Oral health
Supplements studied for oral health.
Overview
Xylitol (WA 76; high effect size, high evidence, medium trust) has high-strength evidence for oral health, with chewing gum, candies, lozenges, and toothpaste containing 1–20 grams daily modestly reducing cavities by lowering harmful mouth bacteria. Aloe (WA 68; medium effect size, high evidence, high trust), Coconut Oil (WA 68; medium effect size, high evidence, high trust), and Vitamin D (WA 68; medium effect size, high evidence, high trust) have medium-strength but variable evidence for gum inflammation, plaque, or cavity prevention in specific populations.
Iodine (WA 64; medium effect size, medium evidence, high trust) rinses during deep cleaning may modestly improve gum pocket depth after several months. The heatmap and evidence reviews below compare products and outcomes.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Xylitol | ★★★★★ | High |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Coconut Oil | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Aloe | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Probiotics | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Iodine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Lycopene | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Iron | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Elderberry | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Echinacea | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Selenium | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Saccharomyces boulardii | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Nutmeg | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Garlic | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Eucalyptus | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★ | Low |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Vitamin A | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
23 supplements for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
XylitolView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Using xylitol products like chewing gum, candies, lozenges, and toothpaste that contain 1 to 20 grams of xylitol per day can slightly reduce cavities in children and adults.
- Studies show xylitol helps lower harmful mouth bacteria and reduces tooth decay better than some other sweeteners like sorbitol.
- Chewing xylitol gum for 10-20 minutes after meals or using lozenges that add up to about 5-8 grams daily may help prevent cavities for people older than 5 years.
Browse 18 studies·6 meta-analyses
RCTRapid Reduction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines with an Oral Topical Composition Comprising Olive Oil, Trimethylglycine and Xylitol: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial2025
In an RCT in adults, for 1 month, the rapid reduction in IL-1β and TNF-α after 1 month of use of the intervention composition suggests a safe and effective novel strategy for reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines that may offer an opportunity to diminish the inflammatory status in patients with overweight/pre-obesity.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 1 month
- Population
- Adults
RCTA chewing gum containing ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid (EDTA), methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) and xylitol works comparable to chlorehexidine mouthrinse2024n=12
In an RCT of 12 participants, samples in 2 groups had no significant difference in age and sex.
- Duration
- 14 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 12
RCTIs xylitol effective in the prevention of dental caries? A systematic review2024
In an RCT in children, for 10 years, key words: Xylitol, dental caries, dental demineralization, Streptococcus mutans, prevention.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 10 years
- Population
- Children
MetaSugar substitutes on caries prevention in permanent teeth among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis2024n=6,325
In a meta-analysis of 6,325 participants, the use of xylitol or sorbitol as sugar substitutes has a beneficial effect in preventing dental caries among children and adolescents.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 6,325
- Ages
- 6–19
RCTXylitol for the prevention of acute otitis media episodes in children aged 1-5 years: a randomised controlled trial2024n=59
In an RCT of 59 participants, for 6 months, regular use of xylitol did not prevent AOM, URTIs or dental caries in a trial with limited statistical power.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 59
- Ages
- 1–5
MetaClinical interventions with various agents to prevent early childhood caries: A systematic review with network meta-analysis2023
In a meta-analysis in children/adolescents, caries incidences at the child level were compared using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
RCTEffects of probiotic yogurt, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, and xylitol chewing gums on the salivary count of Streptococcus mutans: A single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial2023n=30
In an RCT of 30 participants, for 30 days, mutans .
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 30 days
- Population
- Children
- Participants
- 30
Systematic reviewA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Role of Sugar-Free Chewing Gum on Plaque Quantity in the Oral Cavity2022
In a systematic review in adults, when looking more specifically at xylitol gum, the results of the meta-analysis showed that it significantly reduced plaque quantity (effect size-0.743; 95% CI-1.148 to-0.338).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
Efficacy of Sea Salt-Based Mouthwash and Xylitol in Improving Oral Hygiene among Adolescent Population: A Pilot Study2020n=20
In a study of 20 participants, our preliminary data confirm and improve the main results reported in the scientific literature on the importance of the use of xylitol, lysozyme, and sea salt in oral health.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 14–17
MetaEffectiveness of Xylitol in Reducing Dental Caries in Children2017
In a meta-analysis in children/adolescents, the present systematic review examining the effectiveness of xylitol on caries incidence in children showed a small effect size in randomized controlled trials and a very low quality of evidence that makes preventive action of xylitol uncertain.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
MetaXylitol in preventing dental caries: A systematic review and meta-analyses2017
In a meta-analysis in children/adolescents, xylitol was found to be an effective strategy as self-applied caries preventive agent.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
MetaXylitol-containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults2015n=5,903
In a meta-analysis of 5,903 participants, 8 g/day, for 1 year, one study reported that xylitol syrup (8 g per day) reduced caries by 58% (95% CI 33% to 83%, 94 infants analysed, low quality evidence) when compared to a low-dose xylitol syrup (2.67 g per day) consumed for 1 year.The following results had 95% CIs that were compatible...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 1 year
- Dose
- 8 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 5,903
GuidePrevention of dental caries in children from birth through age 5 years: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement2014
In a study in children/adolescents, (I Statement).
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Ages
- 0–5
Systematic reviewEffect of xylitol versus sorbitol: a quantitative systematic review of clinical trials2012
In a systematic review, articles were excluded if they did not report computable data or did not follow up test and control groups in the same way.
- Effect
- Benefit
Systematic reviewCaries preventive effects of xylitol-based candies and lozenges: a systematic review2011
In a systematic review in children/adolescents, the studies must have had the following characteristics: (a) a comparison of caries progression in subjects who either did or did not consume candies or lozenges containing xylitol during a minimum follow-up period of 1 year; and (b) a concurrent comparison of the percentage of caries...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
RCTThe effect of 1% chlorhexidine varnish and 40% xylitol solution on Streptococcus mutans and plaque accumulation in children2011n=17
In a study of 17 participants, one percent chlorhexidine varnish associated with 40% xylitol solution tested in the present study does not provide significant suppression of Streptococcus mutans counts and reduction of plaque accumulation at any follow-up time points.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 17
Can the pentitol-hexitol theory explain the clinical observations made with xylitol?2000
In a study, the validity of the theory can be verified in controlled clinical trials.
Systematic reviewSorbitol compared with xylitol in prevention of dental caries2000
In a systematic review, for 20–40 months, the data suggest that xylitol-containing gums may provide superior efficacy in reducing caries rates in high-risk populations.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 20–40 months
- Population
- Children
AloeView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Some research suggests aloe mouthwash or toothpaste may help with gum inflammation and oral health, though results vary by product and study.
Browse 7 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTComparative evaluation of the efficacy of probiotic, Aloe vera, povidine-iodine, and chlorhexidine mouthwashes in the treatment of gingival inflammation: A randomized controlled trial2024n=40
28-day RCT in 40 gingivitis patients found probiotic and chlorhexidine mouthwashes reduced plaque and bleeding most; aloe vera matched povidone-iodine but underperformed probiotic and CHX.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Gingivitis patients
- Participants
- 40
RCTEffectiveness of Chlorhexidine and Aloe Vera Mouthwash in Patients With Periodontal Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial2024n=270
30-day RCT in 270 periodontal patients aged 18-45 found aloe vera mouthwash reduced plaque and gingivitis similarly to 0.2% chlorhexidine, both outperforming placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 30 days
- Population
- Patients with periodontal disease
- Participants
- 270
- Ages
- 18–45
RCTEfficacy of aloe vera and probiotic mouthwashes vs fluoride mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans in plaque around brackets of orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial2023n=90
30-day RCT in 90 orthodontic patients aged 12-35 found aloe, probiotic, and fluoride mouthwashes all lowered Streptococcus mutans similarly, with no between-group differences.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Orthodontic patients
- Participants
- 90
- Ages
- 12–35
RCTEffect of Aloe vera as a local drug delivery agent in the management of periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021
Meta-analysis of 9 periodontal trials suggested Aloe vera products improve plaque and gingival indices versus comparators, though gingival index estimates were inconsistent across models.
- Effect
- Benefit
RCTThe effect of aloe vera and tea tree oil mouthwashes on the oral health of school children2020
RCT in school children aged 8-14 found aloe vera and tea tree oil mouthwashes reduced plaque, gingivitis, and S. mutans comparably to chlorhexidine over 4 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Ages
- 8–14
RCTClinical and microbiologic effects of commercially available dentifrice containing aloe vera: a randomized controlled clinical trial2012
RCT in gingivitis patients found aloe vera dentifrice improved plaque, gingival, and microbiologic scores versus placebo, comparable to triclosan toothpaste.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Population
- Patients with gingivitis
RCTEffect of a dentifrice containing Aloe vera on plaque and gingivitis control. A double-blind clinical study in humans2008n=15
30-day double-blind RCT in 30 pregnant women found both aloe and fluoridated dentifrices reduced plaque and gingivitis, with no significant difference between groups.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 30 days
- Population
- Pregnant women
- Participants
- 15
- Ages
- 35–43
Coconut OilView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Small studies suggest that swishing virgin coconut oil in the mouth can help reduce plaque and improve gum health.
- Using about 5 to 10 mL twice daily for several weeks may lower plaque buildup and reduce gum inflammation and bleeding.
- This practice, known as oil pulling, works by cleaning the mouth and may also have natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.
- While some studies show benefits similar to popular mouthwashes, more research is needed to confirm these findings.
- Coconut oil pulling should not replace regular brushing and flossing but may be used as a helpful addition to oral care routines.
Browse 6 studies
RCTAnti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of coconut oil for periodontal pathogens: a triple-blind randomized clinical trial2025n=30
A triple-blind RCT in 30 periodontitis patients found coconut oil reduced pathogenic oral bacteria such as Tannerella forsythia and lowered gingival IL-6 and TNF-α similarly to chlorhexidine.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Patients with periodontitis
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 18+
Evaluating the effect of virgin coconut oil pulling on viral load, bacterial load and inflammatory mediator levels in chronic periodontitis - A clinical study2025n=30
In 30 patients with chronic periodontitis, virgin coconut oil pulling for 4 weeks after scaling reduced viral load, bacterial load, and inflammatory mediators comparably to chlorhexidine and better than distilled water.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Population
- Patients with chronic periodontitis
- Participants
- 30
RCTComparison and Evaluation of the Efficacy of Sesame Oil, Coconut Oil, and Sunflower Oil Pulling on Gingival Health-A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial2024n=80
A triple-blind RCT in 80 adults aged 18–25 found sesame, coconut, and sunflower oil pulling all improved gingival health, with coconut oil showing the greatest benefit.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 80
- Ages
- 18–25
RCTMicrobiological Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil Pulling in Comparison with Palm Oil Pulling as an Adjunctive Oral Hygiene Care for Patients with Gingival Inflammation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial2022n=36
In 36 adults with gingival inflammation, 28 days of virgin coconut oil pulling did not outperform palm oil on total plaque bacteria, though palm oil significantly reduced Mutans streptococci.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 28 days
- Population
- Patients with gingival inflammation
- Participants
- 36
Clinical trialThe Role of Coconut Oil in Treating Patients Affected by Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Pilot Study2020n=20
A pilot study in 20 patients with plaque-induced gingivitis found daily coconut oil mouthwash for 30 days reduced plaque and bleeding indices more than routine oral hygiene alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 30 days
- Population
- Adults with gingivitis
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 18–35
RCTEfficacy of oil pulling therapy with coconut oil on four-day supragingival plaque growth: A randomized crossover clinical trial2019n=29
A crossover trial in 29 volunteers found coconut oil pulling inhibited 4-day plaque regrowth similarly to 0.2% chlorhexidine, with less tooth staining.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 29
Vitamin DView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear whether taking vitamin D by mouth helps prevent or treat gum disease (periodontitis).
- Most studies do not show a link between vitamin D levels and the risk of periodontitis.
- Some research suggests that having higher vitamin D levels might lower the risk of gum disease in people over 50 years old, but this does not seem to apply to younger adults.
- Taking vitamin D by mouth may lower the chance of getting cavities in babies, children, and teenagers.
- Studies show that vitamin D3 cuts the risk of cavities by nearly half, and vitamin D2 reduces the risk by about one-third compared to not taking vitamin D. Babies with higher vitamin D levels at birth tend to have fewer cavities at 1 year old.
- However, giving pregnant women two doses of vitamin D2 during pregnancy does not seem to raise vitamin D in the baby’s blood or prevent cavities in the infant.
Browse 5 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaAssociation of vitamin D in individuals with periodontitis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis2023
A meta-analysis found periodontitis patients had lower serum vitamin D than controls, and scaling plus vitamin D reduced clinical attachment loss more than scaling alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
ObservationalThe Influence of Prenatal Vitamin D Supplementation on Dental Caries in Infants2020n=283
In a cohort of 283 pregnant women, prenatal 50,000 IU vitamin D doses did not reduce infant caries prevalence, though higher cord 25(OH)D inversely correlated with decayed teeth.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 50000 IU/day
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 283
- Avg age
- ~23
MetaVitamin D and dental caries in controlled clinical trials: systematic review and meta-analysis2013n=8
A systematic review of 24 controlled clinical trials concluded vitamin D supplementation is a promising caries-preventive agent, though most included trials predated modern trial design.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 8
ObservationalAssociation between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and periodontal disease in the US population2004n=202
In 11,202 US adults, lower serum 25(OH)D was associated with greater periodontal attachment loss in men and women aged 50+, independent of bone mineral density.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 202
- Ages
- ≥20
RCTCalcium and vitamin D supplements reduce tooth loss in the elderly2001n=145
In 145 elderly adults over 3 years, 1000 mg calcium plus vitamin D reduced tooth loss vs placebo during supplementation; benefits waned after stopping.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 years
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 145
- Avg age
- ~65
IodineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Rinsing with povidone-iodine during deep teeth cleaning for gum disease can modestly reduce the depth of gum pockets and improve gum attachment around teeth compared with rinsing with water or salt water.
- Benefits are usually seen clearly after several months.
Browse 1 study
Systematic reviewSystematic review on the effect of rinsing with povidone-iodine during nonsurgical periodontal therapy2010
A systematic review through November 2008 found inconsistent evidence on whether povidone-iodine rinsing as an adjunct to scaling and root planing adds meaningful benefit for chronic periodontitis.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Periodontitis patients
ProbioticsView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Probiotics are possibly effective for Oral health.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaClinical effects of probiotics on the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis2025
A meta-analysis of 24 periodontal/gingivitis trials found probiotics lowered plaque index in periodontitis (p=0.001) and bleeding on probing in gingivitis, with mixed pocket depth results.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with gingivitis
Green TeaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A randomized clinical study evaluating whether green tea and hyaluronic acid gel improve fibroblast activity and gingival healing after third molar extraction, showing enhanced healing outcomes.
Browse 6 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTGreen tea and hyaluronic acid gel enhance fibroblast activation and improves the gingival healing post-third molar extraction2024n=20
In 20 patients after bilateral third molar extraction, a green tea and hyaluronic acid gel improved fibroblast activation and gingival healing versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 20
RCTEffect of green tea, ginger plus green tea, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on plaque-induced gingivitis: A randomized clinical trial2021n=60
In 60 children (ages 10–14) with plaque-induced gingivitis, green tea and ginger-plus-green tea mouthwashes improved gingival inflammation versus baseline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 60
- Ages
- 10–14
RCTImpact of Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis) on periodontitis and caries. Systematic review and meta-analysis2021n=870
A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs (870 participants) found green tea beneficial for periodontitis and dental caries outcomes versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 870
RCTThermo-reversible green tea catechin gel for local application in chronic periodontitis: a 4-week clinical trial2013n=30
In 30 patients with chronic periodontitis, a 4-week thermo-reversible green tea catechin gel as an adjunct improved periodontal clinical measures versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 0–4 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 30
ObservationalRelationship between intake of green tea and periodontal disease2009
In 940 Japanese men (ages 49–59), higher green tea intake was associated with better periodontal health markers, including lower probing depth and attachment loss.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Men
- Ages
- 49–59
RCTThe effect of sugar-free green tea chew candies on the degree of inflammation of the gingiva2000n=25
In 47 adults, sugar-free green tea chew candies reduced gingival inflammation versus control in a double-blind clinical study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 25
- Avg age
- ~26
LycopeneView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if lycopene has any benefit for Oral health.
Browse 3 studies·1 meta-analysis
Systematic reviewSystematic review and meta-analysis of the antioxidant capacity of lycopene in the treatment of periodontal disease2024
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 periodontal RCTs found lycopene adjunct therapy significantly improved plaque index and short-term probing depth and bleeding on probing vs conventional treatment alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
ObservationalAssessment of Utility of Lycopene, Selenium, and Vitamin E in Management of Oral Leukoplakia2022n=52
A prospective study of 52 oral leukoplakia patients found combination lycopene (6 mg), vitamin E (400 IU), and selenium (200 mcg) twice daily for 12 weeks reduced mean lesion size from 9.24 to 1.52 cm² vs 8.52 to 6.28 cm² on placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 400 IU/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 52
RCTEfficacy of lycopene as a locally delivered gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: smokers vs nonsmokers2012n=10
An RCT of 110 smokers and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis found locally delivered lycopene gel after scaling reduced probing depth and improved clinical attachment vs placebo in both groups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Participants
- 10
EchinaceaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Using mouth rinses or patches with echinacea and other natural ingredients might help reduce gum inflammation and stop gum disease from getting worse.
- Some studies showed they can lessen redness and swelling in gums compared to placebo, but results are variable.
- It is not clear how much echinacea itself helps.
- These natural products are generally safe and may support regular gum care.
Browse 3 studies
RCTEffect of an herbal mouth rinse in preventing periodontal inflammation in an experimental gingivitis model: a pilot study2012n=62
In 62 adults in an experimental gingivitis model over 2 weeks, herbal mouth rinse HM-302 significantly reduced gingival index increase versus water control (p = 0.006), with no serious adverse events.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 62
Controlled trialLocalized reduction of gingival inflammation using site-specific therapy with a topical gingival patch2012n=26
In 26 periodontitis patients, a topical gingival patch reduced gingival crevicular fluid beta-glucuronidase at 24 hours in 17/22 treated sites versus 3/14 controls (p = 0.002), suggesting localized anti-inflammatory benefit.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with chronic periodontitis
- Participants
- 26
RCTA phase II trial of a transmucosal herbal patch for the treatment of gingivitis2011n=53
In 53 gingivitis patients over 3 days, transmucosal herbal periodontal patches significantly reduced gingival index on days 4 and 15 and beta-glucuronidase on days 4 and 8 versus placebo patches.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 days
- Participants
- 53
ElderberryView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Elderberry is sometimes used in mouth rinses or gum patches with other herbs.
- Studies show these combinations might help stop gum disease getting worse and reduce gum inflammation a little, but results vary.
- It’s not clear how much elderberry alone helps.
Browse 4 studies
RCTA randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating of a mouthwash containing Sambucus williamsii var. coreana extract for prevention of gingivitits2022n=64
In 64 adults over 5 days, a Sambucus williamsii mouthwash significantly improved O'Leary index, plaque index, gingival index, and subgingival plaque versus saline control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 5 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 64
RCTEffect of an herbal mouth rinse in preventing periodontal inflammation in an experimental gingivitis model: a pilot study2022n=62
In 62 adults in an experimental gingivitis model over 2 weeks, herbal mouth rinse HM-302 significantly reduced gingival index increase versus water control (p = 0.006), with no serious adverse events.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 62
Controlled trialLocalized reduction of gingival inflammation using site-specific therapy with a topical gingival patch2012n=26
In 26 periodontitis patients, a topical gingival patch reduced gingival crevicular fluid beta-glucuronidase at 24 hours in 17/22 treated sites versus 3/14 controls (p = 0.002), suggesting localized anti-inflammatory benefit.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with chronic periodontitis
- Participants
- 26
RCTA phase II trial of a transmucosal herbal patch for the treatment of gingivitis2011n=53
In 53 gingivitis patients over 3 days, transmucosal herbal periodontal patches significantly reduced gingival index on days 4 and 15 and beta-glucuronidase on days 4 and 8 versus placebo patches.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 days
- Participants
- 53
IronView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Early research on oral health is limited.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the association between iron deficiency and the risk of early childhood caries.
- More studies are needed before any benefit can be considered reliable.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
MetaIron deficiency and early childhood caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A meta-analysis of 12 case-control studies found children with early childhood caries had higher odds of iron deficiency (OR 2.63) and iron-deficiency anemia (OR 2.74) than caries-free children.
- Population
- Children/adolescents
MelatoninView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A review of seven small studies in people with periodontitis found that taking oral melatonin (3–10 mg daily) along with standard cleaning treatment for the gums led to better results in gum health.
- Improvements were seen in measures such as gum attachment, pocket depth, and gum inflammation compared with only cleaning treatment.
Browse 2 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTA Randomized Clinical Study of a Curcumin and Melatonin Toothpaste Against Periodontal Bacteria2024n=20
In a trial of curcumin-melatonin toothpaste versus placebo, the active toothpaste modulated oral microbiome composition in periodontal patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Pregnant women
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 18–55
MetaClinical efficacy of melatonin as adjunctive therapy to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis2022n=412
A meta-analysis found adjunctive melatonin after non-surgical periodontal treatment improved clinical attachment and reduced inflammation versus standard care alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3–10 mg/day
- Participants
- 412
Alpha-Lipoic AcidView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not known if alpha-lipoic acid by itself helps improve oral health or gum disease (periodontitis).
- One small study found that taking a supplement with alpha-lipoic acid plus several other nutrients twice daily for 8 weeks, along with standard gum treatment, did not improve gum bleeding, plaque, gum recession, or inflammation compared to placebo.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffect of a multinutrient supplement as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial2024
In 42 periodontitis patients, a 2-month multinutrient supplement including alpha-lipoic acid as add-on to scaling showed some additional probing depth and bleeding-on-probing benefit versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Population
- Patients with periodontitis
EucalyptusView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Using a chewing gum containing eucalyptus extract can improve gingivitis severity.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEffect of eucalyptus extract chewing gum on periodontal health: a double-masked, randomized trial2008n=33
In a 12-week double-masked trial in adults with gingivitis, chewing gum with 0.6% eucalyptus extract (90 mg/day) improved plaque, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and attachment levels versus placebo gum.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 90 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 33
RCTThe inhibitory effect of funoran and eucalyptus extract-containing chewing gum on plaque formation1998
In 15 dental professionals over 4 days without other oral hygiene, funoran or eucalyptus chewing gum significantly reduced plaque scores (1.83 and 1.97) compared with control gum (2.57).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 days
GarlicView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Taking aged garlic extract daily for 18 months helps reduce deep gum pockets, a sign of gum disease, better than placebo in people with moderate to severe gum problems.
- This improvement is linked to how much garlic extract people took, if they smoked, and how bad their gum pockets were to start.
- Garlic extract did not improve gum recession.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEfficacy of aged garlic extract on periodontal pockets: An 18-month dose response study2025n=300
In 300 adults with moderate-to-severe periodontal pockets, aged garlic extract for 18 months dose-dependently reduced pocket depth versus placebo in an examiner-blind RCT.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 18 months
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 300
- Ages
- 30–60
RCTBeneficial effect of aged garlic extract on periodontitis: a randomized controlled double-blind clinical study2020n=170
In 201 participants with periodontitis, aged garlic extract 2400 mg/day for 18 months significantly reduced probing pocket depth and gingival recession versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 18 months
- Dose
- 2400 mg/day
- Population
- Pregnant women
- Participants
- 170
- Ages
- 20–60
NutmegView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It's not clear if nutmeg helps with dental cavities in children.
- A small study showed that a nutmeg gel used during a procedure in children aged 6-9 was just as effective as a common treatment in preventing pain and other problems for at least a year.
- But more evidence is needed to confirm its benefits.
- It is uncertain if nutmeg helps with bad breath.
- One small study in India found that a mouthwash containing 2% nutmeg and other oils reduced plaque and bad breath after 3 weeks when used twice daily.
- However, this mouthwash was not better than a standard antiseptic mouthwash (chlorhexidine).
Browse 2 studies
RCTComparative evaluation of nutmeg mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash on halitosis and plaque control: A randomized clinical trial2022n=60
In 60 adults, 21 days of nutmeg mouthwash reduced plaque by 39% and halitosis by 24.7% at day 14, comparable to 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 21 days
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 60
- Ages
- 20–60
Clinical trialEfficacy of Myristica fragrans and Terminalia chebula as Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Teeth: A Clinical Study2018n=20
In 20 primary teeth, nutmeg and Terminalia chebula herbal pulpotomy agents performed similarly to formocresol over 12 months follow-up.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 20
Olive OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Olive oil applied to the gums has only been tested when combined with other ingredients, so it is unclear how well olive oil alone works for gum inflammation. In a small study, people who brushed their teeth with a toothpaste containing olive oil, xylitol, and betaine for 4 months had less gum bleeding, less plaque, and better mouth pH compared to those using placebo or regular toothpaste. It is not clear which ingredient caused these benefits.
- It is not yet clear if applying olive oil to the gums helps with periodontitis symptoms. Early research shows that using olive oil treated with ozone on the gums, either by itself or along with standard deep cleaning treatment for 8 weeks, improves gum health measures like plaque, bleeding, and pocket depth better than deep cleaning alone or chlorhexidine gel. The number of bacteria in the mouth also decreased with olive oil treatment.
Browse 2 studies
RCTRandomized clinical trial on the clinical effects of a toothpaste containing extra virgin olive oil, xylitol, and betaine in gingivitis2023n=20
A 4-month RCT in 61 adults with gingivitis found toothpaste with extra virgin olive oil, xylitol, and betaine reduced gingival bleeding and biofilm more than placebo or commercial toothpaste.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 months
- Population
- Patients with gingivitis
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 18–70
RCTEffect of subgingival application of topical ozonated olive oil in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled, double blind, clinical and microbiological study2012n=20
A split-mouth RCT in 20 chronic periodontitis patients found subgingival ozonated olive oil as adjunct or monotherapy improved clinical and microbiological periodontal measures over 8 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Participants
- 20
Panax GinsengView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not certain if taking Panax ginseng helps with bad breath.
- Early research shows that taking Korean red ginseng daily for 10 weeks may reduce bad breath, especially bad breath due to H. pylori infection.
- However, this study did not include a comparison group.
Browse 2 studies
RCTComparison of the effectiveness of red ginseng herbal mouth rinse with chlorhexidine and saline in oral cancer patients: A pilot double-blinded randomized control trial2023
In 45 oral cancer patients, red ginseng herbal mouth rinse for 14 days reduced oral bacterial load and improved gingival index versus chlorhexidine and saline.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 14 days
- Population
- Oral cancer patients
Clinical trialKorea red ginseng on Helicobacter pylori-induced halitosis: newer therapeutic strategy and a plausible mechanism2009n=38
In 88 dyspeptic patients, 10 weeks of red ginseng resolved halitosis in 38 of 68 H. pylori-positive cases and improved symptoms in H. pylori-negative patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 10 weeks
- Population
- Patients with functional dyspepsia
- Participants
- 38
ResveratrolView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Resveratrol has insufficient evidence for Oral health.
Browse 1 study
RCTImpact of resveratrol supplementation on clinical parameters and inflammatory markers in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trail2023n=20
In chronic periodontitis patients after non-surgical therapy, resveratrol supplementation improved clinical attachment and reduced inflammatory markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with chronic periodontitis
- Participants
- 20
- Ages
- 30–60
Saccharomyces boulardiiView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Saccharomyces boulardii has insufficient evidence for Oral health.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffect of a Locally Delivered Probiotic-Prebiotic Mixture as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis2016n=30
As an adjunct to scaling and root planing, S. boulardii with FOS improved probing depth and clinical attachment versus SRP alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 30
SeleniumView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Selenium has insufficient evidence for Oral health.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffect of a multinutrient supplement as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial2024
In 42 periodontitis patients, a 2-month multinutrient supplement including alpha-lipoic acid as add-on to scaling showed some additional probing depth and bleeding-on-probing benefit versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Population
- Patients with periodontitis
N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)View supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is unclear if mouthwash with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) helps prevent or treat gingivitis.
- Using NAC mouth rinse twice daily for 3 weeks may reduce gingivitis a little better than a placebo but does not reduce plaque.
- NAC is not as strong as chlorhexidine and did not help in a short treatment study for gingivitis.
Browse 2 studies
RCTN-acetyl cysteine versus chlorhexidine mouthwashes in prevention and treatment of experimental gingivitis: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2019n=10
A triple-blind RCT of 60 subjects found NAC mouthwash reduced plaque and gingivitis comparably to chlorhexidine with fewer side effects during a 35-day trial.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 35 days
- Dose
- 15 ml 1.25% NAC mouthwash twice/day
- Participants
- 10
Clinical trialClinical trial of the anti-plaque activity of a mucolytic agent, N-Acetyl Cysteine1985
A clinical trial found N-acetylcysteine reduced dental plaque formation, suggesting mucolytic activity may inhibit plaque adherence on tooth surfaces.
Vitamin AView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- The research suggests that vitamin A might help protect gums and teeth from disease, but evidence isn’t conclusive.
- Some studies show a small benefit, but results vary a lot between different groups of people.
- More research is needed to understand if vitamin A really helps with gum health.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
ObservationalEvaluating the Protective Role of Vitamin A Supplementation in Periodontal Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2024n=50,722
A meta-analysis of 50722 participants found that the meta-analysis revealed a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94-1.00) for the association between vitamin A supplementation and periodontal health, indicating a slight protective effect.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 50,722
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xylitol | ★★★★★76% | 18 | 6 | 24% |
| Aloe | ★★★★★68% | 7 | 1 | 9% |
| Coconut Oil | ★★★★★68% | 6 | 0 | 8% |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★52% | 6 | 1 | 8% |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★68% | 5 | 2 | 7% |
| Elderberry | ★★★★★48% | 4 | 0 | 5% |
| Echinacea | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 4% |
| Lycopene | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 1 | 4% |
| Eucalyptus | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Garlic | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★48% | 2 | 1 | 3% |
| N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) | ★★★★★32% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Nutmeg | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 3% |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Iodine | ★★★★★64% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Iron | ★★★★★48% | 1 | 1 | 1% |
| Probiotics | ★★★★★64% | 1 | 1 | 1% |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Saccharomyces boulardii | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Selenium | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | 1% |
| Vitamin A | ★★★★★28% | 1 | 1 | 1% |