Dyslipidemia
Supplements studied for dyslipidemia.
Overview
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Oats both rate WA 76 with high effect and evidence. Prescription niacin (≥500 mg) is approved for certain lipid disorders and can lower LDL, triglycerides, and raise HDL at higher doses, though it has not shown mortality benefit. Daily oat products providing 3.6–10 g soluble fiber reduce total cholesterol by about 4–14 mg/dL.
Gamma-Oryzanol, Cassia Cinnamon, and Yerba Mate (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) show medium evidence for lowering total cholesterol, LDL, or triglycerides in some trials, with mixed results for yerba mate across studies. See the heatmap and evidence reviews below for all 15 supplements.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | ★★★★★ | High |
| Oats | ★★★★★ | High |
| Yerba Mate | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Taurine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Gamma-Oryzanol | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Garlic | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Milk Thistle | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Inulin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Fo-Ti | ★★★★★ | Low |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Elderberry | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
15 supplements for , , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)View supplement →
Proven purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Prescription niacin at 500 mg or more is approved for certain cholesterol problems.
- Regular supplements have lower doses and do not improve cholesterol.
- Niacin is not usually recommended to lower “bad” LDL cholesterol because it does not reduce heart attacks or death.
- It may help raise “good” HDL cholesterol, lower triglycerides, or treat low HDL.
- The best results happen at higher doses: 1–1.5 g/day to raise HDL and lower triglycerides, 2–3 g/day to lower LDL.
- Niacin lowers LDL by up to 25%, triglycerides by 20–50%, and raises HDL by 13–35%.
- Women may respond better to extended-release forms.
- Statins are preferred first because they have better evidence for heart benefit.
- Niacin may be added if statins are not enough or not tolerated.
- Low doses added to statins don’t help.
- Eating more dietary niacin in the long-term is linked to a lower chance of developing cholesterol probles.
Browse 29 studies·5 meta-analyses
ObservationalDietary niacin intake and risk of dyslipidemia: A pooled analysis of three prospective cohort studies2022n=211,567
An observational study of 211567 found that higher dietary niacin intake was associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidemia (pooled, multivariable-adjusted HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 211,567
- Ages
- 40+
MetaSupplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment2018
A systematic review found moderate evidence for folic acid/B-vitamin cardiovascular benefits but no clear preventive benefit from calcium, vitamin D, multivitamins, or selenium on CVD or all-cause mortality.
- Effect
- No Benefit
MetaNiacin for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events2017n=39,195
A meta-analysis of 39195 participants found that 2 g/day for 33–71 years participants randomised to niacin were more likely to discontinue treatment due to side effects than participants randomised to control group (RR 2.17, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.77; participants = 33,539; studies = 17; I 2 = 77%; moderate-quality evidence).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 39,195
- Ages
- 33–71
Guide2016 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Role of Non-Statin Therapies for LDL-Cholesterol Lowering in the Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents2016
Since the publication of the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines, RCTs evaluating the safety and efficacy of non-statin therapies (including large trials of ezetimibe and extended-release niacin with laropiprant added to moderate-dose statins in higher-risk patients) have provided important information regarding the potential benefits and harms of these agents in ASCVD risk reduction when used in combination with evidence-based statin therapy. In addition, the approval of 2 PCSK9 inhibitors for LDL-C lowering in specific high-risk patients has resulted in gaps in expert guidance regarding the role of available non-statin therapies. This expert consensus decision pathway addresses current gaps in care for LDL-C lowering to reduce ASCVD risk, and recommendations build on the evidence base established by the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guideline. The algorithms endorse the 4 evidence-based statin benefit groups identified in the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines and assume that the patient is currently taking or has attempted to take a statin, given that this is the most effective initial therapy. Recommendations attempt to provide practical guidance for clinicians and patients regarding the use of non-statin therapies to further reduce ASCVD risk in situations not covered by the guideline until such time as the scientific evidence base expands and cardiovascular outcomes trials are completed with new agents for ASCVD risk reduction.
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Adult2016
A study in adults found that pharmacotherapy is generally not indicated for those at low Framingham Risk Score (FRS; 20%).
- Population
- Adults
- Ages
- 40+
MetaEffect of extended-release niacin on plasma lipoprotein(a) levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials2016n=9,013
A meta-analysis of 9013 participants found that 2000 mg/day when the studies were categorized according to the administered dose, there was a comparable effect between the subsets of studies with administered doses of <2000mg/day (WMD: -21.85%, 95% CI: -30.61, -13.10, p<0.001) and ≥2000mg/day (WMD: -23.21%, 95% CI: -28.41, -18.01,.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Participants
- 9,013
MetaEffect on cardiovascular risk of high density lipoprotein targeted drug treatments niacin, fibrates, and CETP inhibitors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials including 117,411 patients2014n=117,411
A meta-analysis of 117411 participants found that neither niacin, fibrates, nor CETP inhibitors, three highly effective agents for increasing high density lipoprotein levels, reduced all cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke in patients treated with statins.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Participants
- 117,411
RCTNicotinic acid effects on insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid metabolism: an in vivo to in vitro study2014
A randomized trial in patients with metabolic syndrome found that 2 g/day for 8 weeks however, the treatment induced hepatic insulin resistance, as assessed by reduced inhibition of endogenous glucose production by insulin (0.7±0.4 vs. 1.0±0.5 mg/kg · min, p<0.05) and decrease in fasting hepatic insulin sensitivity index (4.8±1.8 vs. 3.2±1.6, p<0.05) in the.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- Patients with metabolic syndrome
RCTShort-term effects of extended-release niacin with and without the addition of laropiprant on endothelial function in individuals with low HDL-C: a randomized, controlled crossover trial2014n=18
A crossover trial of 18 adults found that on intergroup analysis, there were no differences with respect to variation in plasma HDL-C, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, direct bilirubin, or FMD.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 1 g/day extended-release niacin
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 18
- Ages
- 20–60
Guide2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines2013
A study in adults found that 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines..
- Population
- Adults
RCTComparison of switch to the highest dose of rosuvastatin vs. add-on nicotinic acid vs. add-on fenofibrate for mixed dyslipidaemia2013n=100
A randomized trial of 100 patients with mixed dyslipidaemia found that 40 mg for 3 months switch to the highest dose of rosuvastatin and add-on ER-NA/LRPT may be better options compared with add-on fenofibrate for the management of patients with mixed dyslipidaemia not on treatment goals with a statin at a standard dose.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 40 mg
- Population
- Patients With Mixed Dyslipidaemia
- Participants
- 100
RCTExtended-release niacin therapy and risk of ischemic stroke in patients with cardiovascular disease: the Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcome (AIM-HIGH) trial2013n=3,414
A randomized trial of 3414 patients with cardiovascular disease found that 2000 mg/day in the intention-to-treat analysis, there were 50 fatal or nonfatal ischemic strokes: 18 (1.06%) in placebo arm versus 32 (1.86%) in ERN arm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.00-3.17; P=0.050).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
- Participants
- 3,414
- Avg age
- 64±9
RCTNiacin improves lipid profile but not endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease on high dose statin therapy2013n=66
A randomized trial of 66 patients with coronary artery disease on high dose statin therapy found that 1500 mg/day for 3 months however, these changes were not associated with improved endothelial or microvascular function.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Coronary Artery Disease On High Dose Statin Therapy
- Participants
- 66
- Avg age
- ~58
RCTThe Effect of Lipid Modification on Peripheral Artery Disease after Endovascular Intervention Trial (ELIMIT)2013n=102
A randomized trial of 102 found that 40 mg/day non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly reduced at 12 months with triple-therapy compared with mono-therapy (p = 0.01).
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 24 months
- Dose
- 40 mg/day
- Population
- Peripheral artery disease patients
- Participants
- 102
RCTNiacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy2011n=3,414
A randomized trial of 3414 patients with established cardiovascular disease found that 2000 mg/day the primary end point occurred in 282 patients in the niacin group (16.4%) and in 274 patients in the placebo group (16.2%) (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.21; P=0.79 by the log-rank test).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Established Cardiovascular Disease
- Participants
- 3,414
MetaPrediction of cardiovascular event risk reduction from lipid changes associated with high potency dyslipidemia therapy2010
A meta-analysis found that there are several potential limitations associated with this study including: publication bias, English only search, limited published studies with NER in combination with L or S, adherent populations, and aggregation of multiple populations.
MetaA meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies on the effects of extended-release niacin in women2004n=432
A meta-analysis of 432 studies found that this meta-analysis confirms that women respond as well as men, and possibly slightly better, to treatment with extended-release niacin and that it is a safe and effective treatment option for women with dyslipidemia.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Dyslipidemia patients
- Participants
- 432
New perspectives on the use of niacin in the treatment of lipid disorders2004
A study found that long-acting niacin can be taken once daily and is associated with significantly reduced flushing, but its metabolism increases the risk of hepatotoxic effects.
- Effect
- Benefit
RCTEffect of very-low-dose niacin on high-density lipoprotein in patients undergoing long-term statin therapy2002n=50
A randomized trial of 50 diabetic patients found that 50 mg niacin, 2×/day for 3 months the addition of very low-dose niacin to statin therapy increased HDLC cholesterol significantly, while avoiding the side effects that are associated with traditional doses of niacin therapy.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 50 mg niacin, 2×/day
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 50
RCTNiacin, but not gemfibrozil, selectively increases LP-AI, a cardioprotective subfraction of HDL, in patients with low HDL cholesterol2001n=139
A randomized trial of 139 patients with low hdl cholesterol found that 1.2 g for 19 weeks the uptake of [(3)H]cholesterol ester was approximately 75% greater from LP-AI versus LP-AI+AII particles, but neither niacin nor gemfibrozil affected cholesterol ester uptake.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 19 weeks
- Dose
- 1.2 g
- Population
- Patients With Low Hdl Cholesterol
- Participants
- 139
Safety and effectiveness of Niaspan when added sequentially to a statin for treatment of dyslipidemia2001n=66
A study of 66 found that subgroup analyses demonstrated its effectiveness in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in persons not at the National Cholesterol and Education Program low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target and in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in persons with.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 66
RCTEffect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease: the ADMIT study: A randomized trial. Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial2000n=468
A randomized trial of 468 diabetic patients found that 8.7–6.3 mg niacin use significantly increased HDL-C by 29% and 29% and decreased triglycerides by 23% and 28% and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 8% and 9%, respectively, in participants with and without diabetes (P<.001 for niacin vs placebo for all).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 60 weeks
- Dose
- 8.7–6.3 mg
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 468
RCTExtended-release niacin vs gemfibrozil for the treatment of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Niaspan-Gemfibrozil Study Group2000n=173
A randomized trial of 173 patients with a low baseline hdl-c level found that 600 mg 2×/day effects on plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly favorable for Niaspan compared with gemfibrozil (P<.02), as gemfibrozil increased the fibrinogen level (from 5% to 9%) and Niaspan tended to decrease the fibrinogen level (from -1% to -6%).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 600 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Patients With A Low Baseline Hdl-C Level
- Participants
- 173
RCTGemfibrozil, nicotinic acid and combination therapy in patients with isolated hypoalphalipoproteinemia: a randomized, open-label, crossover study2000n=14
A crossover trial of 14 patients with clinical atherosclerotic disease and found that 200 mg/day in the majority of patients with clinical atherosclerotic disease and isolated hypoalphalipoproteinemia, pharmacologic therapy to raise HDL-C is not only feasible but is also effective with currently available agents, particularly when used in combination.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Clinical Atherosclerotic Disease And
- Participants
- 14
RCTEffectiveness of once-nightly dosing of extended-release niacin alone and in combination for hypercholesterolemia1998n=269
A randomized trial of 269 adults found that 0.5–3.0 g extended-release niacin/night for 48 weeks after 48 weeks of treatment, Niaspan alone (median dose 2,000 mg) reduced low-density lipaprotein (LDL) cholesterol (18%), apolipoprotein B (15%), total cholesterol (11%), triglycerides (24%), and lipoprotein(a) (36%), and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 48 weeks
- Dose
- 0.5–3 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 269
RCTComparison of lovastatin (20 mg) and nicotinic acid (1.2 g) with either drug alone for type II hyperlipoproteinemia1995
A randomized trial found that 1.2 g/day although HDL cholesterol was not significantly improved by these doses of agents over the duration of this study, LDL/HDL and HDL/total cholesterol ratios were improved due to the beneficial actions on total and LDL cholesterol.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1.2 g/day
RCTEffects of nicotinic acid and lovastatin in renal transplant patients: a prospective, randomized, open-labeled crossover trial1995
A crossover trial found that 1.5 g 2×/day at 16 weeks, lovastatin therapy (40 mg/d) significantly reduced the total cholesterol (from 285 +/- 13 mg/dL to 233 +/- 10 mg/dL; P = 0.005) and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (from 201 +/- 11 mg/dL to 147 +/- 7 mg/dL; P = 0.001).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 40 mg/day
- Population
- Renal transplant patients
RCTComparative effects of lovastatin and niacin in primary hypercholesterolemia. A prospective trial1994n=36
A randomized trial of 36 adults found that 40–80 mg for 18 weeks niacin reduced Lp(a) lipoprotein levels by 35% at week 26, whereas lovastatin had no effect.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 18 weeks
- Dose
- 40–80 mg
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 36
RCTLipoprotein responses to treatment with lovastatin, gemfibrozil, and nicotinic acid in normolipidemic patients with hypoalphalipoproteinemia1994n=37
A randomized trial of 37 men found that 4.5 g/day nicotinic acid did not significantly lower low-density lipoprotein levels in the second phase, but it raised high-density lipoprotein levels by 30%.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 4.5 g/day
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 37
OatsView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Eating oats and other foods rich in soluble fiber can help lower cholesterol levels. Having 56–150 grams of oat products such as oatmeal or oat bran each day—providing about 3.6–10 grams of soluble fiber—can reduce total cholesterol by about 4–14 mg/dL. Each gram of soluble fiber lowers total cholesterol by about 1.4 mg/dL and LDL (“bad”) cholesterol by 1.2 mg/dL. Three bowls of oatmeal (28 grams each), giving about 3 grams of soluble fiber a day, may lower total cholesterol by around 5 mg/dL. Eating more than 10 grams of soluble fiber daily doesn’t appear to improve the effect.
- The main active part of oats responsible for lowering cholesterol is beta-glucan. Whole oat products may work better than foods made with oat bran or added fiber. However, oats do not seem to raise HDL (“good”) cholesterol or lower triglycerides.
Browse 10 studies·3 meta-analyses
MetaThe separate effects of whole oats and isolated beta-glucan on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2023n=1,494
A meta-analysis of 28 RCTs (1,494 subjects) found both whole oats and isolated beta-glucan significantly improved total cholesterol and LDL versus control in hyperlipidemic adults.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- ≥2 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 1,494
- Ages
- ≥18
RCTImprovement in cardiometabolic risk markers following an oatmeal diet is associated with gut microbiota in mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals2022n=62
In mildly hypercholesterolemic adults, 45 days of oatmeal lowered total cholesterol by 8.6% and LDL by 13% and was associated with favorable gut microbiota and SCFA shifts.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 45 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 62
RCTThe Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial2021n=210
In 210 mildly hypercholesterolemic Chinese adults, 80 g/day oats for 45 days reduced total and non-HDL cholesterol more than rice and shifted gut microbiota toward taxa linked to lower LDL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 45 days
- Dose
- 80 g/day oats
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 210
- Ages
- 18–65
RCTCholesterol-lowering effect of beta-glucan from oat bran in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects may decrease when beta-glucan is incorporated into bread and cookies2003n=13
In mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects, 5 g/day beta-glucan in orange juice lowered LDL by 0.26 mmol/L (6.7%) over 2 weeks, but beta-glucan in bread and cookies for 3 weeks did not significantly change LDL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 weeks
- Dose
- 5 g/day oat bran beta-glucan
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 13
MetaCholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis1999
A meta-analysis of 67 controlled trials found 2–10 g/day soluble fiber (pectin, oat bran, guar, psyllium) significantly lowered total cholesterol (~0.045 mmol/L per g) and LDL cholesterol (~0.057 mmol/L per g).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 2–10 g/day
- Population
- Adults
RCTOat beta-glucan reduces blood cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic subjects1994n=20
In 19 hypercholesterolemic adults, 2.9 g/day purified oat beta-glucan for 4 weeks reduced fasting total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol by 9% each versus baseline; levels returned after stopping supplementation.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 5.8 g/day beta-glucan
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 20
RCTOat products and lipid lowering. A meta-analysis1992
A meta-analysis of 10 oat trials found blood total cholesterol fell by 0.13 mmol/L (~5.9 mg/dL) with oat products; larger reductions occurred when baseline cholesterol was ≥5.9 mmol/L and soluble fiber dose was ≥3 g/day.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Adults
RCTLipid responses of hypercholesterolemic men to oat-bran and wheat-bran intake1991n=20
In 20 hypercholesterolemic men on a metabolic ward, 21 days of oat bran lowered total cholesterol by 12.8% and LDL by 12.1%, while matched wheat bran had no significant lipid effect.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 21 days
- Population
- Patients with dyslipidemia
- Participants
- 20
RCTThe hypocholesterolemic effects of beta-glucan in oatmeal and oat bran. A dose-controlled study1991n=156
In 156 hypercholesterolemic adults, 6 weeks of 56–84 g/day oatmeal or oat bran reduced LDL cholesterol by 10–16% versus farina control; 56 g oat bran lowered LDL more than 56 g oatmeal, supporting a beta-glucan dose effect.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 28–84 g/day oatmeal or oat bran
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 156
RCTSerum lipid response to oat product intake with a fat-modified diet1986n=208
In 208 adults on a fat-modified diet, adding 60 g/day oat bran or oatmeal for 6 weeks further lowered mean serum cholesterol by 5.6–6.5 mg/dL beyond diet alone (p<0.05).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 60 g/day oat bran or oatmeal
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 208
- Ages
- 30–65
Yerba MateView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It’s not clear if drinking yerba mate helps people with high cholesterol.
- Studies show no big differences in cholesterol or triglyceride levels when yerba mate is compared to a placebo or diet changes.
- However, one study found that drinking 330 mL of yerba mate tea (20 mg/mL) three times a day for 40 days lowered bad (LDL) cholesterol by 9% and raised good (HDL) cholesterol by 4%.
- This effect was similar for people taking certain cholesterol medicines and those who weren’t.
- Yerba mate didn’t change triglyceride levels.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffect of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on Lipid Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2022n=378
In a meta-analysis of 378 participants, in conclusion, this research showed that yerba mate consumption was not associated with a significant change in lipid levels.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Patients
- Participants
- 378
RCTAssociation of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) intake and dietary intervention and effects on oxidative stress biomarkers of dyslipidemic subjects2011n=74
In an RCT in patients, for all groups, there was a significant increase in ferric reducing antioxidant potential and reduced glutathione concentrations but no significant changes in LOOH, protein carbonyl, and paraoxonase-1 values.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 90 days
- Dose
- 1 L/day mate tea
- Population
- Patients
- Participants
- 74
RCTMate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) improves glycemic and lipid profiles of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes individuals: a pilot study2011n=58
In an RCT, 330 mL mate tea, 3×/day, for 60 days, mate tea consumption decreased significantly the levels of fasting glucose (25.0 mg/dL), glycated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) (0.85%), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (13.5 mg/dL) of T2DM subjects (p < 0.05); however, it did not change the intake of total energy, protein,...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 60 days
- Dose
- 330 mL mate tea, 3×/day
- Population
- Patients with T2DM or pre-diabetes
- Participants
- 58
Controlled trialConsumption of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) improves serum lipid parameters in healthy dyslipidemic subjects and provides an additional LDL-cholesterol reduction in individuals on statin therapy2009n=57
In a controlled trial of 57 participants, for 40 days, it was thus concluded that intake of yerba mate infusion improved the lipid parameters in normolipidemic and dyslipidemic subjects and provided an additional LDL-cholesterol reduction in hypercholesterolemic subjects on statin treatment, which may reduce the risk for...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 40 days
- Dose
- 330 mL yerba mate, 3×/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 57
Cassia CinnamonView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Most studies show that cinnamon supplements can lower triglycerides and total cholesterol, with little change in LDL ("bad") and HDL ("good") cholesterol.
- The effects seem stronger with lower doses and longer use.
- Cinnamon's compounds may help heart health by reducing inflammation and improving blood vessel function, but more research is needed to confirm these benefits.
Browse 4 studies·4 meta-analyses
RCTEffects of Cinnamon Supplementation on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2024
A 2024 meta-analysis found cinnamon significantly reduced triglycerides overall and at doses under 500 mg/day, but overall effects on LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol were not significant.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
MetaEffects of cinnamon supplementation on lipid profiles among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis2022n=773
A meta-analysis of 12 studies (773 subjects) found cinnamon significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in metabolic syndrome, with greater HDL increases at doses ≥1.5 g/day.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 120–6000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with metabolic syndrome
- Participants
- 773
MetaThe effect of cinnamon supplementation on lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials2020n=1,025
A meta-analysis of 16 trials (1,025 type 2 diabetes patients) found cinnamon significantly lowered triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL but did not change HDL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 1,025
MetaThe effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis2017n=750
A meta-analysis of 13 RCTs (750 participants) found cinnamon significantly reduced triglycerides and total cholesterol but had no significant effect on LDL or HDL.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 750
Gamma-OryzanolView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Small studies suggest gamma-oryzanol may help lower total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in some people with dyslipidemia.
- It is less clear whether the amount of gamma-oryzanol in rice bran oil changes how well it works, and studies of multi-ingredient supplements cannot show how much of the benefit came from gamma-oryzanol alone.
Browse 5 studies
RCTEfficacy of Food Supplement Based on Monacolins, γ-Oryzanol, and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Mild Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Armed, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial2024n=44
In a 3-month double-blind RCT of 44 adults with mild dyslipidemia, a food supplement with monacolin K, gamma-oryzanol, and GABA reduced LDL cholesterol versus placebo on an isocaloric diet.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 150 mg
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 44
- Ages
- 18–70
RCTRice Bran Oil Containing Gamma-Oryzanol Improves Lipid Profiles and Antioxidant Status in Hyperlipidemic Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial2019n=15
In a 4-week RCT of 59 hyperlipidemic adults, rice bran oil with varying gamma-oryzanol content improved lipid profiles and antioxidant status versus soybean oil control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 30 mL/day rice bran oil (4000–11000 ppm gamma-oryzanol)
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 15
RCTEffects of combined dietary supplementation on oxidative and inflammatory status in dyslipidemic subjects2006n=20
In 57 dyslipidemic volunteers, combined PUFA n-3, vitamin E, niacin, and gamma-oryzanol improved lipid profile and reduced inflammatory markers more than PUFA plus vitamin E alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 20
RCTSimilar cholesterol-lowering properties of rice bran oil, with varied gamma-oryzanol, in mildly hypercholesterolemic men2005n=30
In a 4-week RCT of 30 mildly hypercholesterolemic men (ages 38–64), 50 g/day rice bran oil with low or high gamma-oryzanol both lowered cholesterol versus peanut oil run-in, without clear dose differences.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Dose
- 50 g/day
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 38–64
[Clinical effect of gamma-oryzanol on climacteric disturbance -on serum lipid peroxides (author's transl)]1982n=40
In 40 Japanese women with climacteric disturbance treated with 300 mg/day gamma-oryzanol for 4–8 weeks, 90% showed general improvement and lipid peroxide levels decreased significantly.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4–8 weeks
- Dose
- 300 mg/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 40
TaurineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear if taking taurine supplements helps lower cholesterol or triglycerides.
- Some studies found taurine might reduce total cholesterol and triglycerides, but it does not seem to improve the good (HDL) or bad (LDL) cholesterol levels.
- In a small study, people with type 2 diabetes who exercised and took taurine had better cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to those who only exercised.
- More research is needed to understand if taurine works well for people with high cholesterol.
Browse 3 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaEffect of Long-Term Taurine Supplementation on the Lipid and Glycaemic Profile in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2024
In adults with overweight or obesity over 12 weeks, long-term taurine supplementation improved some lipid and glycemic markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Adults
RCTThe Effects of TRX Suspension Training Combined with Taurine Supplementation on Body Composition, Glycemic and Lipid Markers in Women with Type 2 Diabetes2021n=10
In 40 women with type 2 diabetes, 8 weeks of TRX training plus taurine improved body composition and blood glucose markers more than exercise alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 10
- Avg age
- 53±5
MetaThe effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2020
A meta-analysis found taurine supplementation associated with modest reductions in blood pressure and improvements in some lipid measures versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 15 days
- Dose
- 6 g/day
- Population
- Patients with metabolic or liver disease
GarlicView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Oral garlic can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia in some people.
- The research is still limited, so more studies are needed to know how reliable the benefit is.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaGarlic consumption can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials through June 2024 found garlic supplementation significantly lowered total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides versus placebo in dyslipidemia.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Dyslipidemia patients
ResveratrolView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A recent review of studies in postmenopausal women found that taking resveratrol does not significantly change cholesterol or blood fat levels compared to a placebo.
- More research is needed with higher doses, longer treatment times, and more detailed testing to understand if resveratrol might help in this group.
Browse 2 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of resveratrol on the lipid profile of post-menopause women: Systematic review and meta-analysis2024
A systematic review found resveratrol supplementation modestly improved lipid profiles in postmenopausal women, though trial quality and doses varied.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Postmenopausal women
Systematic reviewEfficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review2022n=1,171
A meta-analysis found resveratrol supplementation improved glucose and lipid metabolism markers, with effects varying by dose and population.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 1,171
Milk ThistleView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if milk thistle alone lowers cholesterol.
- Studies have tested milk thistle combined with other ingredients like turmeric and berberine and found these combinations can reduce LDL cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol) by about 28-34 mg/dL over three months.
- However, the benefit may be mostly due to other ingredients, and not milk thistle alone.
- More research is needed to know if milk thistle by itself helps with cholesterol.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaThe Effects of a Fixed Combination of Berberis aristata and Silybum marianum on Dyslipidaemia - A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review2020n=491
A meta-analysis of RCTs in 491 dyslipidemic patients found Berberol (Berberis aristata plus Silybum marianum) significantly improved total and LDL cholesterol versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 491
RCTEffects of a Combination of Berberis aristata, Silybum marianum and Monacolin on Lipid Profile in Subjects at Low Cardiovascular Risk; A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial2017
A double-blind RCT in low cardiovascular-risk patients found a Berberis aristata, Silybum marianum, and monacolin combination significantly improved lipid profile versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Caucasian adults at low cardiovascular risk
RCTBerberis aristata/Silybum marianum fixed combination (Berberol®) effects on lipid profile in dyslipidemic patients intolerant to statins at high dosages: a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial2015
A 6-month double-blind RCT in 175 statin-intolerant dyslipidemic patients found Berberol significantly improved total cholesterol and triglycerides versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Dyslipidemic patients intolerant to statins
Clinical role of a fixed combination of standardized Berberis aristata and Silybum marianum extracts in diabetic and hypercholesterolemic patients intolerant to statins2015n=45
In 45 statin-intolerant diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia, a fixed Berberis aristata/Silybum marianum extract significantly lowered total and LDL cholesterol.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 45
Olive OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Replacing saturated fats with olive oil in the diet might help lower total cholesterol, according to some studies.
- However, a recent study found that taking about 3.5 tablespoons (52 mL) of olive oil daily for 12 weeks did not lower bad cholesterol or other blood fats in obese adults.
- Some research also suggests other plant oils might be better than olive oil for lowering cholesterol.
Browse 8 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTTraditional Brazilian Diet and Olive Oil Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Severely Obese Individuals: A Randomized Trial2020n=50
A 12-week RCT in 149 severely obese adults found 52 mL/day extra virgin olive oil or a traditional Brazilian diet each modestly improved some cardiometabolic markers, with LDL/HDL ratio falling on olive oil.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 52 mL/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 50
- Ages
- 18–65
MetaComparison of blood lipid-lowering effects of olive oil and other plant oils: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials2019n=1,089
A meta-analysis of 27 RCTs in 1089 participants found olive oil raised HDL more but lowered total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides less than other plant oils.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 1,089
Clinical trialEffects of dietary extra virgin olive oil on serum lipid resistance to oxidation and fatty acid composition in elderly lipidemic patients2003n=26
In 26 elderly dyslipidemic patients, 20 g/day extra virgin olive oil for 6 weeks lowered cholesterol, increased LDL oxidation lag time, and shifted serum fatty acids toward oleic acid.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 20 g/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 26
- Avg age
- ~69
RCTBeneficial nutritional properties of olive oil: implications for postprandial lipoproteins and factor VII2001n=30
In Northern European men switched to an olive oil–rich diet, LDL cholesterol fell 15% and postprandial triglyceride and factor VII responses improved toward Mediterranean profiles.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 30
RCTEffects of hypocaloric dietary treatment enriched in oleic acid on LDL and HDL subclass distribution in mildly obese women1999
In 20 mildly obese women, a 6-month hypocaloric olive oil–enriched diet improved dense LDL and HDL2 profiles more than a high-carbohydrate diet despite similar ~11% weight loss.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Women
Effects of long-term monounsaturated- vs polyunsaturated-enriched diets on lipoproteins in healthy men and women1992n=46
In 78 healthy adults, switching from sunflower to olive oil for 16–28 weeks raised HDL cholesterol 17–30% and lowered the total cholesterol:HDL ratio in both sexes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 46
ObservationalConsumption of olive oil, butter, and vegetable oils and coronary heart disease risk factors. The Research Group ATS-RF2 of the Italian National Research Council1990
A cross-sectional study of 4903 Italian adults (ages 20–59) found olive oil intake inversely associated with cholesterol, glucose, and systolic blood pressure, while butter linked to higher risk factors.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Ages
- 20–59
ObservationalThe diet and 15-year death rate in the seven countries study1986n=11,579
In 11,579 men across 15 Seven Countries cohorts followed 15 years, higher monounsaturated fat (mainly oleic acid from olive oil) correlated with lower all-cause and coronary death rates.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 11,579
- Ages
- 40–59
InulinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Early research on dyslipidemia is limited.
- A meta-analysis of 20 randomized controlled trials (607 adults) showing that inulin-type fructan supplementation modestly reduced LDL-cholesterol overall, and in people with type 2 diabetes also improved fasting insulin and HDL-cholesterol, though glucose reductions were not statistically significant.
- More studies are needed before any benefit can be considered reliable.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaEffect of inulin-type fructans on blood lipid profile and glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2017n=607
A meta-analysis of 20 RCTs (607 adults) found inulin-type fructans modestly lowered LDL cholesterol over 8–12 weeks versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 607
Fo-TiView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A small study found that a supplement containing fo-ti plus several other herbs lowered "bad" LDL cholesterol, but it did not seem to affect triglycerides, total cholesterol, or "good" HDL cholesterol.
- Since the study used a multi-herb formula, it is not clear how much of the effect came from fo-ti itself.
Browse 1 study
RCTEvaluation of a crataegus-based multiherb formula for dyslipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2014n=42
In a 12-week double-blind RCT of 42 Chinese dyslipidemia patients, a multiherb formula including hawthorn reduced LDL cholesterol by 9% versus placebo; HbA1c also improved.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 42
- Ages
- 18+
Acetyl-L-CarnitineView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking acetyl-L-carnitine by mouth does not seem to lower cholesterol or triglycerides in adults with high lipid levels.
- In one study, people with high lipids, diabetes, and high blood pressure who took acetyl-L-carnitine for 6 months saw no improvement in their cholesterol compared to placebo.
- Most people were also taking cholesterol-lowering drugs.
- It is unknown if acetyl-L-carnitine helps people not on these drugs.
Browse 1 study
RCTBlood pressure and metabolic effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in type 2 diabetes: DIABASI randomized controlled trial2018n=29
The DIABASI RCT in 229 hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients found acetyl-L-carnitine 1000 mg twice daily for 6 months did not improve blood pressure, glycemic control, lipids, or insulin sensitivity versus placebo on statin therapy.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1000 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 29
- Ages
- 40+
ElderberryView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- No summary is available.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffects of elderberry juice on fasting and postprandial serum lipids and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study2004n=34
In 34 healthy volunteers over 2 weeks, elderberry capsules (400 mg, 10% anthocyanes, t.i.d.) showed only a small nonsignificant cholesterol decrease (199 to 190 mg/dl) and no change in LDL oxidation resistance versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Dose
- 50 mL/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 34
N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)View supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if N-acetyl cysteine has any benefit for dyslipidemia.
Browse 3 studies
RCTN-acetylcysteine treatment lowers plasma homocysteine but not serum lipoprotein(a) levels1996n=11
An RCT of 11 hyperlipidemic patients found NAC lowered plasma homocysteine but did not significantly change serum lipoprotein levels.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Participants
- 11
Case reportLipoprotein(a) reduction by N-acetylcysteine1991
A study found NAC administration significantly reduced lipoprotein(a) levels in patients with elevated Lp(a).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
N-acetylcysteine and serum concentrations of lipoprotein(a)1991n=12
A 6-week study of 12 patients found 1.2 g/day NAC reduced serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 1.2 g/day
- Participants
- 12
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | ★★★★★88% | 29 | 5 | 38% |
| Oats | ★★★★★76% | 10 | 3 | 13% |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★52% | 8 | 1 | 10% |
| Gamma-Oryzanol | ★★★★★68% | 5 | 0 | 6% |
| Cassia Cinnamon | ★★★★★68% | 4 | 4 | 5% |
| Milk Thistle | ★★★★★52% | 4 | 1 | 5% |
| Yerba Mate | ★★★★★72% | 4 | 1 | 5% |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★32% | 3 | 0 | 4% |
| Taurine | ★★★★★68% | 3 | 2 | 4% |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★64% | 2 | 2 | 3% |
| Acetyl-L-Carnitine | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Elderberry | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Fo-Ti | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Garlic | ★★★★★64% | 1 | 1 | 1% |
| Inulin | ★★★★★48% | 1 | 1 | 1% |