Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Niacin affects lipids and energy metabolism. Benefits and side effects are highly dose- and form-dependent.
Overview
What is vitamin B3?
Niacin is a form of vitamin B-3 that the body can make in small quantities. It is also found in foods and supplements. Niacin supplementation improves cholesterol and triglyceride levels, raising HDL and lowering LDL and triglycerides. However, it may increase insulin resistance, which can negatively impact blood sugar control. High doses of niacin can break down into metabolites that promote vascular inflammation, potentially increasing cardiovascular risks.
Dosage
An adequate dose of niacin for adults is 14-16 mg per day.
Children and adolescents have an adequate dose range of 2-16 mg per day.
Effect graph
Effect heatmap
SupplementDEX Database
23 conditions for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
Database Snapshot
Most vitamin b3 (niacin) research is concentrated in a handful of conditions.
- Dyslipidemia accounts for 29 of 85 studies (34%).
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 12 of 85 studies (14%).
- Atherosclerosis accounts for 8 of 85 studies (9%).
- Sparse coverage remains for Athletic performance, High blood pressure, Obesity.
Dietary Sources
Top dietary sources
Ranked by amount per 100 g
- 22.1 mg100 g
- 14.4 mg100 g
- 9.5 mg100 g
- 8 mg100 g
- 6.3 mg100 g
- 5.6 mg100 g
- 2.6 mg100 g
- 2 mg100 g
Safety
Niacin is likely safe when consumed in amounts of up to 35 mg per day for adults aged 19 or older.
The tolerable upper intake level (UL) of niacin is 10-35 mg depending on age.
UL: Children 1-3 years (10 mg/day); Children 4-8 years (15 mg/day); Children 9-13 years (20 mg/day); Children 14-18 years (30 mg/day).
Frequently Asked Questions
References
Sources70 references
SupplementDEX uses only high-quality sources to determine supplement effectiveness.
SupplementDEX Database · Dyslipidemia
29 references1.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Dietary niacin intake and risk of dyslipidemia: A pooled analysis of three prospective cohort studies2022
An observational study of 211567 found that higher dietary niacin intake was associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidemia (pooled, multivariable-adjusted HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82).
2.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment2018
A systematic review found moderate evidence for folic acid/B-vitamin cardiovascular benefits but no clear preventive benefit from calcium, vitamin D, multivitamins, or selenium on CVD or all-cause mortality.
3.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Niacin for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events2017
A meta-analysis of 39195 participants found that 2 g/day for 33–71 years participants randomised to niacin were more likely to discontinue treatment due to side effects than participants randomised to control group (RR 2.17, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.77; participants = 33,539; studies = 17; I 2 = 77%; moderate-quality evidence).
4.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Adult2016
A study in adults found that pharmacotherapy is generally not indicated for those at low Framingham Risk Score (FRS; 20%).
5.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — 2016 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Role of Non-Statin Therapies for LDL-Cholesterol Lowering in the Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents2016
Since the publication of the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines, RCTs evaluating the safety and efficacy of non-statin therapies (including large trials of ezetimibe and extended-release niacin with laropiprant added to moderate-dose statins in higher-risk patients) have provided important information regarding the potential benefits and harms of these agents in ASCVD risk reduction when used in combination with evidence-based statin therapy. In addition, the approval of 2 PCSK9 inhibitors for LDL-C lowering in specific high-risk patients has resulted in gaps in expert guidance regarding the role of available non-statin therapies. This expert consensus decision pathway addresses current gaps in care for LDL-C lowering to reduce ASCVD risk, and recommendations build on the evidence base established by the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guideline. The algorithms endorse the 4 evidence-based statin benefit groups identified in the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines and assume that the patient is currently taking or has attempted to take a statin, given that this is the most effective initial therapy. Recommendations attempt to provide practical guidance for clinicians and patients regarding the use of non-statin therapies to further reduce ASCVD risk in situations not covered by the guideline until such time as the scientific evidence base expands and cardiovascular outcomes trials are completed with new agents for ASCVD risk reduction.
6.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effect of extended-release niacin on plasma lipoprotein(a) levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials2016
A meta-analysis of 9013 participants found that 2000 mg/day when the studies were categorized according to the administered dose, there was a comparable effect between the subsets of studies with administered doses of <2000mg/day (WMD: -21.85%, 95% CI: -30.61, -13.10, p<0.001) and ≥2000mg/day (WMD: -23.21%, 95% CI: -28.41, -18.01,.
7.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Short-term effects of extended-release niacin with and without the addition of laropiprant on endothelial function in individuals with low HDL-C: a randomized, controlled crossover trial2014
A crossover trial of 18 adults found that on intergroup analysis, there were no differences with respect to variation in plasma HDL-C, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, direct bilirubin, or FMD.
8.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Nicotinic acid effects on insulin sensitivity and hepatic lipid metabolism: an in vivo to in vitro study2014
A randomized trial in patients with metabolic syndrome found that 2 g/day for 8 weeks however, the treatment induced hepatic insulin resistance, as assessed by reduced inhibition of endogenous glucose production by insulin (0.7±0.4 vs. 1.0±0.5 mg/kg · min, p<0.05) and decrease in fasting hepatic insulin sensitivity index (4.8±1.8 vs. 3.2±1.6, p<0.05) in the.
9.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effect on cardiovascular risk of high density lipoprotein targeted drug treatments niacin, fibrates, and CETP inhibitors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials including 117,411 patients2014
A meta-analysis of 117411 participants found that neither niacin, fibrates, nor CETP inhibitors, three highly effective agents for increasing high density lipoprotein levels, reduced all cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, myocardial infarction, or stroke in patients treated with statins.
10.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Extended-release niacin therapy and risk of ischemic stroke in patients with cardiovascular disease: the Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcome (AIM-HIGH) trial2013
A randomized trial of 3414 patients with cardiovascular disease found that 2000 mg/day in the intention-to-treat analysis, there were 50 fatal or nonfatal ischemic strokes: 18 (1.06%) in placebo arm versus 32 (1.86%) in ERN arm (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.00-3.17; P=0.050).
11.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — The Effect of Lipid Modification on Peripheral Artery Disease after Endovascular Intervention Trial (ELIMIT)2013
A randomized trial of 102 found that 40 mg/day non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly reduced at 12 months with triple-therapy compared with mono-therapy (p = 0.01).
12.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Comparison of switch to the highest dose of rosuvastatin vs. add-on nicotinic acid vs. add-on fenofibrate for mixed dyslipidaemia2013
A randomized trial of 100 patients with mixed dyslipidaemia found that 40 mg for 3 months switch to the highest dose of rosuvastatin and add-on ER-NA/LRPT may be better options compared with add-on fenofibrate for the management of patients with mixed dyslipidaemia not on treatment goals with a statin at a standard dose.
13.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines2013
A study in adults found that 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines..
14.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Niacin improves lipid profile but not endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease on high dose statin therapy2013
A randomized trial of 66 patients with coronary artery disease on high dose statin therapy found that 1500 mg/day for 3 months however, these changes were not associated with improved endothelial or microvascular function.
15.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapy2011
A randomized trial of 3414 patients with established cardiovascular disease found that 2000 mg/day the primary end point occurred in 282 patients in the niacin group (16.4%) and in 274 patients in the placebo group (16.2%) (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.21; P=0.79 by the log-rank test).
16.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Prediction of cardiovascular event risk reduction from lipid changes associated with high potency dyslipidemia therapy2010
A meta-analysis found that there are several potential limitations associated with this study including: publication bias, English only search, limited published studies with NER in combination with L or S, adherent populations, and aggregation of multiple populations.
17.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies on the effects of extended-release niacin in women2004
A meta-analysis of 432 studies found that this meta-analysis confirms that women respond as well as men, and possibly slightly better, to treatment with extended-release niacin and that it is a safe and effective treatment option for women with dyslipidemia.
18.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — New perspectives on the use of niacin in the treatment of lipid disorders2004
A study found that long-acting niacin can be taken once daily and is associated with significantly reduced flushing, but its metabolism increases the risk of hepatotoxic effects.
19.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effect of very-low-dose niacin on high-density lipoprotein in patients undergoing long-term statin therapy2002
A randomized trial of 50 diabetic patients found that 50 mg niacin, 2×/day for 3 months the addition of very low-dose niacin to statin therapy increased HDLC cholesterol significantly, while avoiding the side effects that are associated with traditional doses of niacin therapy.
20.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Niacin, but not gemfibrozil, selectively increases LP-AI, a cardioprotective subfraction of HDL, in patients with low HDL cholesterol2001
A randomized trial of 139 patients with low hdl cholesterol found that 1.2 g for 19 weeks the uptake of [(3)H]cholesterol ester was approximately 75% greater from LP-AI versus LP-AI+AII particles, but neither niacin nor gemfibrozil affected cholesterol ester uptake.
21.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Safety and effectiveness of Niaspan when added sequentially to a statin for treatment of dyslipidemia2001
A study of 66 found that subgroup analyses demonstrated its effectiveness in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in persons not at the National Cholesterol and Education Program low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target and in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in persons with.
22.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Gemfibrozil, nicotinic acid and combination therapy in patients with isolated hypoalphalipoproteinemia: a randomized, open-label, crossover study2000
A crossover trial of 14 patients with clinical atherosclerotic disease and found that 200 mg/day in the majority of patients with clinical atherosclerotic disease and isolated hypoalphalipoproteinemia, pharmacologic therapy to raise HDL-C is not only feasible but is also effective with currently available agents, particularly when used in combination.
23.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Extended-release niacin vs gemfibrozil for the treatment of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Niaspan-Gemfibrozil Study Group2000
A randomized trial of 173 patients with a low baseline hdl-c level found that 600 mg 2×/day effects on plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly favorable for Niaspan compared with gemfibrozil (P<.02), as gemfibrozil increased the fibrinogen level (from 5% to 9%) and Niaspan tended to decrease the fibrinogen level (from -1% to -6%).
24.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease: the ADMIT study: A randomized trial. Arterial Disease Multiple Intervention Trial2000
A randomized trial of 468 diabetic patients found that 8.7–6.3 mg niacin use significantly increased HDL-C by 29% and 29% and decreased triglycerides by 23% and 28% and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 8% and 9%, respectively, in participants with and without diabetes (P<.001 for niacin vs placebo for all).
25.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effectiveness of once-nightly dosing of extended-release niacin alone and in combination for hypercholesterolemia1998
A randomized trial of 269 adults found that 0.5–3.0 g extended-release niacin/night for 48 weeks after 48 weeks of treatment, Niaspan alone (median dose 2,000 mg) reduced low-density lipaprotein (LDL) cholesterol (18%), apolipoprotein B (15%), total cholesterol (11%), triglycerides (24%), and lipoprotein(a) (36%), and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
26.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Comparison of lovastatin (20 mg) and nicotinic acid (1.2 g) with either drug alone for type II hyperlipoproteinemia1995
A randomized trial found that 1.2 g/day although HDL cholesterol was not significantly improved by these doses of agents over the duration of this study, LDL/HDL and HDL/total cholesterol ratios were improved due to the beneficial actions on total and LDL cholesterol.
27.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Effects of nicotinic acid and lovastatin in renal transplant patients: a prospective, randomized, open-labeled crossover trial1995
A crossover trial found that 1.5 g 2×/day at 16 weeks, lovastatin therapy (40 mg/d) significantly reduced the total cholesterol (from 285 +/- 13 mg/dL to 233 +/- 10 mg/dL; P = 0.005) and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (from 201 +/- 11 mg/dL to 147 +/- 7 mg/dL; P = 0.001).
28.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Comparative effects of lovastatin and niacin in primary hypercholesterolemia. A prospective trial1994
A randomized trial of 36 adults found that 40–80 mg for 18 weeks niacin reduced Lp(a) lipoprotein levels by 35% at week 26, whereas lovastatin had no effect.
29.SupplementDEX Database: Dyslipidemia — Lipoprotein responses to treatment with lovastatin, gemfibrozil, and nicotinic acid in normolipidemic patients with hypoalphalipoproteinemia1994
A randomized trial of 37 men found that 4.5 g/day nicotinic acid did not significantly lower low-density lipoprotein levels in the second phase, but it raised high-density lipoprotein levels by 30%.
SupplementDEX Database · Pellagra
1 reference30.SupplementDEX Database: Pellagra — An outbreak of pellagra related to changes in dietary niacin among Mozambican refugees in Malawi1993
An observational study of 18276 children/adolescents found that it was lowest among children under 5 years old (1.7% vs. 7.5% for = or 5 year olds).
SupplementDEX Database · Metabolic syndrome
8 references31.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Effects of immediate-release niacin and dietary fatty acids on acute insulin and lipid status in individuals with metabolic syndrome2018
A randomized trial of 16 men found that 2 g these effects were significantly attenuated with MUFAs or MUFAs plus omega-3 LCPUFAs when compared with SFAs.
32.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Relationship between Changes in Plasma Adiponectin Concentration and Insulin Sensitivity after Niacin Therapy2012
A study of 9 overweight adults found that cONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that Niaspan causes skeletal muscle insulin resistance, independent of changes in body weight or body fat, and the Niaspan-induced increase in plasma adiponectin concentration might partially ameliorate Niaspan's adverse effect on.
33.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Effects of prescription niacin and omega-3 fatty acids on lipids and vascular function in metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial2012
A randomized trial found that 4 g/day for 16 weeks eRN and P-OM3 alone improved characteristics of metabolic syndrome; however, whereas subjects on combination therapy did not have improved vascular stiffness, TG and HDL levels improved as did certain lipoprotein subfractions.
34.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Extended-release niacin raises adiponectin and leptin2006
A randomized trial of 20 men found that 1,500 mg extended-release niacin/day for 6 weeks adiponectin increased by 56% (p<0.001) and leptin by 26.8% (p<0.012).
35.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Impaired beta-cell function in human aging: response to nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance2006
A randomized trial found that nicotinic acid treatment significantly reduced S(I) in all groups. beta-Cell compensation for nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance was incomplete in all three groups, with greater defects in the two older groups.
36.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — 1-Methylnicotinamide: a potent anti-inflammatory agent of vitamin origin2003
A study found that mNA+ can be used to treat wide variety of diseases and disorders and the use of this compound provides certain advantages over the use of nicotinamide.
37.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — Effects of nicotinic acid on insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in healthy subjects2000
A randomized trial in healthy adults found that 500 mg/day for 7 days nA did not significantly alter 24-h mean systolic or diastolic blood pressure.
38.SupplementDEX Database: Metabolic syndrome — The effects of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in normal subjects1999
A study of 6 healthy adults found that in study 3 (n = 6), in which the NA-mediated decrease of plasma FFA was prevented by infusion of lipid and heparin, neither FFA nor GNG changed significantly.
SupplementDEX Database · Obesity
1 reference39.SupplementDEX Database: Obesity — Effect of fenofibrate and niacin on intrahepatic triglyceride content, very low-density lipoprotein kinetics, and insulin action in obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2010
A randomized trial in adults found that 200 mg/day nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, particularly increased plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations and insulin resistance.
SupplementDEX Database · High blood pressure
1 reference40.SupplementDEX Database: High blood pressure — Evaluation of Dietary Niacin and New-Onset Hypertension Among Chinese Adults2021
An observational study of 4306 adults found that 16.7 mg/day when dietary niacin was assessed in quartiles, the lowest risk of new-onset hypertension was found in participants in quartile 3 (14.3 to <16.7 mg/d; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75-0.90) compared with those in quartile 1 (<12.4 mg/d).
SupplementDEX Database · Skin health
2 references41.SupplementDEX Database: Skin health — Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance2005
A randomized trial of 50 found that in addition to previously observed benefits for topical niacinamide, additional effects were identified (improved appearance of skin wrinkles and yellowing and improved elasticity).
42.SupplementDEX Database: Skin health — The effect of niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer2002
A randomized trial of 120 women found that in the clinical studies, niacinamide significantly decreased hyperpigmentation and increased skin lightness compared with vehicle alone after 4 weeks of use.
43.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — A terminal metabolite of niacin promotes vascular inflammation and contributes to cardiovascular disease risk2024
A meta-analysis of 974 participants found that phenome-wide association analysis of the genetic variant rs10496731, which was significantly associated with both 2PY and 4PY levels, revealed an association of this variant with levels of soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1).
44.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — The current state of niacin in cardiovascular disease prevention: a systematic review and meta-regression2013
A meta-analysis of 9959 participants found that niacin use was associated with a significant reduction in the composite endpoints of any CVD event (OR: 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49 to 0.89; p = 0.007) and major coronary heart disease event (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.96; p = 0.02).
45.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — Effect of niacin therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease2010
A meta-analysis of 5137 participants found that niacin or nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) raises the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by about 30% to 35%.
46.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease2001
A randomized trial of 160 patients with coronary disease found that the average stenosis progressed by 3.9 percent with placebos, 1.8 percent with antioxidants (P=0.16 for the comparison with the placebo group), and 0.7 percent with simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidants (P=0.004) and regressed by 0.4 percent with simvastatin-niacin alone.
47.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — Pharmacological modulation of gastric emptying rate of solids as measured by the carbon labelled octanoic acid breath test: influence of erythromycin and propantheline1994
A randomized trial in healthy adults found that propantheline significantly reduced the gastric emptying rate, with a decreased gastric emptying coefficient (p = 0.0007) and an increased gastric half emptying time (p = 0.0168) in all subjects, but no change in the lag phase (p = 0.1214).
48.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — Reduction of mortality in the Stockholm Ischaemic Heart Disease Secondary Prevention Study by combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acid1988
A randomized trial of 279 patients with a triglyceride level greater than 1 found that secondly, it was most pronounced in the 44% of the treated patients who had a lowering of the serum triglyceride by 30% or more, and in this subgroup the reduction of IHD mortality was 60% (p less than 0.01).
49.SupplementDEX Database: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) — Fifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: long-term benefit with niacin1986
A study of 8341 (ages 30–64) found that mortality in the niacin group was 11% lower than in the placebo group (52.0 versus 58.2%; p = 0.0004).
SupplementDEX Database · Acne
2 references50.SupplementDEX Database: Acne — Topical 4% nicotinamide vs. 1% clindamycin in moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris2013
A randomized trial of 40 patients with moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris found that in this randomized, double-blind clinical trial, patients with moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris were randomly allocated to receive either topical 4% nicotinamide (n = 40) or 1% clindamycin gels (n = 40) twice daily.
51.SupplementDEX Database: Acne — Topical nicotinamide compared with clindamycin gel in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris1995
A randomized trial of 38 found that after 8 weeks, both treatments produced comparable (P = 0.19) beneficial results in the Physician's Global Evaluation of Inflammatory Acne; 82% of the patients treated with nicotinamide gel and 68% treated with clindamycin gel were improved.
SupplementDEX Database · Alzheimer's disease
1 reference52.SupplementDEX Database: Alzheimer's disease — Dietary niacin and the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and of cognitive decline2004
An observational study of 3718 found that in a logistic regression model, relative risks (95% confidence intervals) for incident AD from lowest to highest quintiles of total niacin intake were: 1.0 (referent) 0.3 (0.1 to 0.6), 0.3 (0.1 to 0.7), 0.6 (0.3 to 1.3), and 0.3 (0.1 to 0.7) adjusted for age, sex, race,.
SupplementDEX Database · Atherosclerosis
3 references53.SupplementDEX Database: Atherosclerosis — One-year reduction and longitudinal analysis of carotid intima-media thickness associated with colestipol/niacin therapy1993
A randomized trial of 78 patients with atherosclerosis found that no significant treatment group differences on carotid IMT were found at 6 months.
54.SupplementDEX Database: Atherosclerosis — Regression of coronary artery disease as a result of intensive lipid-lowering therapy in men with high levels of apolipoprotein B1990
A randomized trial of 52 men found that 20 mg 2×/day in men with coronary artery disease who were at high risk for cardiovascular events, intensive lipid-lowering therapy reduced the frequency of progression of coronary lesions, increased the frequency of regression, and reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events.
55.SupplementDEX Database: Atherosclerosis — Beneficial effects of combined colestipol-niacin therapy on coronary atherosclerosis and coronary venous bypass grafts1987
A randomized trial found that also, the percentage of subjects with new lesions (P less than .04) or any adverse change in bypass grafts (P less than .03) was significantly reduced.
SupplementDEX Database · Athletic performance
2 references56.SupplementDEX Database: Athletic performance — Niacin supplementation impairs exercise performance2023
A study found that 5 mg/kg similarly, habitual caffeine use (p=0.72), habitual aerobic exercise (p=0.08), and habitual resistance exercise (p=0.39) did not significantly affect total work performed.
57.SupplementDEX Database: Athletic performance — Acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on bench press and leg extension strength and time to exhaustion during cycle ergometry2010
A randomized trial found that 400 mg/day the results indicated that the SUPP had no effect on 1RM bench press strength, 1RM leg extension strength, or TTE at 80% VO2peak.
SupplementDEX Database · Cancer
1 reference58.SupplementDEX Database: Cancer — Association between niacin and mortality among patients with cancer in the NHANES retrospective cohort2022
An observational study of 3504 found that according to our study, higher dietary niacin intake was associated with lower mortality in cancer patients.
SupplementDEX Database · Cataracts
1 reference59.SupplementDEX Database: Cataracts — Diet and cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study2000
The Blue Mountains Eye Study of 2,900 adults (ages 49–97) found higher protein, vitamin A, niacin, thiamin, and riboflavin intake were associated with reduced nuclear cataract prevalence.
SupplementDEX Database · Cholera
1 reference60.SupplementDEX Database: Cholera — Reduction of fluid-loss in cholera by nicotinic acid: a randomised controlled trial1983
A randomized trial of 62 adults found that 1–2 g/day nicotinic acid during the third and fourth 8 h periods, the rates were lower in the treatment groups, but not significantly so.
61.SupplementDEX Database: Coronary heart disease — Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease1975
A randomized trial in patients with established coronary heart disease found that clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease..
62.SupplementDEX Database: Erectile dysfunction (ED) — Effect of niacin on erectile function in men suffering erectile dysfunction and dyslipidemia2011
A randomized trial in patients with ed and dyslipidemia found that up to 1,500 mg niacin/day for 12 weeks there was no significant improvement in erectile function for patients with mild and mild-to-moderate ED for both groups.
SupplementDEX Database · Hyperphosphatemia
3 references63.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperphosphatemia — The effect of niacin on serum phosphorus levels in dialysis patients2012
A randomized trial of 37 hemodialysis patients found that 1000 mg/day for 8 weeks a 2-week washout preceded the switch from niacin to placebo or vice versa.
64.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperphosphatemia — Effectiveness and safety of extended-release nicotinic acid for reducing serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients2012
A randomized trial of 14 hemodialysis patients found that 375–1,000 mg extended-release nicotinic acid/day for 12 weeks there were no significant changes in the fasting blood glucose level, uric acid or liver function enzymes in any of the patients.
65.SupplementDEX Database: Hyperphosphatemia — Extended release nicotinic acid - a novel oral agent for phosphate control2006
A study of 34 hemodialysis patients found that 375 mg the serum alkaline phosphatase level decreased significantly from 107+/-66 IU/l to 82+/-46 IU/l (p < 0.001 ).
SupplementDEX Database · Migraine
1 reference66.SupplementDEX Database: Migraine — Association between Dietary Niacin Intake and Migraine among American Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2022
An observational study of 10246 adults found that compared with individuals with lower niacin consumption Q1 (≤12.3 mg/day), the adjusted OR values for dietary niacin intake and migraine in Q2 (12.4−18.3 mg/day), Q3 (18.4−26.2 mg/day), and Q4 (≥26.3 mg/day) were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72−0.97, p = 0.019), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63−0.87, p.
SupplementDEX Database · Parkinson's disease
2 references67.SupplementDEX Database: Parkinson's disease — Low-Dose Niacin Supplementation Improves Motor Function in US Veterans with Parkinson's Disease: A Single-Center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial2021
A randomized trial of 45 found that from six to twelve months when both groups received open-label niacin supplementation, the average UPDRS III scores significantly decreased for the placebo group by 4.58 [95% CI, -0.85 to 8.30] and the niacin group by 4.63 [95% CI, 1.42 to 7.83] points.
68.SupplementDEX Database: Parkinson's disease — Niacin Enhancement for Parkinson's Disease: An Effectiveness Trial2021
A study of 16 patients with parkinson's disease found that an average of 9 ± 6-point improvement in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III (motor) score was observed after 12 months of daily niacin compared to the expected decline in score (effect size = 0.78, 95% CI = 7-11).
69.SupplementDEX Database: Retinal vein occlusion — Effect of oral niacin on central retinal vein occlusion2017
A study of 50 patients with central retinal vein occlusion found that at baseline, mean CMT was 678.9 μm, and improved to 478.1 μm (P = 0.001), 388.6 μm (P < 0.001), and 317.4 μm (P < 0.001) for the same time points.
SupplementDEX Database · Sickle cell disease
1 reference70.SupplementDEX Database: Sickle cell disease — Effect of extended-release niacin on serum lipids and on endothelial function in adults with sickle cell anemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels2013
A randomized trial of 27 adults found that 500 mg/day thus, the relatively small changes in HDL-C levels achieved by the dose of niacin-ER used in our study are not associated with improved vascular function in patients with SCD with initially low levels of apoA-I or HDL-C.