPK-SREBP-1 and NF-κB pathways.
31.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — The Association between Green Tea Consumption and Cognitive Function: A Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence2025
A meta-analysis of observational studies (58,929 participants, ages 50–69) found higher green tea consumption associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment.
32.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — Effect of matcha green tea on cognitive functions and sleep quality in older adults with cognitive decline: A randomized controlled study over 12 months2024
In a 12-month RCT of 66 older adults (ages 60–85), matcha green tea 2 g/day improved some cognitive test scores and sleep quality versus placebo.
33.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — Effects of Matcha Green Tea Powder on Cognitive Functions of Community-Dwelling Elderly Individuals2020
In a 12-week RCT of 28 community-dwelling elderly adults, matcha green tea powder 3 g/day improved cognitive function scores versus placebo.
34.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — Effect of Daily Intake of Green Tea Catechins on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Subjects: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study2020
In a 12-week RCT of middle-aged adults (ages 50–69), decaffeinated green tea catechins 336.4 mg/day did not significantly improve cognitive test scores versus placebo.
35.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — Consumption of green tea, but not black tea or coffee, is associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline2014
In a prospective study of 723 Japanese adults over 60, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower incidence of dementia and MCI over follow-up.
36.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — A combination of green tea extract and l-theanine improves memory and attention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled study2011
In a 16-week RCT of 91 adults with mild cognitive impairment, a green tea extract and L-theanine combination improved memory and attention scores versus placebo.
37.SupplementDEX Database: Age-related cognitive decline — Green tea consumption and cognitive function: a cross-sectional study from the Tsurugaya Project 12006
In a cross-sectional study of 1003 Japanese adults over 70, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower prevalence of cognitive impairment.
SupplementDEX Database · All-cause mortality
2 references38.SupplementDEX Database: All-cause mortality — Green Tea and Coffee Consumption and All-Cause Mortality Among Persons With and Without Stroke or Myocardial Infarction2021
In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, green tea consumption was associated with lower all-cause mortality in stroke survivors but not clearly in MI survivors.
39.SupplementDEX Database: All-cause mortality — Green tea consumption and mortality in Japanese men and women: a pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan2019
A pooled analysis of 8 Japanese cohorts (313,381 persons) found higher green tea consumption associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
SupplementDEX Database · Amyloidosis
1 reference40.SupplementDEX Database: Amyloidosis — Green tea halts progression of cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis: an observational report2012
In an observational study of 19 cardiac amyloidosis patients, green tea or EGCG consumption halted left ventricular wall thickening over 12 months in treated patients.
SupplementDEX Database · Athletic performance
4 references42.SupplementDEX Database: Athletic performance — Effect of endurance training supplemented with green tea extract on substrate metabolism during exercise in humans2010
In a 10-week training study, green tea extract 572.8 mg/day combined with endurance exercise increased fat oxidation during exercise versus training with placebo.
43.SupplementDEX Database: Athletic performance — No effects of three-week consumption of a green tea extract on time trial performance in endurance-trained men2010
In a crossover study of 9 endurance athletes, 3 weeks of green tea extract 159 mg/day catechins did not improve cycling time-trial performance versus placebo.
44.SupplementDEX Database: Athletic performance — Epigallocatechin-3-gallate increases maximal oxygen uptake in adult humans2009
In a crossover RCT of 19 healthy adults, short-term EGCG 135 mg/day increased maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) versus placebo.
41.Effects of Short-Term Green Tea Extract Supplementation on VO2 Max and Inflammatory and Antioxidant Responses of Healthy Young Men in a Hot Environment. See external sourceExternal source
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SupplementDEX Database · Beta-thalassemia
1 reference45.SupplementDEX Database: Beta-thalassemia — Green tea influence on iron overload in thalassemia intermedia patients: a randomized controlled trial2020
In an RCT of 68 thalassemia intermedia patients, green tea reduced serum ferritin and improved iron overload markers versus control over the study period.
SupplementDEX Database · Bladder cancer
5 references46.SupplementDEX Database: Bladder cancer — A meta-analysis of tea consumption and the risk of bladder cancer2013
A meta-analysis of observational studies found no significant association between tea consumption and bladder cancer risk.
47.SupplementDEX Database: Bladder cancer — The association of tea consumption with bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis2013
A meta-analysis of observational studies found no significant association between tea consumption and bladder cancer risk.
48.SupplementDEX Database: Bladder cancer — Tea consumption and risk of bladder cancer: a meta-analysis2012
A meta-analysis of observational studies found tea consumption was not associated with bladder cancer risk.
49.SupplementDEX Database: Bladder cancer — Prognostic significance of selected lifestyle factors in urinary bladder cancer1993
In a follow-up study of 258 bladder cancer patients, green tea consumption was associated with better 5-year survival in men.
50.SupplementDEX Database: Bladder cancer — Case-control study of urinary bladder cancer in metropolitan Nagoya1985
In a case-control study of 293 bladder cancer patients in Nagoya, green tea consumption was associated with reduced bladder cancer risk in women.
SupplementDEX Database · Breast cancer
11 references51.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Green Tea Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer and Recurrence-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies2018
A systematic review found higher green tea consumption associated with lower breast cancer incidence and recurrence risk in observational studies.
52.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — The association between green tea consumption and breast cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis2018
A meta-analysis of 14 observational studies found higher green tea consumption associated with lower breast cancer risk, though cohort evidence was weaker.
53.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Tea consumption and the risk of five major cancers: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies2014
A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies found higher tea consumption associated with lower breast, colorectal, and liver cancer risk, but not prostate or stomach cancer.
54.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Green tea consumption and breast cancer risk or recurrence: a meta-analysis2010
A meta-analysis of observational studies found no clear association between green tea consumption and breast cancer incidence or recurrence.
55.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — The effects of green tea consumption on incidence of breast cancer and recurrence of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis2005
A meta-analysis found higher green tea consumption associated with lower breast cancer incidence in cohort studies but not in case-control studies.
56.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Green tea intake, ACE gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk among Chinese women in Singapore2005
In a case-control study of Chinese women, green tea intake combined with low-activity ACE genotype was associated with lower breast cancer risk.
57.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Green tea and the risk of breast cancer: pooled analysis of two prospective studies in Japan2004
In a pooled analysis of 35,004 Japanese women (222 breast cancers), green tea intake was not associated with lower breast cancer risk (RR 0.84 for ≥5 vs <1 cup/day).
58.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Tea intake, COMT genotype, and breast cancer in Asian-American women2003
In a case-control study of Asian-American women, green tea intake was inversely associated with breast cancer risk, with effect modification by COMT genotype.
59.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Green tea and risk of breast cancer in Asian Americans2003
In a case-control study of Asian-American women, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower breast cancer risk versus lower intake.
60.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Regular consumption of green tea and the risk of breast cancer recurrence: follow-up study from the Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center (HERPACC), Japan2001
In a follow-up study of 1160 Japanese breast cancer patients, regular green tea consumption before diagnosis was associated with lower recurrence risk.
61.SupplementDEX Database: Breast cancer — Influence of drinking green tea on breast cancer malignancy among Japanese patients1998
In a study of 472 Japanese breast cancer patients, higher pre-diagnosis green tea consumption was associated with less lymph node involvement at surgery.
SupplementDEX Database · Cervical cancer
1 reference62.SupplementDEX Database: Cervical cancer — Results of a phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Polyphenon E in women with persistent high-risk HPV infection and low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia2014
In a phase II RCT of 98 women with HPV and CIN1, Polyphenon E 800 mg/day for 4 months did not significantly increase HPV clearance versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Cervical dysplasia
1 reference63.SupplementDEX Database: Cervical dysplasia — Protective effects of green tea extracts (polyphenon E and EGCG) on human cervical lesions2003
In a study of 51 women with HPV-related cervical lesions, topical or oral green tea polyphenols (poly E or EGCG) improved lesion regression versus untreated controls.
64.SupplementDEX Database: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) — Tea Consumption and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Middle-Aged and Older Singaporean Adults2021
In 4,617 Singaporean adults aged ≥55, ≥3 cups/day tea was associated with lower prevalent COPD (OR 0.77) and lower 4.5-year COPD incidence (OR 0.35), with strongest trends for green tea.
SupplementDEX Database · Cognitive performance
3 references65.SupplementDEX Database: Cognitive performance — Effects of the active botanical blend "WKUP GT" on attention and cognitive functions after lunch in healthy volunteers2024
In 30 healthy adults in a crossover trial, WKUP GT (carob, guarana, green tea, elderberry) after lunch improved rapid visual information processing and multitasking versus placebo, without raising systolic blood pressure like caffeine.
66.SupplementDEX Database: Cognitive performance — Effects of Daily Matcha and Caffeine Intake on Mild Acute Psychological Stress-Related Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study2021
In an RCT of 51 adults (ages 50–69), daily matcha or caffeine intake reduced acute psychological stress responses versus control, with matcha showing additional calming effects.
67.SupplementDEX Database: Cognitive performance — Epigallocatechin gallate, cerebral blood flow parameters, cognitive performance and mood in healthy humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover investigation2012
In a crossover RCT of 27 healthy adults, EGCG 135–270 mg improved calmness and reduced mental fatigue during cognitive tasks versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Colorectal adenoma
2 references68.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal adenoma — Green Tea Extract to Prevent Colorectal Adenomas, Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial2022
In a 3-year RCT of 879 adults with prior colorectal adenomas, green tea extract 300 mg/day (150 mg EGCG twice daily) did not reduce recurrent adenoma rate versus placebo.
69.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal adenoma — Green tea extracts for the prevention of metachronous colorectal adenomas: a pilot study2008
In a 12-month pilot RCT of 136 patients with prior colorectal adenomas, green tea extract 1.5 g/day did not reduce metachronous adenoma recurrence versus control.
SupplementDEX Database · Colorectal cancer
7 references70.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Protective Effect of Green Tea Consumption on Colorectal Cancer Varies by Lifestyle Factors2019
In a Korean case-control study of 2742 participants, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower colorectal cancer risk, especially among physically active adults.
71.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Association between green tea and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 13 case-control studies2012
A meta-analysis of 13 case-control studies found higher green tea consumption associated with lower colorectal cancer risk.
72.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Green tea and incidence of colorectal cancer: evidence from prospective cohort studies2012
A meta-analysis of 6 prospective cohorts (352,275 participants) found no significant association between green tea consumption and colorectal cancer incidence.
73.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Green tea, black tea and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies2006
A meta-analysis of 25 studies found green tea associated with 18% lower colorectal cancer risk (OR 0.82) in case-control studies; black tea showed no association (OR 0.99) with substantial heterogeneity.
74.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Tea and coffee consumption and the risk of digestive tract cancers: data from a comparative case-referent study in Japan1998
In a Japanese hospital case-referent study, ≥7 cups/day green tea lowered stomach cancer risk (OR 0.69); rectal cancer risk fell with ≥3 cups/day coffee (OR 0.46); black tea associations were not significant.
75.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Green tea consumption and the risk of pancreatic and colorectal cancers1997
In a Shanghai case-control study, green tea consumption was associated with lower colon and rectal cancer risk but not pancreatic cancer risk.
76.SupplementDEX Database: Colorectal cancer — Dietary habits and gastro-intestinal cancers: a comparative case-control study of stomach and large intestinal cancers in Nagoya, Japan1985
A Japanese case-control study of stomach and colorectal cancers found salted foods raised stomach cancer risk and Western-style breakfast raised colon cancer risk; tea and alcohol showed no clear associations.
SupplementDEX Database · Common cold
1 reference77.SupplementDEX Database: Common cold — Specific formulation of Camellia sinensis prevents cold and flu symptoms and enhances gamma,delta T cell function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study2007
In a 3-month double-blind RCT, a Camellia sinensis (green tea) capsule formulation reduced cold and flu symptom incidence and enhanced gamma-delta T-cell function versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Dementia
3 references78.SupplementDEX Database: Dementia — Alcohol, coffee and tea intake and the risk of cognitive deficits: a dose-response meta-analysis2021
A dose-response meta-analysis found moderate tea consumption associated with lower cognitive deficit risk, while heavy alcohol intake increased risk.
79.SupplementDEX Database: Dementia — Association of coffee, green tea, and caffeine with the risk of dementia in older Japanese people2021
In an 8-year cohort of 13,757 middle-aged and older adults, coffee and green tea consumption were inversely associated with incident dementia risk.
80.SupplementDEX Database: Dementia — Consumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank2021
In 365,682 UK Biobank participants followed 11.4 years, 2–3 cups/day coffee plus 2–3 cups/day tea was associated with 32% lower stroke and 28% lower dementia risk versus non-consumers.
SupplementDEX Database · Depression
4 references81.SupplementDEX Database: Depression — Green Tea Consumption and Risk of Depression Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies2022
A meta-analysis found higher green tea consumption associated with lower depression risk in observational studies, with stronger associations in Asian cohorts.
82.SupplementDEX Database: Depression — Green tea consumption and risk of depressive symptoms: Results from the TCLSIH Cohort Study2022
In a prospective cohort of 7524 adults followed up to 5 years, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower depressive symptoms versus lower intake.
83.SupplementDEX Database: Depression — Green tea and coffee consumption is inversely associated with depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population2014
In a cross-sectional study of 537 Japanese workers (ages 20–68), higher green tea and coffee consumption were inversely associated with depressive symptoms.
84.SupplementDEX Database: Depression — Green tea consumption is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly2009
In a cross-sectional study of 1058 elderly Japanese, higher green tea consumption was associated with lower prevalence of depressive symptoms.
SupplementDEX Database · Diabetic neuropathy
1 reference85.SupplementDEX Database: Diabetic neuropathy — Green tea extract for mild-to-moderate diabetic peripheral neuropathy A randomized controlled trial2021
In a 16-week RCT of 194 diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients, green tea extract did not significantly improve neuropathy symptom or nerve conduction scores versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Down syndrome
1 reference86.SupplementDEX Database: Down syndrome — Green tea extracts containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate modulate facial development in Down syndrome2021
In a mouse model and observational human analysis, green tea EGCG supplementation partially improved craniofacial development abnormalities associated with Down syndrome.
SupplementDEX Database · Dry eye
1 reference87.SupplementDEX Database: Dry eye — Efficacy of Green Tea Extract for Treatment of Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction; A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study2017
In a 2-month double-blind RCT of 60 dry eye patients (ages 30–70), green tea extract improved tear break-up time and symptom scores versus standard artificial tears alone.
SupplementDEX Database · Dysmenorrhea
1 reference88.SupplementDEX Database: Dysmenorrhea — Association of tea drinking and dysmenorrhoea among reproductive-age women in Shanghai, China (2013-2015): a cross-sectional study2019
In a cross-sectional study of 1183 reproductive-age women in Shanghai, tea drinking was associated with lower odds of dysmenorrhea, with stronger associations for green tea.
SupplementDEX Database · Esophageal cancer
10 references89.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green tea consumption and risk for esophageal cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis2021
A dose-response meta-analysis of 14 studies found higher green tea consumption associated with lower esophageal cancer risk in non-smokers but not in smokers.
90.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green Tea Consumption and Esophageal Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis2019
A meta-analysis of 20 studies found higher green tea consumption associated with lower esophageal cancer risk in cohort studies but not in case-control studies.
91.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Long-term green tea extract supplementation does not affect fat absorption, resting energy expenditure, and body composition in adults2015
In 60 adults (ages 18–50), 12 weeks of green tea extract (>0.56 g/day EGCG) did not change fecal fat absorption, resting energy expenditure, or body composition versus placebo.
92.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green tea consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies2013
A meta-analysis of 12 observational studies found no clear overall link between green tea and esophageal cancer (pooled RR 1.09 for highest vs lowest intake), though subgroup analysis suggested lower risk in women (RR 0.46).
93.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Effects of green tea, black tea, and coffee consumption on the risk of esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies2013
A meta-analysis found green tea associated with lower esophageal cancer risk (OR 0.77 overall; 0.70 in case-control studies), while black tea showed no significant association (OR 1.35).
94.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green tea consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies2012
A meta-analysis of 10 epidemiologic studies (33,731 participants) found no overall association between green tea and esophageal cancer, but high intake was linked to lower risk in women (RR/OR 0.32–0.45).
95.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green tea drinking, high tea temperature and esophageal cancer in high- and low-risk areas of Jiangsu Province, China: a population-based case-control study2009
In a Chinese case-control study (1,520 cases, 3,879 controls), drinking tea at high temperature raised esophageal cancer risk; green tea itself was not protective after adjusting for temperature.
96.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Intervention and follow-up on human esophageal precancerous lesions in Henan, northern China, a high-incidence area for esophageal cancer2002
In 200 adults with esophageal precancerous lesions in Henan, China, 5 mg/day decaffeinated green tea for 12 months did not reduce lesion severity or abnormal cell proliferation versus placebo.
97.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Green tea and cancer in humans: a review of the literature1998
A narrative review of 31 human green tea studies found mixed cancer associations across sites, with the strongest inverse evidence for esophageal cancer.
98.SupplementDEX Database: Esophageal cancer — Reduced risk of esophageal cancer associated with green tea consumption1994
In a Shanghai case-control study of 902 adults (ages 30–74), green tea consumption was associated with lower esophageal cancer risk in women (OR 0.50) and in non-smoking, non-drinking men and women.
SupplementDEX Database · Flu
4 references99.SupplementDEX Database: Flu — Anti-Influenza with Green Tea Catechins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021
A meta-analysis of eight studies (5,048 participants) found green tea catechins reduced influenza risk versus control (RR 0.67 in five RCTs and 0.52 in three cohort studies).
100.SupplementDEX Database: Flu — Green tea consumption and influenza infection among Japanese employees2020
In a case-control study of 4,302 Japanese workers (179 influenza cases), drinking green tea ≥5 cups/week was associated with lower influenza odds (OR 0.61) versus <1 cup/week.
101.SupplementDEX Database: Flu — Effects of green tea gargling on the prevention of influenza infection in high school students: a randomized controlled study2014
In 757 Japanese high school students gargling green tea or water three times daily for 90 days, green tea did not significantly reduce laboratory-confirmed influenza versus water (4.9% vs 6.9%).
102.SupplementDEX Database: Flu — Effects of green tea catechins and theanine on preventing influenza infection among healthcare workers: a randomized controlled trial2011
In 197 healthcare workers over 5 months, green tea catechins (378 mg/day) plus theanine (210 mg/day) lowered clinically defined influenza versus placebo (4.1% vs 13.1%; adjusted OR 0.25).
SupplementDEX Database · Fractures
1 reference103.SupplementDEX Database: Fractures — Habitual Tea Consumption and Risk of Fracture in 0.5 Million Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study2018
In 453,625 Chinese adults (ages 35–74) followed in the China Kadoorie Biobank, habitual tea consumption was not associated with higher hospitalized fracture risk.
SupplementDEX Database · High blood pressure
9 references104.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Effect of Green Tea on Blood Pressure in Healthy Individuals: A Meta-Analysis2023
A meta-analysis of RCTs in healthy adults found green tea produced small but statistically significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
105.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Sex differences in the association between green tea consumption and hypertension in elderly Chinese adults2021
In 9,277 elderly Chinese adults from the CLHLS cohort, higher green tea intake was inversely associated with hypertension, with stronger associations in women.
106.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Effect of green tea supplementation on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2020
A meta-analysis of randomized trials (1,697 participants) found green tea supplementation modestly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adults.
107.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — The effects of regular consumption of green or black tea beverage on blood pressure in those with elevated blood pressure or hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis2020
A meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (408 adults with elevated BP or hypertension) found regular tea reduced systolic BP by 4.81 mmHg and diastolic by 1.98 mmHg; green tea effects appeared more pronounced than black tea.
108.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Effect of green tea supplementation on blood pressure among overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis2015
A meta-analysis of RCTs in 971 overweight or obese adults found green tea or green tea extract produced modest decreases in blood pressure versus control.
109.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Effects of tea intake on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials2014
A meta-analysis of 1,476 participants in tea RCTs found black and green tea intake modestly lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
110.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — The effect of green tea and sour tea on blood pressure of patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial2013
In mildly hypertensive adults with type 2 diabetes, 4 weeks of green tea or sour (hibiscus) tea produced modest blood pressure reductions versus baseline.
111.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Green tea extract reduces blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress and improves parameters associated with insulin resistance in obese, hypertensive patients2012
In a 3-month RCT of obese hypertensive adults, 379 mg/day green tea extract lowered blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress versus placebo.
112.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — The protective effect of habitual tea consumption on hypertension2004
In 1,507 adults followed about 1 year, habitual tea drinking was associated with lower risk of newly diagnosed hypertension after confounder adjustment.
SupplementDEX Database · Hypotension
3 references113.SupplementDEX Database: Hypotension — Effects of green tea ingestion on postprandial drops in blood pressure in older adults2012
In 29 older adults prone to postprandial hypotension, drinking 400 mL green tea before lunch attenuated post-meal systolic blood pressure drops versus no tea.
114.SupplementDEX Database: Hypotension — Effect of coffee and tea drinking on postprandial hypotension in older men and women1996
In 171 adults over 50, tea or coffee drinking attenuated postprandial systolic BP drops after meals versus abstaining from caffeine; tea reduced supine systolic fall by 3.8 mmHg in treated hypertensives.
115.SupplementDEX Database: Hypotension — The effect of caffeine on postprandial hypotension in the elderly1991
In 7 fit elderly subjects, caffeine with a meal prevented the 14 mmHg postprandial fall in supine systolic BP seen with placebo, maintaining BP near baseline (+9 mmHg at 60 min).
SupplementDEX Database · Infertility
1 reference116.SupplementDEX Database: Infertility — Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of Fertilityblend: a nutritional supplement for improving fertility in women2006
In 53 women (ages 24–42) trying to conceive, FertilityBlend (chasteberry, green tea, L-arginine, vitamins) increased pregnancy rate versus placebo over 3 months.
SupplementDEX Database · Kidney cancer
1 reference117.SupplementDEX Database: Kidney cancer — Green tea and coffee consumption and risk of kidney cancer in Japanese adults2022
In 102,463 Japanese adults followed ~19 years, green tea and coffee consumption were examined for kidney cancer risk in the JPHC cohort.
SupplementDEX Database · Kidney stones
1 reference118.SupplementDEX Database: Kidney stones — Green tea intake and risk of incident kidney stones: Prospective cohort studies in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals2019
In two Shanghai cohorts (58,054 men and 69,166 women), higher green tea intake was associated with lower incident kidney stone risk after multivariable adjustment.
SupplementDEX Database · Leukemia
3 references119.SupplementDEX Database: Leukemia — Green tea consumption and risk of hematologic neoplasms: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC Study)2019
In 65,042 Japanese adults (ages 40–79), green tea consumption showed no clear overall association with incident hematologic neoplasms.
120.SupplementDEX Database: Leukemia — A population-based, case-control study of green tea consumption and leukemia risk in southwestern Taiwan2009
In a Taiwanese case-control study, higher green tea catechin intake was associated with lower leukemia risk after adjustment for confounders.
121.SupplementDEX Database: Leukemia — Possible protective effect of green tea intake on risk of adult leukaemia2008
In a Chinese case-control study of 107 leukemia cases and 110 controls, longer duration and higher quantity of green tea intake were linked to lower adult leukemia risk.
SupplementDEX Database · Liver cancer
3 references122.SupplementDEX Database: Liver cancer — Coffee, Green Tea Intake, and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies2023
A meta-analysis of 32 observational studies found higher coffee and green tea intake each associated with lower hepatocellular carcinoma risk.
123.SupplementDEX Database: Liver cancer — Cumulative consumption of tea is associated with lower risk of liver cancer: Updated results from the Shanghai Women's Health Study2023
In the Shanghai Women's Health Study, greater cumulative tea consumption was associated with lower primary liver cancer risk in middle-aged Chinese women.
124.SupplementDEX Database: Liver cancer — Green tea and liver cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in Asian populations2016
A meta-analysis of Asian prospective cohorts (465,274 participants) suggested higher green tea consumption linked to lower liver cancer risk.
SupplementDEX Database · Lung cancer
3 references125.SupplementDEX Database: Lung cancer — Coffee and tea consumption and risk of lung cancer: a dose-response analysis of observational studies2012
A dose-response meta-analysis found no consistent linear association between black tea intake and lung cancer risk; coffee showed a significant positive linear relationship with lung cancer in the analysis.
126.SupplementDEX Database: Lung cancer — Green tea, black tea consumption and risk of lung cancer: a meta-analysis2009
A meta-analysis pooling green and black tea studies found no consistent overall protective association with lung cancer risk.
127.SupplementDEX Database: Lung cancer — Dietary phytoestrogens and lung cancer risk2005
In a U.S. case-control study of 1,674 lung cancer cases and 1,735 controls, higher dietary phytoestrogen intake was associated with lower lung cancer risk after adjustment for confounders.
SupplementDEX Database · Lupus
1 reference128.SupplementDEX Database: Lupus — A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial Examining the Effects of Green Tea Extract on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity and Quality of Life2017
In 68 adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (avg age 39), 1,000 mg/day green tea for 12 weeks did not significantly improve disease activity or quality of life versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Metabolic syndrome
1 reference129.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Green tea minimally affects biomarkers of inflammation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome2011
In 35 obese adults with metabolic syndrome, 8 weeks of green tea (4 cups/day) produced minimal changes in inflammatory biomarkers versus control.
130.SupplementDEX Database: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease — Effects of green tea or green tea catechin on liver enzymes in healthy individuals and people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2020
A meta-analysis of RCTs found green tea or catechin supplementation produced modest improvements in liver enzymes in healthy adults and people with NAFLD.
131.SupplementDEX Database: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease — Green tea as a safe alternative approach for nonalcoholic fatty liver treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials2018
A meta-analysis of NAFLD trials found green tea supplementation (~843 mg/day) improved hepatic biomarkers and some metabolic parameters versus control.
132.SupplementDEX Database: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease — Green tea with high-density catechins improves liver function and fat infiltration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled study2013
In NAFLD patients, 12 weeks of high-catechin green tea (700 mL/day) improved liver enzymes and reduced hepatic fat on imaging versus low-catechin tea or placebo.
133.SupplementDEX Database: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma — Effects of Coffee, Black Tea and Green Tea Consumption on the Risk of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies2019
A dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies (315,972 participants) found inconsistent associations between coffee, black tea, green tea, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk.
SupplementDEX Database · Obesity
22 references134.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — The effect of high-polyphenol Mediterranean diet on visceral adiposity: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial2022
In the 18-month DIRECT-PLUS trial (294 participants), a polyphenol-enriched green-Mediterranean diet produced greater visceral fat loss than standard Mediterranean or healthy dietary guidelines.
135.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effect of Decaffeinated Green Tea Polyphenols on Body Fat and Precocious Puberty in Obese Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial2021
In 31 obese girls (ages 6–10), 12 weeks of decaffeinated green tea polyphenols (400 mg/day) reduced body fat and improved markers related to precocious puberty versus placebo.
136.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effect of Green Tea on Anthropometric Indices and Body Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2020
A meta-analysis in type 2 diabetes found green tea produced small favorable effects on weight-related anthropometric indices and body composition.
137.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — The effect of green tea supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2020
A dose-response meta-analysis of obesity RCTs found green tea supplementation (~800 mg/day) produced modest reductions in body weight and BMI versus control.
138.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Long-Term Supplementation of Green Tea Extract Does Not Modify Adiposity or Bone Mineral Density in a Randomized Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women2016
In 61 overweight postmenopausal women over 12 months, decaffeinated green tea extract (843 mg/day) did not significantly change adiposity or bone mineral density versus placebo.
139.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — The Effect of Green Tea Ingestion and Interval Sprinting Exercise on the Body Composition of Overweight Males: A Randomized Trial2016
In 48 overweight men over 12 weeks, green tea plus interval sprint training produced greater body composition improvements than either intervention alone.
140.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — IQP-GC-101 reduces body weight and body fat mass: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study2014
In a 12-week RCT, the green tea–based blend IQP-GC-101 produced greater reductions in body weight and body fat mass versus placebo in overweight adults (ages 18–60).
141.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — The effects of green tea consumption and resistance training on body composition and resting metabolic rate in overweight or obese women2013
In 36 overweight or obese women, green tea combined with resistance training produced modest changes in body composition and resting metabolic rate versus control.
142.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults2012
A Cochrane systematic review of green tea weight-loss trials (1,030 participants) concluded green tea products produce little to no clinically meaningful weight loss versus control.
144.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised controlled cross-over trial2011
In a crossover trial of overweight men (ages 40–69), decaffeinated green tea catechins (1,060 mg/day) produced modest improvements in body composition and cardiovascular markers.
145.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Does supplementation with green tea extract improve insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetics? A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial2011
In 80 obese adults with type 2 diabetes, 16 weeks of decaffeinated green tea extract (856 mg EGCG/day) improved insulin resistance versus placebo.
146.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effect of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on anthropometric measures: a systematic review and meta-analysis2010
A meta-analysis of 15 RCTs (1,243 adults) found green tea catechins with caffeine reduced BMI, body weight, and waist circumference versus caffeine alone, but catechins without caffeine showed no anthropometric benefit.
147.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition2010
In a 90-day RCT in moderately overweight Chinese adults, high-catechin green tea improved body composition, including body fat, versus placebo.
148.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome2010
In 35 obese adults with metabolic syndrome, 8 weeks of green tea reduced body weight and improved lipid and oxidative stress markers versus control.
149.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2008
In 41 obese women over 12 weeks, green tea extract (400 mg/day) modestly reduced body weight and waist circumference versus placebo.
150.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effectiveness of green tea on weight reduction in obese Thais: A randomized, controlled trial2008
In 60 obese Thai adults over 12 weeks, green tea intervention produced greater weight loss than control on a standardized diet.
151.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Catechin safely improved higher levels of fatness, blood pressure, and cholesterol in children2008
In obese Japanese children, 24 weeks of catechin-rich green tea (576 mg/day) safely improved adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol versus low-catechin control.
152.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans2007
In 123 Japanese adults with visceral obesity, 583 mg/day catechin-rich green tea for 12 weeks reduced body fat and improved cardiovascular risk factors versus 96 mg/day control.
153.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Can EGCG reduce abdominal fat in obese subjects?2007
In overweight postmenopausal women exercising 12 weeks, EGCG (300 mg/day) produced limited additional abdominal fat loss versus placebo.
154.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effects of green tea on weight maintenance after body-weight loss2004
In adults who lost 5–10% body weight, green tea (104 mg/day catechins) during weight maintenance attenuated weight regain versus placebo over follow-up.
155.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Recent findings of green tea extract AR25 (Exolise) and its activity for the treatment of obesity2002
An open-label study of green tea extract AR25 reported ~4.6% body weight and ~4.5% waist circumference reductions over 3 months in moderately obese patients.
143.Effects of catechin-enriched green tea beverage on visceral fat loss in adults with a high proportion of visceral fat: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. See external sourceExternal source
SupplementDEX Database · Oral cancer
2 references156.SupplementDEX Database: Oral cancer — Association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer: a meta-analysis2014
A meta-analysis of 14 observational studies found mixed evidence on tea consumption and oral cancer risk, with no uniform protective effect.
157.SupplementDEX Database: Oral cancer — Phase II randomized, placebo-controlled trial of green tea extract in patients with high-risk oral premalignant lesions2009
In a phase II RCT of high-risk oral premalignant lesions, green tea extract (500–1,000 mg/m² three times daily for 12 weeks) showed higher clinical response rates (50% vs 18%) that did not reach significance.
SupplementDEX Database · Oral health
6 references158.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — Green tea and hyaluronic acid gel enhance fibroblast activation and improves the gingival healing post-third molar extraction2024
In 20 patients after bilateral third molar extraction, a green tea and hyaluronic acid gel improved fibroblast activation and gingival healing versus control.
159.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — Impact of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) on periodontitis and caries. Systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs (870 participants) found green tea beneficial for periodontitis and dental caries outcomes versus control.
160.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — Effect of green tea, ginger plus green tea, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on plaque-induced gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial2021
In 60 children (ages 10–14) with plaque-induced gingivitis, green tea and ginger-plus-green tea mouthwashes improved gingival inflammation versus baseline.
161.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — Thermo-reversible green tea catechin gel for local application in chronic periodontitis: a 4-week clinical trial2013
In 30 patients with chronic periodontitis, a 4-week thermo-reversible green tea catechin gel as an adjunct improved periodontal clinical measures versus control.
162.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — Relationship between intake of green tea and periodontal disease2009
In 940 Japanese men (ages 49–59), higher green tea intake was associated with better periodontal health markers, including lower probing depth and attachment loss.
163.SupplementDEX Database: Oral health — The effect of sugar-free green tea chew candies on the degree of inflammation of the gingiva2000
In 47 adults, sugar-free green tea chew candies reduced gingival inflammation versus control in a double-blind clinical study.
SupplementDEX Database · Oral leukoplakia
1 reference164.SupplementDEX Database: Oral leukoplakia — The chemopreventive effects of tea on human oral precancerous mucosa lesions1999
In 59 patients with oral leukoplakia, 6 months of mixed tea (3 g/day oral plus topical) reduced lesion size in 37.9% of treated patients versus 3.2% of controls.
SupplementDEX Database · Osteopenia
2 references165.SupplementDEX Database: Osteopenia — Relationship between Regular Green Tea Intake and Osteoporosis in Korean Postmenopausal Women: A Nationwide Study2021
In 37,753 Korean postmenopausal women, regular green tea intake was examined for associations with bone mineral density and osteoporosis risk in a nationwide study.
166.SupplementDEX Database: Osteopenia — Effect of green tea and Tai Chi on bone health in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a 6-month randomized placebo-controlled trial2012
In 50 postmenopausal women with osteopenia over 6 months, green tea polyphenols (500 mg/day) and/or Tai Chi increased bone formation markers and muscle strength versus control.
SupplementDEX Database · Osteoporosis
1 reference167.SupplementDEX Database: Osteoporosis — Epidemiological evidence of increased bone mineral density in habitual tea drinkers2002
In 1,037 Taiwanese adults, habitual tea drinking >10 years was associated with 5% higher lumbar spine, hip neck, and Ward triangle BMD; duration of tea consumption was the only independent BMD determinant.
SupplementDEX Database · Parkinson's disease
2 references168.SupplementDEX Database: Parkinson's disease — Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women2001
In 88,565 US health professionals followed up to 16 years, caffeine intake was strongly inversely associated with Parkinson disease in men but showed a U-shaped relationship in women, with tea showing a protective trend.
169.SupplementDEX Database: Parkinson's disease — Association of coffee and caffeine intake with the risk of Parkinson disease2000
In 8,004 Japanese-American men followed 30 years, higher coffee and caffeine intake was linearly associated with lower Parkinson disease incidence; tea was not separately analyzed in this cohort.
SupplementDEX Database · Pneumonia
2 references170.SupplementDEX Database: Pneumonia — Association between coffee and green tea intake and pneumonia among the Japanese elderly: a case-control study2021
A Japanese case-control study in elderly adults examined coffee and green tea intake in relation to pneumonia risk.
171.SupplementDEX Database: Pneumonia — Green tea and death from pneumonia in Japan: the Ohsaki cohort study2009
In the Ohsaki cohort (21,493 adults, ages 40–79), higher green tea consumption was associated with lower mortality from pneumonia over follow-up.
SupplementDEX Database · Prostate cancer
10 references172.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — The effect of green tea on prostate specific antigen (PSA): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2021
A meta-analysis of RCTs found green tea did not significantly change prostate-specific antigen levels in prostate cancer patients versus control.
173.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Green tea and the risk of prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis2017
A meta-analysis found higher green tea intake associated with lower prostate cancer risk, though results varied by study design and population.
174.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Tea consumption and prostate cancer: an updated meta-analysis2014
An updated meta-analysis of tea and prostate cancer studies suggested a potential protective association, with pooled estimates favoring higher tea intake.
175.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Green tea and black tea consumption and prostate cancer risk: an exploratory meta-analysis of observational studies2011
An exploratory meta-analysis suggested green tea may be associated with lower prostate cancer risk, while black tea showed less consistent effects.
176.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Green tea consumption and prostate cancer risk in Japanese men: a prospective study2008
In 49,920 Japanese men (ages 40–69) in the JPHC Study, high green tea intake was associated with lower prostate cancer risk in prospective follow-up.
177.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — No association between green tea and prostate cancer risk in Japanese men: the Ohsaki Cohort Study2006
In 19,561 Japanese men in the Ohsaki cohort, green tea intake was not associated with lower prostate cancer risk (110 cases; HR 0.85 for ≥5 vs <1 cup/day, NS).
178.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Chemoprevention of human prostate cancer by oral administration of green tea catechins in volunteers with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a preliminary report from a one-year proof-of-principle study2006
In 60 men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, 600 mg/day green tea catechins for 1 year reduced progression to prostate cancer versus placebo.
179.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — A prospective clinical trial of green tea for hormone refractory prostate cancer: an evaluation of the complementary/alternative therapy approach2005
In 19 patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer, green tea extract (250 mg twice daily) showed minimal clinical benefit; most patients progressed within 2 months.
180.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — Protective effect of green tea against prostate cancer: a case-control study in southeast China2004
In a Shanghai case-control study, regular green tea consumption was associated with lower prostate cancer risk, especially with longer duration and higher intake.
181.SupplementDEX Database: Prostate cancer — A phase II trial of green tea in the treatment of patients with androgen independent metastatic prostate carcinoma2003
In a phase II trial of 42 androgen-independent prostate cancer patients, green tea did not produce meaningful PSA declines or disease stabilization.
182.SupplementDEX Database: Radiation dermatitis — Efficacy of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in Preventing Dermatitis in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Postoperative Radiotherapy: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial2022
In 111 breast cancer patients receiving postoperative radiotherapy, EGCG solution reduced radiation-induced dermatitis incidence versus placebo in a phase 2 RCT.
183.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Tea consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium2022
A pooled analysis from the StoP Project (9,438 gastric cancer cases, 20,451 controls) found no significant overall association between regular tea drinking and gastric cancer.
184.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Green tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies2009
A meta-analysis of 13 epidemiologic studies found no consistent evidence that green tea lowers stomach cancer risk.
185.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Green tea and gastric cancer risk: meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies2008
A meta-analysis of 14 studies (6,123 gastric cancer cases) found green tea consumption was not significantly associated with lower gastric cancer risk overall.
186.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Protective effect of green tea on the risks of chronic gastritis and stomach cancer2001
In a Chinese case-control study (133 stomach cancer, 166 chronic gastritis, 433 controls), frequent green tea drinking was linked to lower stomach cancer and gastritis risk.
187.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Green tea and the risk of gastric cancer in Japan2001
In 26,311 Japanese adults followed ~7.6 years, green tea consumption was not clearly associated with gastric cancer incidence.
188.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — The influence of cigarette smoking, alcohol, and green tea consumption on the risk of carcinoma of the cardia and distal stomach in Shanghai, China1996
In a Shanghai study of 1,124 stomach cancer cases and 1,451 controls, green tea was associated with lower risk of distal stomach cancer but not cardia cancer.
189.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Green-tea consumption and risk of stomach cancer: a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China1995
In a Shanghai case-control study, green tea consumption showed an inverse association with stomach cancer risk.
190.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — Risk factors for stomach cancer: a population-based case-control study in Shanghai1991
In a Shanghai case-control study of 84 stomach cancer cases and 2,676 controls, low green tea consumption was among factors associated with higher stomach cancer risk.
191.SupplementDEX Database: Stomach cancer (Gastric cancer) — A case-control study of gastric cancer and diet in northern Kyushu, Japan1988
In a Japanese case-control study (139 gastric cancer cases), high tea consumption was among dietary factors examined for gastric cancer risk in northern Kyushu.
SupplementDEX Database · Stress
1 reference192.SupplementDEX Database: Stress — Acute neurocognitive effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)2012
In a crossover RCT, a single 300 mg dose of EGCG modulated self-reported mood and brain activity measures in healthy adults versus placebo.
SupplementDEX Database · Stretch marks
1 reference193.SupplementDEX Database: Stretch marks — Efficacy of green tea ( Camellia sinensis Linn) 3% extract cream on improvement of striae distensae2024
In 36 women (ages 18–25) with striae distensae, an 8-week twice-daily 3% green tea extract cream improved stretch mark appearance versus control.
SupplementDEX Database · Stroke
2 references194.SupplementDEX Database: Stroke — Tea consumption and cerebral hemorrhage risk: a meta-analysis2022
A meta-analysis of 721,827 participants found moderate tea consumption associated with lower cerebral hemorrhage risk.
195.SupplementDEX Database: Stroke — Possible contribution of green tea drinking habits to the prevention of stroke1989
Among 5,910 Japanese women aged 40+, those drinking more green tea had less stroke history, independent of age, residence, and salt intake.
SupplementDEX Database · Sunburn
1 reference196.SupplementDEX Database: Sunburn — Green Tea Catechin Association with Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Erythema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021
A meta-analysis of RCTs found oral green tea catechins over 6–12 weeks increased the UV dose needed to induce skin erythema versus control.
SupplementDEX Database · Tinea
1 reference197.SupplementDEX Database: Tinea — Effects of a foot bath containing green tea polyphenols on interdigital tinea pedis2013
In 94 elderly patients with interdigital tinea pedis, foot baths with green tea polyphenols over 12 weeks improved affected area and symptoms versus lukewarm water.
SupplementDEX Database · Type 2 diabetes
13 references198.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — The effect of green tea on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis2024
A meta-analysis of 15 RCTs (722 type 2 diabetes patients) found green tea significantly improved fasting glucose and related metabolic markers versus control.
199.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Effect of green tea on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A meta-analysis of RCTs in type 2 diabetes found green tea supplementation lowered fasting glucose, HbA1c, and insulin resistance markers versus control.
200.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Tea consumption and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications: a cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults2021
In 482,425 diabetes-free and 30,300 diabetic Chinese adults (ages 30–79), tea consumption was examined for long-term type 2 diabetes and complication risk.
201.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Effect of green tea extract on lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis2020
A meta-analysis found green tea extract (~800 mg/day) significantly improved lipid profiles, including total cholesterol, in type 2 diabetes patients.
202.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Additive effects of green tea and coffee on all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry2020
In 4,923 Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes followed ~5.3 years, combined high green tea and coffee intake was associated with lower all-cause mortality.
203.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Green tea consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: the Shanghai Women's Health Study and the Shanghai Men's Health Study2018
In two Shanghai cohorts (>119,000 adults), regular green tea drinking was associated with lower incident type 2 diabetes over 5–10 years of follow-up.
204.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Effect of green tea on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials2013
A meta-analysis of 17 RCTs (1,133 participants) found green tea modestly improved fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity versus control.
205.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Associations of green tea and rock tea consumption with risk of impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in Chinese men and women2013
In 4,808 Chinese adults, moderate green and rock tea consumption was associated with lower odds of impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance.
206.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Effectiveness of green tea in a randomized human cohort: relevance to diabetes and its complications2013
In a 14-week RCT, adults at risk of diabetes who drank 3 cups/day of Mauritian green tea showed improvements in waist-hip ratio, glucose, blood pressure, and ALT versus control.
207.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Effects of green tea catechins with or without caffeine on glycemic control in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2013
A meta-analysis of 1,584 adults found green tea catechins (~583 mg/day), with or without caffeine, improved fasting blood glucose versus control.
208.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — A catechin-rich beverage improves obesity and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes2009
In 43 type 2 diabetes patients over 12 weeks, catechin-rich green tea (583 mg/day) reduced waist circumference and improved adiponectin and glycemic markers versus low-catechin control.
209.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — The relationship between green tea and total caffeine intake and risk for self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults2006
In 17,413 Japanese adults aged 40–65 followed 5 years, ≥6 cups/day green tea (OR 0.67) and ≥3 cups/day coffee (OR 0.58) were inversely associated with self-reported type 2 diabetes; black or oolong tea were not.
210.SupplementDEX Database: Type 2 diabetes — Randomized controlled trial for an effect of green tea consumption on insulin resistance and inflammation markers2005
In 66 borderline or diabetic adults over 2 months, green tea extract (544 mg polyphenols/day) improved insulin resistance and inflammatory markers versus control.
SupplementDEX Database · Ulcerative colitis
1 reference211.SupplementDEX Database: Ulcerative colitis — A pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an oral dose of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-rich polyphenon E in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis2013
In a pilot RCT of mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis, daily EGCG-rich Polyphenon E (400 or 800 mg) did not significantly improve disease activity versus placebo over 56 days.
212.SupplementDEX Database: Upper respiratory tract infection — Effect of CYSTUS052 and green tea on subjective symptoms in patients with infection of the upper respiratory tract2010
In 300 patients with upper respiratory tract infection, CYSTUS052 and green tea were compared for symptom relief in a randomized double-blind study.
213.SupplementDEX Database: Urinary tract infection (UTI) — Green tea as an adjunctive therapy for treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women: A randomized clinical trial2019
A blinded randomized clinical trial comparing four 500 mg capsules of green tea extract daily for three days plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus placebo plus the same antibiotic in women with acute uncomplicated cystitis, showing a statistically significant faster reduction in cystitis symptoms and improved urinalysis results in the green tea group.
SupplementDEX Database · Wrinkles
3 references214.SupplementDEX Database: Wrinkles — Green tea polyphenols provide photoprotection, increase microcirculation, and modulate skin properties of women2011
In 60 women over 12 weeks, oral green tea polyphenols (1,402 mg catechins/day) improved photoprotection, skin microcirculation, and skin properties versus placebo.
215.SupplementDEX Database: Wrinkles — A two-year, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of oral green tea polyphenols on the long-term clinical and histologic appearance of photoaging skin2009
In 56 women (ages 25–75) over 2 years, oral green tea polyphenols (500 mg twice daily) slowed progression of photoaging skin changes versus placebo.
216.SupplementDEX Database: Wrinkles — Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of green tea extracts in the clinical and histologic appearance of photoaging skin2005
In 40 women with moderate photoaging over 8 weeks, combined topical and oral green tea extract (600 mg/day) modestly improved clinical and histologic skin appearance versus placebo.