Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Supplements studied for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Overview
Several supplements show medium-strength evidence for NAFLD. Curcumin (WA 68; medium effect size, very high evidence, medium trust; 19 studies) may reduce liver fat and improve liver enzymes, weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol versus placebo. Artichoke (WA 52; low effect size, high evidence, medium trust) and Garlic (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) may lower liver enzymes in fatty liver over several weeks. Berberine (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) may reduce liver enzymes, blood fats, and liver fat content.
Resveratrol (WA 72; medium effect size, high evidence, very high trust) has mixed results—generally no major improvement in liver enzymes or metabolic measures, with some signal for reduced inflammation. See the heatmap and evidence reviews below for supplement comparisons.
Effect graph
Relevant supplements
Relevant supplements sorted by DEX Score.
| Vitamin E | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Garlic | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Berberine | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Fish Oil | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Curcumin | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Probiotics | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin C | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Milk Thistle | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Jiaogulan | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Inositol | ★★★★★ | Medium |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| L-Carnitine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Artichoke | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Phosphatidylcholine | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Quercetin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| L-Citrulline | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Inulin | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Ginger | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Garcinia Cambogia | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Flaxseed Oil | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★ | Low |
| SAMe | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Lycopene | ★★★★★ | Low |
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Kefir | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Avocado | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
| Nicotinamide Riboside | ★★★★★ | Very Low / None |
Studies
Find individual evidence reviews for supplements sorted by DEX Score.
35 supplements for , and rated at least stars. All purchase bands. No minimum star filter.
BerberineView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Berberine, taken by mouth, may improve liver health and blood fat levels in people with fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Studies show that berberine reduces liver enzymes that indicate liver damage and lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood sugar levels.
- It can reduce the fat in the liver by about 20%, similar to some diabetes medications, and may also help with weight loss.
- Berberine works by helping the body use insulin better, reducing inflammation, and supporting liver and gut health.
- It is generally safe with only mild side effects like stomach upset reported.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTDoes berberine impact anthropometric, hepatic, and metabolic parameters in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease? Randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial2024
A 12-week RCT in MAFLD patients found berberine 1,500 mg/day lowered ALT and improved total cholesterol versus placebo, with BMI and trunk fat reductions correlating with liver marker improvements.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with obesity
MetaThe clinical efficacy and safety of berberine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review2024n=811
A meta-analysis of 10 NAFLD RCTs in 811 patients found berberine significantly reduced ALT, AST, GGT, triglycerides, total and LDL cholesterol, HOMA-IR, and BMI with only mild GI adverse events.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 811
RCTEfficacy of berberine in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2015n=180
A 16-week open-label RCT of 184 NAFLD patients found berberine plus lifestyle intervention reduced hepatic fat content 52.7% versus 36.4% with lifestyle alone and outperformed pioglitazone on weight and HOMA-IR.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 16 weeks
- Dose
- 0.5 g 3×/day
- Population
- Patients with dyslipidemia
- Participants
- 180
RCTResearch on therapeutic effect and hemorrheology change of berberine in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes combining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2011n=60
A 12-week RCT of 60 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with NAFLD found berberine improved liver ultrasound findings and lipids similarly to xuezhikang, with 70% effective rate.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 60
GarlicView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research shows that taking garlic powder daily may help improve liver health in people with fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Garlic supplements at doses around 800 to 1600 mg have been found to reduce liver enzyme levels and improve fatty liver condition in about half to two-thirds of patients, compared to fewer improvements with placebo.
- Garlic also helps lower LDL cholesterol, which can benefit liver and heart health.
- Eating more raw garlic might lower the risk of developing fatty liver, although this effect wasn’t seen in women.
- In people with NAFLD and high blood pressure, garlic supplements helped reduce blood pressure and markers of inflammation compared to placebo.
Browse 5 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaSystematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of garlic in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2022n=186
A meta-analysis of NAFLD trials (186 patients) found garlic supplementation significantly improved liver enzymes, lipid profile, and steatosis markers versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 186
RCTEffect of garlic powder supplementation on blood pressure and hs-C-reactive protein among nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2021n=110
In 110 NAFLD patients, garlic powder 800 mg/day for 15 weeks significantly reduced systolic blood pressure and hs-CRP versus placebo in a double-blind RCT.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 15 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 110
- Ages
- 20–70
RCTEffect of garlic powder supplementation on hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes and lipid profile in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial2020
In 90 NAFLD patients, garlic powder 1600 mg/day for 12 weeks significantly improved hepatic steatosis grade, liver enzymes, and lipid profile versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1600 mg/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
RCTTherapeutic Effects of Garlic on Hepatic Steatosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial2020n=110
In 110 NAFLD patients, 800 mg/day garlic for 15 weeks significantly improved hepatic steatosis on ultrasound and reduced liver enzymes versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 15 weeks
- Dose
- 800 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 110
- Ages
- 20–70
ObservationalAssociation between dietary raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study2019n=11,326
In 24,106 Chinese adults, higher habitual raw garlic intake was inversely associated with newly diagnosed NAFLD on ultrasound after multivariate adjustment.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 1 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 11,326
- Ages
- 20–90
ResveratrolView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Most studies show that taking resveratrol does not significantly improve liver enzymes, blood sugar control, blood pressure, cholesterol, weight, or belly fat in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
- It might slightly reduce inflammation in the body.
- Some studies show mixed results about whether resveratrol can reduce fat in the liver; one study found no effect with a high dose for 8 weeks, but another study found that a moderate dose with diet and exercise helped reduce liver fat after 3 months.
- More research is needed to understand how well resveratrol works for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Browse 9 studies·5 meta-analyses
RCTEffects of resveratrol supplementation on serum concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibroblast growth factor 21, and adiponectin in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2025n=50
In NAFLD patients, resveratrol supplementation lowered PAI-1, hs-CRP, and adiponectin versus placebo over the intervention period.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 600 mg/day resveratrol
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 50
- Ages
- 20–60
MetaEfficacy of resveratrol supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials2021
A meta-analysis found resveratrol supplementation significantly reduced liver enzymes and improved some NAFLD markers versus placebo in clinical trials.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
MetaThe effects of resveratrol supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials2021n=6
An overview of meta-analyses found resveratrol produced small improvements in some cardiometabolic markers in T2DM, MetS, and NAFLD, with low certainty for many outcomes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 6
RCTNo effect of resveratrol on VLDL-TG kinetics and insulin sensitivity in obese men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2018n=16
In obese men with NAFLD, resveratrol 500 mg three times daily for 6 months did not improve VLDL-triglyceride kinetics or insulin sensitivity versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day resveratrol
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 16
MetaThe effects of resveratrol supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2018
A meta-analysis found resveratrol reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in metabolic syndrome patients, though heterogeneity was high.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with metabolic syndrome
MetaResveratrol Supplementation in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis2017n=158
A meta-analysis of NAFLD RCTs (158 participants pooled) found resveratrol significantly reduced ALT and AST versus placebo, with inconsistent effects on liver fat.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 158
MetaEfficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials2016n=156
A meta-analysis found resveratrol improved some NAFLD parameters such as liver enzymes and steatosis, though clinical outcomes remained inconsistent.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 156
RCTResveratrol does not benefit patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2014n=10
In overweight men with NAFLD, resveratrol 300 mg/day for 30 days did not reduce hepatic steatosis or insulin resistance versus placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 300 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 10
RCTResveratrol supplementation improves inflammatory biomarkers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2014
In 50 NAFLD patients, resveratrol 500 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced inflammatory biomarkers and improved liver fat versus placebo with lifestyle advice.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
Vitamin EView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if vitamin E helps people with fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including when it progresses to serious liver inflammation (NASH).
- Some studies show vitamin E taken at doses between 100 and 800 IU daily for 1 to 24 months may improve liver test results and reduce fat and inflammation in the liver, but it does not seem to help with liver scarring.
- In adults, vitamin E taken for up to 24 weeks may improve liver test results.
- In children, vitamin E lowers total and bad cholesterol, but does not improve liver tests, insulin resistance, weight, or liver damage.
Browse 9 studies·4 meta-analyses
RCTThe effect of vitamin E and docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)—A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (PUVENAFLD)2024n=203
In an RCT of 203 participants, 1000 mg/day, neither vitamin E alone (p = 0.91) nor DHA alone (p = 0.14) significantly reduced hepatic steatosis compared to placebo.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 203
- Avg age
- ~51
MetaThe Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Serum Aminotransferases in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2023n=794
In a meta-analysis of 794 participants, 400 IU/day, three electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Embase) were reviewed for randomized trials that tested vitamin E supplementation versus placebo or no intervention in patients with NAFLD, published until April 2023.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 400 IU/day
- Population
- Liver disease patients
- Participants
- 794
RCTComparison of delta-tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol effects on hepatic steatosis and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized double-blind active-controlled trial2022n=100
A 48-wk study comparing the efficacy of delta-tocotrienol (300 mg twice daily) and alpha-tocopherol (268 mg twice daily) in 100 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease found that both groups experienced similar improvements in fatty liver index, liver-to-spleen attenuation ratio (L/S ratio) and HOMA-IR compared to placebo. The delta-tocotrienol group experienced a significantly greater decrease in body weight, serum interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, leptin, cytokeratin-18 and an increase in adiponectin compared to the alpha-tocopherol group.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 48 weeks
- Dose
- 268 mg 2×/day
- Population
- Liver disease patients
- Participants
- 100
MetaSystematic review with meta-analysis: The effect of vitamin E supplementation in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2021n=8
A meta-analysis of 15 studies (qualitative n = 8, quantitative n = 7) including NAFLD patients found that vitamin E reduced liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT: -7.37 IU/L, 95% CI -10.11 to -4.64) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST: -5.71 IU/L, 95% CI -9.49 to -1.93) when compared to placebo. Vitamin E was associated with improved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and serum leptin values.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 7.37 IU/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 8
MetaVitamin E in paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis2021
In a meta-analysis in children/adolescents, however, no significant changes were found in other indicators, including body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) levels, high-density lipoprotein (HLD) levels, fasting insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, aspartate aminotransferase...
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
MetaVitamin E has a beneficial effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2015
In a meta-analysis in adults, according to a random effect model analysis of the five studies, vitamin E significantly reduced aspartate transaminase (AST) by -19.43 U/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by -28.91 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by -10.39 U/L, steatosis by -0.54 U/L, inflammation by -0.20 U/L, and hepatocellular...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
GuideThe diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association2012
Major U.S. hepatology guidelines on NAFLD/NASH management note limited evidence supporting herbal interventions such as silymarin for disease-modifying treatment.
RCTEffect of vitamin E or metformin for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: the TONIC randomized controlled trial2011n=58
A 96-wk manufacturer-funded study of 173 NAFLD patients (aged 8-17 yrs) found that d-alpha tocopherol (800 IU/day, n = 58) was not significantly superior to placebo (n = 58) for achieving a sustained reduction in ALT levels (50% or less of baseline level or 40 U/L) in pediatric NAFLD patients but did significantly improve resolution of pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In children with NASH taking vitamin E, resolution of NASH occurred in 25/43 of patients (95% CI, 42% to 73%) vs. 11/39 (95% CI, 42% to 73%) in the placebo group after 96 weeks (1 yr and 10 mths).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 96 weeks
- Dose
- 800 IU/day
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 58
- Ages
- 8–17
RCTPioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis2010n=84
In an RCT of 84 participants, 30 mg/day, for 96 weeks, serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were reduced with vitamin E and with pioglitazone, as compared with placebo (P<0.001 for both comparisons), and both agents were associated with reductions in hepatic steatosis (P=0.005 for vitamin E and P<0.001 for pioglitazone)...
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 96 weeks
- Dose
- 30 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 84
CurcuminView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Curcumin, a natural compound found in turmeric, may help reduce fat buildup in the liver and improve some health measures in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Studies show that curcumin can lessen liver fat, improve liver enzyme levels, body weight, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels compared to placebo.
- It may also help reduce waist size and improve how the body handles insulin.
- Studies have used different amounts of curcumin, usually between 250 mg and 3 grams daily.
- Although curcumin is generally safe, rare liver damage has been reported, especially with high doses or certain genetic risks.
- Symptoms like belly pain, tiredness, dark urine, or yellowing skin require medical attention.
Browse 19 studies·5 meta-analyses
RCTCurcumin supplementation alleviates hepatic fat content associated with modulation of gut microbiota-dependent bile acid metabolism in patients with nonalcoholic simple fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial2024n=80
A study of 80 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease found that 500 mg/day curcumin for 24 weeks decreased liver fat (-4%), significantly increased Bacteroides abundance and improved Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, signalling improvements in gut microbiota levels. Curcumin supplementation also led to an increase in TGR5 expression which regulates the release of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). [10184]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 80
MetaDoes curcumin improve liver enzymes levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression2024n=835
A meta-analysis of 15 NAFLD trials in 835 patients found curcumin lowered AST but not ALT, with high heterogeneity linked to dose and trial duration.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 835
MetaAn updated meta-analysis of effects of curcumin on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease based on available evidence from Iran and Thailand2023
An updated MAFLD meta-analysis found curcumin improved AST, ALT, hepatic steatosis resolution, fasting glucose, BMI, and total cholesterol versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
RCTEfficacy of curcumin plus piperine co-supplementation in moderate-to-high hepatic steatosis: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial2023n=30
A 12-week study in patients with moderate-to-high severity of fatty liver disease found 500 mg/day curcumin + 5 mg/day piperine decreased waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol (-22 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase compared to placebo. [10185]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 30
Liver Injury Associated with Turmeric-A Growing Problem: Ten Cases from the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network [DILIN]2023n=9
Among 10 DILIN cases since 2011, turmeric or curcumin supplements were linked to hepatocellular liver injury after 1–4 months, strongly associated with HLA-B*35:01.
- Duration
- 1–4 months
- Population
- Women
- Participants
- 9
- Ages
- 18–65
MetaMeta-Analysis of Exploring the Effect of Curcumin Supplementation with or without Other Advice on Biochemical and Anthropometric Parameters in Patients with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)2023
A meta-analysis of 14 MAFLD trials found curcumin with or without lifestyle advice significantly improved ALT, AST, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and waist circumference.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
MetaCurcumin as adjuvant treatment in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis2022n=1,028
A meta-analysis of 16 NAFLD RCTs in 1028 participants found curcumin improved liver ultrasound findings, reduced ALT and AST, lowered total cholesterol, and reduced BMI versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 1,028
RCTCurcumin Offers No Additional Benefit to Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Status in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease2022
In 52 NAFLD patients on lifestyle modification for 12 weeks, adding 1.5 g/day curcumin did not provide additional cardiometabolic benefit beyond lifestyle alone; most atherogenesis and fatty liver indices did not differ between groups.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1.5 g/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Ages
- 18+
RCTThe effect of curcumin on hepatic fat content in individuals with obesity2022n=36
A 6-wk study of 36 obese participants with mild steatosis aged 32 to 60 found that Meriva curcumin did not improve hepatic fat content. However it cannot be concluded that long-term curcumin supplementation is ineffective, due to the short duration of the study. [10186]
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- 200 mg 2×/day
- Participants
- 36
- Ages
- 32–60
RCTCurcumin and Piperine Combination for the Treatment of Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial2021n=40
In 79 adults with NAFLD (ages 18–65) given dietary and exercise advice, 500 mg/day curcumin plus piperine for 2 months lowered alkaline phosphatase and NAFLD severity compared with placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 40
- Ages
- 18–65
RCTThe Effect of Curcumin Phytosome on the Treatment of Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial2021n=80
An RCT of 80 NAFLD patients found that 250 mg/day curcumin phytosome for 2 months significantly reduced hepatic steatosis grade and AST versus placebo, though HDL and anthropometric measures did not differ between groups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 2 months
- Dose
- 250 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 80
Systematic reviewAcute liver injury following turmeric use in Tuscany: An analysis of the Italian Phytovigilance database and systematic review of case reports2020
An Italian phytovigilance report of 7 cases plus a systematic review of 23 published cases found acute hepatitis associated with high-bioavailability, high-dose Curcuma longa supplements, with positive dechallenge in most patients.
- Population
- Adults
RCTCurcuminoids plus piperine improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A clinical trial2019n=70
A study of 70 patients with NAFLD given 5 mg piperine with 500 mg curcuminoids (Curcumin C3 Complex) found improvements in disease severity after 12 weeks. There were no changes in cholesterol or insulin levels. [10187]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 5 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 70
MetaDoes turmeric/curcumin supplementation improve serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2019
A meta-analysis of 6 RCTs in NAFLD found turmeric/curcumin supplementation reduced ALT (MD −7.31 U/L) and AST (MD −4.68 U/L), with significant effects observed only in trials lasting less than 12 weeks.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
RCTThe effects of curcumin supplementation on liver enzymes, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2019n=52
A study of 52 patients given 1.5 g curcumin per day for 12 weeks found reductions in hepatic fibrosis, serum cholesterol and glucose levels. [10188]
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 52
RCTTurmeric and chicory seed have beneficial effects on obesity markers and lipid profile in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)2019n=23
In 92 NAFLD patients (ages 20–60) over 12 weeks, turmeric (3 g/day), chicory seed, or their combination improved BMI, waist circumference, HDL, and lipid ratios versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 23
- Ages
- 20–60
RCTEfficacy and Safety of Phytosomal Curcumin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial2017n=52
An 8-week study of 87 patients with minor to severe NAFLD found that 1,000 mg/day curcumin (Meriva) reduced waist circumference and BMI compared to placebo. There was an improvement in NAFLD severity in 75% of those taking Meriva but only 4.7% in the placebo group. [10190]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 52
RCTTurmeric Supplementation Improves Serum Glucose Indices and Leptin Levels in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases2017n=23
A 12-wk study of 46 patients with NAFLD aged 20-60 years old given 3 g turmeric per day found that turmeric decreased serum levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and leptin but not weight, BMI or liver enzymes compared to the placebo group. [10189]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 3 g/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 23
- Ages
- 20–60
RCTTreatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial2016
An 8-wk study of patients with NAFLD taking 70 mg/day curcumin found that curcumin led to a reduction in liver fat content (78.9% with curcumin vs 27.5% in placebo). The curcumin group experienced improvements in BMI, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose compared to placebo. [10191]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 70 mg/day
- Population
- Healthy adults
Fish OilView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Fish oil may reduce liver fat and liver enzymes in adults and children with fatty liver disease.
- Small studies found omega-3s from fish oil lowered liver fat compared to no treatment, though more research is needed.
- One study found fish oil with EPA 735 mg and DHA 1605 mg daily for 3 months slightly lowered triglycerides and waist size; insulin and liver enzyme improvements happened only when taken with vitamin D. Average doses in studies were about 2.7 grams daily for 6 months.
Browse 4 studies·3 meta-analyses
RCTThe effects of fish oil plus vitamin D3 intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial2022n=37
In 111 NAFLD patients over 3 months, fish oil 2.34 g/day EPA+DHA with or without 1,680 IU vitamin D3 lowered ALT, triglycerides, and TNF-alpha versus corn oil; combined FO+D also reduced insulin and IL-1beta.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 2.34 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 37
- Avg age
- ~56
MetaEffects of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2020n=1,366
A systematic review and meta-analysis reporting that omega-3 supplementation reduces liver fat and improves liver enzyme levels in NAFLD patients compared with control treatments. A meta-analysis of small studies found omega-3 supplementation may improve liver fat (as measured by ultrasonography). [10638]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Participants
- 1,366
MetaOmega-3 fatty acids as a treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2018n=263
A systematic review and meta-analysis finding that omega-3 supplementation improves liver fat and triglyceride levels in pediatric NAFLD populations. A meta-analysis of 4 studies with 263 participants (children with NAFLD) found that fish oil is associated with a significant improvement in hepatic steatosis grade. Decreases in ALT levels were found after 12 months whilst decreases in AST levels were found after 6 months. There were no significant changes in CRP or components of metabolic syndrome. [10640]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 263
MetaOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2018n=1,424
A meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrating that omega-3 supplementation significantly reduces hepatic fat content and improves lipid markers in NAFLD patients. A meta-analysis of 18 studies (median 6 months) involving 1424 patients found omega-3 supplementation (median 2.7 g/d; range 0.25-5.00g/d) led to improvements in liver fat and liver enzymes with high heterogeneity. [10639]
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 0.25–5.00 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 1,424
ProbioticsView supplement →
Consider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Probiotics are possibly effective for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Browse 2 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaThe effect of probiotic consumption on lipid profile, glycemic index, inflammatory markers, and liver function in NAFLD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024n=899
A meta-analysis of 15 NAFLD RCTs (n=899) found probiotics improved ALT, HOMA-IR, and insulin but not lipids, glucose, or inflammatory markers significantly.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 899
Systematic reviewThe effect of gut microbiome-targeted therapies in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis2015n=1,921
A network meta-analysis of 37 NAFLD RCTs (n=1921) found probiotics and synbiotics significantly lowered ALT and liver stiffness measurement versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 1,921
InositolView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In a small study of people with fatty liver disease and obesity, taking 4 grams of myo-inositol daily for 8 weeks did not improve liver test results or liver fat but did help improve cholesterol, blood sugar measures, and some body measurements like weight and blood pressure.
- This suggests myo-inositol may help improve overall metabolic health even if direct effects on liver fat were not clear.
- More research is needed to confirm these benefits and find the best doses.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe effect of myo-inositol supplementation on AMPK/PI3K/AKT pathway and insulin resistance in patients with NAFLD2024n=26
In 26 obese NAFLD patients over 8 weeks, myo-inositol (4 g/day) improved insulin resistance and AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 4 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 26
- Ages
- 18–55
JiaogulanView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Jiaogulan is possibly effective for improving markers of NAFLD.
- Researchers tested Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract (GP) in 56 people diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via ultrasound.
- All participants first followed a controlled diet for 2 months, which lowered BMI and liver enzymes in both groups equally.
- The treatment group then received 80 mL GP daily for 4 more months while dieting, while controls got placebo.
- GP led to significantly greater drops in BMI, liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP), insulin levels, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides, and fatty liver score versus placebo.
- The extract proved safe with no reported side effects and enhanced diet therapy benefits.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe add-on effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2006
In 56 NAFLD patients, adding Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract to diet for 4 months reduced BMI, liver enzymes, insulin, and HOMA-IR more than diet alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 4 months
- Dose
- 80 mL/day Gynostemma pentaphyllum extraction
- Population
- NAFLD patients
Milk ThistleView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Some early studies suggest that milk thistle (silymarin) may help people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). When taken in amounts ranging from 140 mg to over 2000 mg daily for several weeks to months, milk thistle has been shown to slightly lower liver enzymes (AST and ALT). These changes are small, and it’s unclear if they lead to real improvements in liver health.
- Milk thistle may also have mild effects on cholesterol and weight. In one study, people with fatty liver and obesity who took milk thistle along with diet changes lost about one point on their BMI, but other studies have found no benefit. Reviews of multiple studies suggest that milk thistle doesn’t significantly help with weight.
- Studies looking at scarring or long-term liver damage show mixed results. A product combining milk thistle with vitamin E did not improve measures of liver scarring when used for 3 months, though other studies suggest milk thistle alone may improve a marker called the fatty liver index after several months.
- Overall, milk thistle may have some small benefits for liver markers in fatty liver disease and the related condition now often called MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease), but results are mixed and the improvements may not be clinically meaningful.
Browse 15 studies·5 meta-analyses
RCTThe activity of a herbal medicinal product of Phyllanthus niruri and Silybum marianum powdered extracts (Heptex®) in patients with apparent risk factors for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a phase II, multicentered, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2025n=146
A 36-week multicenter phase II RCT of 146 NASH patients found Heptex (Phyllanthus niruri plus Silybum marianum) significantly improved NASH-related biochemical markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 36 weeks
- Dose
- 187 IU/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 146
- Ages
- 18–65
MetaAdministration of silymarin in NAFLD/NASH: A systematic review and meta-analysis2024n=2,375
A meta-analysis of NAFLD/NASH studies (2,375 participants) found silymarin significantly reduced liver enzymes, liver stiffness, and steatosis severity.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 2,375
MetaEffects of silymarin use on liver enzymes and metabolic factors in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis2024
A meta-analysis found silymarin improved ALT, AST, liver stiffness, and metabolic markers in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
RCTSilymarin decreases liver stiffness associated with gut microbiota in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2024n=41
A double-blind RCT of 41 MASLD patients found silymarin (103.2 mg/day) reduced liver stiffness and shifted gut microbiota toward beneficial profiles versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 103.2 mg/day
- Population
- Pregnant women
- Participants
- 41
- Ages
- 18–85
RCTSylimarin Versus Essential Phospholipids in Metabolic Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) - A Prospective Comparative Randomized Trial2024n=68
An RCT of 68 MASLD patients found silymarin (150 mg twice daily) produced greater reductions in liver enzymes and liver stiffness than essential phospholipids.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 150 mg 2×/day
- Population
- ALL patients
- Participants
- 68
RCTA new nutraceutical (Livogen Plus®) improves liver steatosis in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2022n=140
In 140 adults with hepatic steatosis over 12 weeks, Livogen Plus (including artichoke leaf extract) reduced CAP liver fat score more than placebo (−34 vs −20 dB/m).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 140
Effect of 8 Weeks milk thistle powder (silymarin extract) supplementation on fatty liver disease in patients candidates for bariatric surgery2022n=41
An 8-week trial of 41 bariatric-surgery candidates found 560 mg/day silymarin extract reduced liver fat grade and improved liver enzymes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- 560 mg/day
- Population
- Men
- Participants
- 41
- Avg age
- 38.90±10.28
RCTEffect of silymarin on liver size and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in morbidly obese patients: A randomized double-blind clinical trial2022n=56
A 4-week double-blind RCT of 56 morbidly obese NAFLD patients found 420 mg/day silymarin reduced liver size and ultrasonographic steatosis before bariatric surgery.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 4 weeks
- Dose
- 420 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 56
- Avg age
- ~37
RCTThe Synergic Effect of a Nutraceutical Supplementation Associated to a Mediterranean Hypocaloric Diet in a Population of Overweight/Obese Adults with NAFLD2022n=68
A 3-month RCT of 68 overweight NAFLD patients found a silymarin-containing nutraceutical plus hypocaloric Mediterranean diet reduced liver fat more than diet alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 68
MetaImpact of Silymarin in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A systematic review and meta-analysis concluded silymarin significantly reduced ALT, AST, and liver stiffness in NAFLD patients across RCTs.
- Effect
- Benefit
MetaThe efficacy of novel metabolic targeted agents and natural plant drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treatment: A PRISMA-compliant network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2021
A network meta-analysis of NAFLD treatments found several natural compounds including silymarin produced significant improvements in liver enzymes and steatosis.
RCTRandomised trial of chronic supplementation with a nutraceutical mixture in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2020n=113
A 3-month RCT of 113 NAFLD patients found a nutraceutical mixture containing silymarin improved liver fat grade and metabolic markers versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Patients with metabolic syndrome
- Participants
- 113
- Ages
- 18–80
MetaThe therapeutic effect of silymarin in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty disease: A meta-analysis (PRISMA) of randomized control trials2017n=587
A PRISMA meta-analysis of 587 NAFLD patients across RCTs found silymarin significantly improved liver enzymes and reduced steatosis severity.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 587
RCTEffect of silymarin plus vitamin E in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A randomized clinical pilot study2015n=36
A 3-month pilot RCT of 36 NAFLD patients found silymarin plus vitamin E improved ALT, AST, and ultrasound steatosis more than vitamin E alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- ALL patients
- Participants
- 36
- Avg age
- ~47
GuideThe diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association2012
Major U.S. hepatology guidelines on NAFLD/NASH management note limited evidence supporting herbal interventions such as silymarin for disease-modifying treatment.
Vitamin CView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if vitamin C helps people with fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- One study gave patients vitamin C at 250 mg, 1000 mg, or 2000 mg daily for 12 weeks and found some improvements in liver health tests and blood sugar control.
- But the benefits were about the same no matter how much vitamin C was taken.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEffects of Oral Vitamin C Supplementation on Liver Health and Associated Parameters in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial2021n=30
An RCT in 84 NAFLD patients found 1,000 mg/day vitamin C for 12 weeks improved liver enzymes and glucose metabolism more than lower doses.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 250 mg/day
- Population
- Patients With Nafld
- Participants
- 30
- Ages
- 18–60
ObservationalAssociation between Dietary Vitamin C Intake and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study among Middle-Aged and Older Adults2016n=3,471
A cross-sectional study including 3471 patients found that a higher dietary intake (> 146.07 mg/day) of vitamin C was associated with a significant reduction (Odds Ratio 0.71 95%CI: 0.53–0.95) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk compared to a lower intake (<74.80 mg/day). Stratification by sex or obesity status found that this association remained valid in the male and non-obese population but not in the female or obese population.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 40 g/day
- Population
- Older adults
- Participants
- 3,471
- Ages
- 40+
ArtichokeView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Artichoke leaf extract can help lower liver enzymes (ALT, AST) in people with fatty liver and other metabolic problems when taken for several weeks.
- Higher doses and longer treatment is more effective.
- Taking artichoke with medicines like metformin or vitamin E also helps the liver, but is not clearly better than medicine alone.
Browse 6 studies·4 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of different natural products in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2024n=2,509
A network meta-analysis of 37 NAFLD trials (2509 patients) ranked artichoke leaf extract best for lowering AST, ALT, and LDL-C among seven natural products studied.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 2,509
RCTA new nutraceutical (Livogen Plus®) improves liver steatosis in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2022n=140
In 140 adults with hepatic steatosis over 12 weeks, Livogen Plus (including artichoke leaf extract) reduced CAP liver fat score more than placebo (−34 vs −20 dB/m).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 140
RCTEffects of Artichoke Supplementation on Liver Enzymes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials2022
A meta-analysis of 7 RCTs found artichoke supplementation significantly reduced ALT and AST, with stronger AST effects above 500 mg/day.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
MetaTherapeutic Potential of Artichoke in the Treatment of Fatty Liver: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2022n=333
A meta-analysis of 5 NAFLD RCTs (333 patients) found artichoke leaf extract significantly reduced ALT, AST, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with cirrhosis
- Participants
- 333
RCTThe effects of co-administration of artichoke leaf extract supplementation with metformin and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial2021
In NAFLD patients over 12 weeks, adding artichoke leaf extract to metformin or vitamin E lowered ALT and AST within all groups and increased the proportion reaching grade 0 steatosis with combination therapy.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Population
- NAFLD patients
MetaThe effects of Cynara scolymus L. supplementation on liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021
A meta-analysis of 8 trials found artichoke supplementation significantly reduced AST and ALT, especially in NAFLD and overweight/obese patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Overweight adults
Green TeaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Green tea may have some benefits for people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the evidence is not yet clear.
- Studies show that drinking green tea with a high amount of healthy compounds called catechins for about 3 months can reduce body fat and improve liver health.
- Green tea extract supplements may also help improve liver function tests, lower cholesterol, and reduce body weight slightly.
- More research is needed to know for sure how useful green tea is for fatty liver disease.
Browse 3 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaEffects of green tea or green tea catechin on liver enzymes in healthy individuals and people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2020
A meta-analysis of RCTs found green tea or catechin supplementation produced modest improvements in liver enzymes in healthy adults and people with NAFLD.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Healthy adults
MetaGreen tea as a safe alternative approach for nonalcoholic fatty liver treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials2018
A meta-analysis of NAFLD trials found green tea supplementation (~843 mg/day) improved hepatic biomarkers and some metabolic parameters versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 843 mg/day
RCTGreen tea with high-density catechins improves liver function and fat infiltration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled study2013
In NAFLD patients, 12 weeks of high-catechin green tea (700 mL/day) improved liver enzymes and reduced hepatic fat on imaging versus low-catechin tea or placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 700 mL/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
L-CarnitineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- A small study in adults with fatty liver disease found that taking 600 mg of L-carnitine daily for 3 months helped improve liver health markers compared with before treatment.
- However, in children with fatty liver disease taking vitamin E, adding L-carnitine did not improve liver enzyme levels or ultrasound measures of liver fat.
- More research is needed.
Browse 7 studies·3 meta-analyses
MetaEfficacy and safety of carnitine supplementation on NAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis2023
A meta-analysis found L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced AST and ALT in NAFLD patients and lowered triglycerides, with greater liver enzyme reductions in adults than younger patients.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
RCTImpact of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Liver Enzyme Normalization in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials2022n=1,217
A meta-analysis of 14 RCTs (1,217 patients) found carnitine-orotate significantly increased ALT normalization rates (OR 4.61) and lowered serum ALT and AST in chronic liver disease.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 1,217
RCTEffect of L-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2021n=55
In 55 children with NAFLD, 3 months of L-carnitine 50 mg/kg/day did not significantly improve AST, ALT, or liver ultrasound grading versus placebo, though within-group enzyme reductions occurred in both arms.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 50 mg/kg
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 55
- Ages
- 5–15
MetaEffect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles of patients with liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis2020
A meta-analysis found L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol and triglycerides in liver disease patients, with no effect on HDL or LDL; benefits were greater with ≥24-week duration.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with liver disease
RCTEvaluation of L-Carnitine Efficacy in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Double Blind Pilot Study2016
A randomized double-blind pilot study in diabetic NAFLD patients found L-carnitine supplementation improved liver enzyme levels and lipid metabolism compared with placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Diabetic patients
RCTData from a randomized and controlled trial of L-Carnitine prescription for the treatment for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease2014n=80
In 80 NAFLD patients, L-carnitine 500 mg twice daily for 24 weeks significantly reduced ALT and improved fatty liver sonographic grading versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 500 mg
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 80
- Ages
- 25–62
Controlled trialEffects of carnitine on peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA copy number and liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2010
In 45 NAFLD patients, 3 months of carnitine complex reduced ALT, AST, and bilirubin and increased peripheral blood mitochondrial DNA copy number versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- NAFLD patients
MelatoninView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Research shows that taking melatonin in higher doses (6–18 mg daily) for several weeks can improve some liver test results but not others.
- It may lower some liver enzymes but has little effect on others, and one enzyme may even increase slightly.
- In a small study, melatonin also helped reduce blood pressure, body weight, waist size, and some liver enzymes, but not cholesterol.
- More and larger studies are needed to be sure of these benefits.
Browse 4 studies·1 meta-analysis
RCTThe effect of melatonin on treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized double blind clinical trial2020n=21
In 45 NAFLD patients, melatonin 6 mg nightly for 3 months improved liver enzymes and metabolic markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 6 mg/day
- Participants
- 21
MetaThe effect of melatonin supplementation on liver indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials2020
A meta-analysis of NAFLD RCTs found melatonin significantly reduced liver enzymes compared with placebo, though included trials were heterogeneous.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
RCTEffects of treatment with melatonin and tryptophan on liver enzymes, parameters of fat metabolism and plasma levels of cytokines in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease--14 months follow up2014
In NAFLD patients, melatonin and tryptophan reduced liver enzymes and oxidative stress markers versus baseline in a controlled study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 14 months
- Dose
- 500 mg/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
Clinical trialThe effects of long-term melatonin treatment on plasma liver enzymes levels and plasma concentrations of lipids and melatonin in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study2012
In 42 NASH patients, 12 additional weeks of melatonin maintained earlier improvements in liver enzymes after an initial 12-week course versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 10 mg/day
- Population
- NASH patients
NattokinaseView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if nattokinase has any benefit for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Browse 3 studies·2 meta-analyses
MetaSoy diet for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2021
A meta-analysis of 5 NAFLD RCTs found soy diet reduced HOMA-IR and malondialdehyde vs placebo but did not significantly change BMI or liver enzymes.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
MetaEffect of soy consumption on liver enzymes, lipid profile, anthropometry indices, and oxidative stress in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials2020n=234
A meta-analysis of 4 NAFLD trials (234 participants) found soy intake lowered ALT by 7.5 U/L, body weight by 0.77 kg, and serum MDA vs control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 234
ObservationalSoy Food Intake Is Inversely Associated with Newly Diagnosed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the TCLSIH Cohort Study2020n=24,622
In 24,622 Chinese adults, soy food intake ≥4 times/week was associated with 25% lower NAFLD odds vs <1 time/week after multivariable adjustment.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 24,622
- Ages
- 20–90
Vitamin DView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if vitamin D helps children or adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Some small studies show vitamin D might slightly improve blood sugar control and a liver enzyme called ALT but does not affect another liver enzyme, AST.
- Taking vitamin D together with fish oil does not seem better than taking fish oil alone.
- In children with NAFLD, taking vitamin D along with a low-calorie diet improved some signs of liver health after 6 months, but did not improve other liver issues.
Browse 3 studies·1 meta-analysis
MetaAdditional treatment of vitamin D for improvement of insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis2022n=735
A meta-analysis of 7 NAFLD trials (735 participants) found vitamin D supplementation reduced HOMA-IR by 1.06 and ALT by 4.4 U/L versus control.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Liver disease patients
- Participants
- 735
RCTThe effects of fish oil plus vitamin D3 intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial2022n=37
In 111 NAFLD patients over 3 months, fish oil 2.34 g/day EPA+DHA with or without 1,680 IU vitamin D3 lowered ALT, triglycerides, and TNF-alpha versus corn oil; combined FO+D also reduced insulin and IL-1beta.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 2.34 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 37
- Avg age
- ~56
RCTVitamin D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: a randomized controlled clinical trial2022n=100
In a 6-month RCT of 100 children with biopsy-proven NAFLD, 2,000 IU/day vitamin D improved hepatic steatosis and lobular inflammation on biopsy and lowered HOMA-IR versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Dose
- 2000 IU/day
- Population
- Children/adolescents
- Participants
- 100
Alpha-Lipoic AcidView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is uncertain if alpha-lipoic acid helps with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Small studies in adults with fatty liver and obesity found that taking 600 mg twice daily for 8 to 12 weeks did not improve liver health, cholesterol, body weight, or belly fat compared to placebo.
- Some small improvements in certain blood markers related to inflammation and insulin resistance were seen.
Browse 3 studies
RCTClinical effectiveness of α-lipoic acid, myo-inositol and propolis supplementation on metabolic profiles and liver function in obese patients with NAFLD: A randomized controlled clinical trial2023
In 92 obese NAFLD patients over 8 weeks, alpha-lipoic acid supplementation ranked second after myo-inositol for reducing liver steatosis (NNT 2.2), though lipid and glycemic benefits varied by group.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Population
- Obese patients with NAFLD
RCTOral α-lipoic acid supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: effects on adipokines and liver histology features2019n=50
In 50 NAFLD patients, oral alpha-lipoic acid 1200 mg/day for 12 weeks improved insulin sensitivity, adiponectin, leptin, and liver steatosis versus placebo, without anthropometric or liver enzyme differences between groups.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1200 mg/day
- Population
- Obese patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 50
RCTThe effect of alpha-lipoic acid on inflammatory markers and body composition in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2019n=45
In 45 obese NAFLD patients, alpha-lipoic acid 1200 mg/day plus vitamin E for 12 weeks raised adiponectin and lowered IL-6 versus placebo, but both groups improved steatosis grade similarly.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1200 mg/day
- Population
- Obese patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 45
FlaxseedView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Small studies indicate that taking flaxseed by mouth may slightly improve liver health in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- One study showed that eating 30 grams of brown milled flaxseed daily for 12 weeks, along with lifestyle changes, reduced liver fibrosis and fat better than lifestyle changes alone.
- Another larger study found a similar reduction in liver fat with flaxseed plus lifestyle changes compared to lifestyle changes by themselves.
Browse 3 studies
RCTFlaxseed powder supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial2025n=25
In a 12-week RCT of 50 NAFLD patients, 30 g/day flaxseed powder plus health education reduced intrahepatic lipid content more than health education alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 30 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 25
RCTThe efficacy of flaxseed and hesperidin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-labeled randomized controlled trial2020
In a 12-week open-label RCT of 100 NAFLD patients, 30 g/day flaxseed with lifestyle modification improved liver fat and metabolic markers more than lifestyle modification alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 30 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
RCTFlaxseed supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot randomized, open labeled, controlled study2016n=50
In a 12-week RCT of 50 NAFLD patients, lifestyle modification plus 30 g/day milled flaxseed produced greater reductions in liver enzymes, fibrosis score, and steatosis than lifestyle modification alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 30 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 50
PhosphatidylcholineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if taking phosphatidylcholine helps people with fatty liver disease not caused by alcohol.
- Some early studies show it may improve liver ultrasound images and liver tests after several months.
- A combination supplement containing milk thistle, phosphatidylcholine, and vitamin E also showed benefits, but it is unknown which ingredient was responsible.
- More research is needed.
Browse 4 studies
ObservationalEffectiveness of phosphatidylcholine in alleviating steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiometabolic comorbidities (MANPOWER study)2020n=2,843
In 2843 NAFLD patients, phosphatidylcholine 1.8 g three times daily for 24 weeks improved liver echogenicity in 68.3% as adjunct to standard care in an observational study.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 24 weeks
- Dose
- 1.8 g 3×/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 2,843
- Ages
- 18–60
RCTRandomised trial of chronic supplementation with a nutraceutical mixture in subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease2020n=113
A 3-month RCT of 113 NAFLD patients found a nutraceutical mixture containing silymarin improved liver fat grade and metabolic markers versus control.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Population
- Patients with metabolic syndrome
- Participants
- 113
- Ages
- 18–80
RCTEffects of phytosomal curcumin on anthropometric parameters, insulin resistance, cortisolemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indices: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2019n=80
In 80 overweight adults, phytosomal curcumin with phosphatidylcholine for 8 weeks improved insulin, HOMA-IR, waist circumference, liver enzymes, and cortisol versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 56 days
- Dose
- 200 mg
- Population
- Overweight adults
- Participants
- 80
- Ages
- 18–70
RCTSilybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial2012n=179
In 179 NAFLD patients, silybin with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E for 12 months improved liver enzymes, HOMA, and histology versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 months
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 179
Flaxseed OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- In people who are overweight or obese and have fatty liver disease, taking 20 grams of flaxseed oil daily for 12 weeks while on a calorie-restricted diet improved the condition of their liver more than sunflower oil.
- It also helped to slightly reduce body weight but did not change liver enzymes or blood sugar control.
- Flaxseed oil might support liver health during weight loss.
Browse 1 study
RCTFlaxseed oil in the context of a weight loss programme ameliorates fatty liver grade in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomised double-blind controlled trial2020
In 68 NAFLD patients on a hypocaloric diet for 12 weeks, 20 g/day flaxseed oil reduced fatty liver grade more than sunflower oil (−0.68 vs −0.29, P=0.002) alongside liver enzyme improvements.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 20 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
Garcinia CambogiaView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear if garcinia helps people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
- In one small study, taking a garcinia extract along with a calorie-restricted diet improved weight and cholesterol markers, but liver enzymes also rose slightly, and it is not clear how much of the effect came from garcinia rather than the diet.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe effect of hydroxy citric acid supplementation with calorie-restricted diet on metabolic, atherogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial2022
In an 8-week RCT of obese women with NAFLD, hydroxycitric acid plus calorie restriction improved metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers versus calorie restriction alone.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Women
GingerView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear whether ginger helps people with fatty liver disease.
- One small study found that taking 1000 mg of ginger twice a day for 12 weeks improved some measures of liver fat but did not affect liver scarring.
- Ginger also lowered some liver enzymes.
- Another study showed ginger lowered bad cholesterol and blood sugar but did not improve other blood fats or blood pressure.
- More research is needed to know if ginger truly benefits fatty liver disease over the long term.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEffect of Ginger Powder Supplementation in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial2020n=46
A 12-week randomized clinical trial in 46 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comparing ginger powder supplementation (1.5 g/day) versus placebo, finding reductions in ALT, total cholesterol, LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, and fetuin-A in the ginger group.
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1.5 g/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 46
RCTGinger Supplementation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study2016n=44
In 44 NAFLD patients, ginger 2 g/day for 12 weeks significantly improved liver enzymes, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic steatosis markers versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 44
InulinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Early research on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is limited.
- A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in NAFLD patients showing that brief metronidazole followed by inulin supplementation reduced ALT levels more than diet alone, without differences in weight loss maintenance.
- More studies are needed before any benefit can be considered reliable.
Browse 1 study
RCTRandomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inulin with Metronidazole in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)2020
In 62 NAFLD patients, brief metronidazole followed by inulin after a very-low-calorie diet reduced ALT and helped maintain weight loss versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 400 mg 2×/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Ages
- 18–75
L-CitrullineView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if L-citrulline has any benefit for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Browse 1 study
RCTInflammatory markers response to citrulline supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial2019
In 50 NAFLD patients, 2 g/day citrulline for 3 months reduced hs-CRP, NF-κB activity, and TNF-α versus placebo.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 2 g/day
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Ages
- 18+
Olive OilView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not certain if taking olive oil by mouth helps with fatty liver disease.
- Research shows that people who took 20 grams of olive oil daily for 12 weeks while following a low-calorie diet had their fatty liver condition improve about twice as much as those who took sunflower oil.
- There was no difference in cholesterol or liver blood tests between the groups.
Browse 1 study
RCTOlive oil lessened fatty liver severity independent of cardiometabolic correction in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial2019n=66
A 12-week RCT in 66 NAFLD patients found 20 g/day olive oil reduced fatty liver grade more than sunflower oil on a hypocaloric diet, independent of most cardiometabolic changes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 20 g/day
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 66
Panax GinsengView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not certain if taking Panax ginseng helps people with fatty liver disease.
- In a small study, adults with this condition who took Panax ginseng daily for one month had slight improvements in tiredness and liver enzyme levels compared to placebo.
- Everyone in the study also took milk thistle and exercised daily.
Browse 2 studies
RCTEffect of Korea red ginseng on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an association of gut microbiota with liver function2021n=94
In 94 NAFLD patients, Korean red ginseng 2000 mg/day for 30 days improved liver enzymes and fatigue scores, with gut microbiota shifts linked to treatment response.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 30 days
- Dose
- 2000 mg/day
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 94
- Ages
- 20+
RCTAnti-inflammatory and antifatigue effect of Korean Red Ginseng in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2015n=80
In 80 NAFLD patients, Korean red ginseng for 3 weeks lowered TNF-α (p=0.018) and raised adiponectin versus placebo (p=0.027), alongside improved liver enzymes.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 3 weeks
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 80
- Ages
- 20+
QuercetinView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Quercetin has insufficient evidence for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Browse 1 study·1 meta-analysis
RCTEfficacy of dietary polyphenol supplement in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis2025n=3,132
A network meta-analysis of 54 RCTs (3132 NAFLD patients) found quercetin decreased serum TNF-α, while catechin and naringenin showed stronger effects on other metabolic markers.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD
- Participants
- 3,132
LycopeneView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if lycopene has any benefit for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Browse 1 study
ObservationalProtective Role of Lycopene in Subjects with Liver Disease: NUTRIHEP Study2024n=969
An observational study of 969 adults in the NUTRIHEP cohort found lycopene intake around 9.5 mg/day associated with lower liver disease risk (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.39–0.90).
- Effect
- Benefit
- Dose
- 9.50 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 969
SAMeView supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- SAMe has insufficient evidence for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Browse 1 study
ObservationalAssociation of serum methionine metabolites with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study2022n=2,814
A cross-sectional study of 2814 adults aged 40–75 found higher SAH and homocysteine and a lower SAM/SAH ratio independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 2,814
- Ages
- 40–75
Vitamin B9 (Folate)View supplement →
Reconsider purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It is not clear whether taking folic acid supplements helps with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- People with NAFLD tend to have lower levels of folate in their blood and eat less folate from food and supplements compared to healthy people.
- Low folate levels are linked to a higher chance of having NAFLD.
- However, studies where people took folic acid supplements for a short time did not show clear improvements in liver health or metabolism.
- More research is needed to understand if folic acid might help in the long term or for certain people.
Browse 1 study
ObservationalAssociation between folate and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among US adults: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis2023n=2,261
A cross-sectional analysis of 2,261 US adults (ages 20+) examined how folate status is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence.
- Duration
- 30 days
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 2,261
- Ages
- 20+
AvocadoView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- It’s not clear if eating avocados is helpful for fatty liver disease.
- In a study of adults who were overweight or obese, families that consumed 14 avocados a week for 6 months did not show improvements in liver health compared with families that ate only 3 avocados a week.
- Blood tests that measure liver function looked the same in both groups.
Browse 1 study
RCTChanges in biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) upon access to avocados in Hispanic/Latino adults: Secondary data analysis of a cluster randomized controlled trial2022n=37
A secondary analysis of a Hispanic/Latino cluster RCT found low (3) versus high (14) weekly avocados for 6 months did not change NAFLD biomarkers, liver enzymes, or fibrosis scores.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Duration
- 6 months
- Population
- Healthy adults
- Participants
- 37
KefirView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- There is not enough evidence to determine if kefir has any benefit for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Browse 1 study
RCTThe effects of kefir drink on liver aminotransferases and metabolic indicators in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial2025n=80
In 80 NAFLD patients, kefir improved liver aminotransferases and metabolic indicators versus control in a randomized trial of probiotic fermented milk.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- NAFLD patients
- Participants
- 80
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)View supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Evidence is insufficient for this condition.
Browse 1 study
RCTEffect of fenofibrate and niacin on intrahepatic triglyceride content, very low-density lipoprotein kinetics, and insulin action in obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease2010
A randomized trial in adults found that 200 mg/day nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, particularly increased plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations and insulin resistance.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Dose
- 200 mg/day
- Population
- Adults
Nicotinamide RibosideView supplement →
Do not purchase·★★★★★
How we scored this▸
- Nicotinamide riboside has only been studied combined with another ingredient called pterostilbene in people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
- Taking this combination for 26 weeks did not improve liver enzyme levels or reduce liver fat.
- It is unknown if nicotinamide riboside by itself has any effect on NAFLD.
Browse 2 studies
RCTNicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene reduces markers of hepatic inflammation in NAFLD: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial2023n=111
In 111 adults with NAFLD, 6 months of nicotinamide riboside plus pterostilbene lowered ALT, GGT, and ceramide 14:0 vs placebo but did not reduce hepatic fat fraction.
- Effect
- No Benefit
- Population
- Adults
- Participants
- 111
Open-labelNicotinamide supplementation in diabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: randomized controlled trial2022n=35
In 61 diabetic NAFLD patients, nicotinamide 1000 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced ALT by 26.6% vs 0.74% in controls but did not change steatosis or fibrosis scores.
- Effect
- Benefit
- Duration
- 12 weeks
- Dose
- 1000 mg/day
- Population
- Diabetic patients
- Participants
- 35
Evidence visualised
Same ratings as above, aggregated so you can see coverage and imbalance.
| Supplement | DEX | Studies | Meta-analyses | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curcumin | ★★★★★68% | 19 | 5 | 15% |
| Milk Thistle | ★★★★★56% | 15 | 5 | 12% |
| Resveratrol | ★★★★★72% | 9 | 5 | 7% |
| Vitamin E | ★★★★★72% | 9 | 4 | 7% |
| L-Carnitine | ★★★★★52% | 7 | 3 | 6% |
| Artichoke | ★★★★★52% | 6 | 4 | 5% |
| Garlic | ★★★★★72% | 5 | 1 | 4% |
| Berberine | ★★★★★72% | 4 | 1 | 3% |
| Fish Oil | ★★★★★68% | 4 | 3 | 3% |
| Melatonin | ★★★★★52% | 4 | 1 | 3% |
| Phosphatidylcholine | ★★★★★48% | 4 | 0 | 3% |
| Alpha-Lipoic Acid | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 2% |
| Flaxseed | ★★★★★48% | 3 | 0 | 2% |
| Green Tea | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 2 | 2% |
| Nattokinase | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 2 | 2% |
| Vitamin D | ★★★★★52% | 3 | 1 | 2% |
| Ginger | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Nicotinamide Riboside | ★★★★★28% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Panax Ginseng | ★★★★★44% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Probiotics | ★★★★★64% | 2 | 2 | 2% |
| Vitamin C | ★★★★★56% | 2 | 0 | 2% |
| Avocado | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Flaxseed Oil | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Garcinia Cambogia | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Inositol | ★★★★★56% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Inulin | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Jiaogulan | ★★★★★56% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Kefir | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| L-Citrulline | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Lycopene | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Olive Oil | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Quercetin | ★★★★★44% | 1 | 1 | <1% |
| SAMe | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | ★★★★★32% | 1 | 0 | <1% |
| Vitamin B9 (Folate) | ★★★★★40% | 1 | 0 | <1% |